A級(jí)閱讀理解專項(xiàng)輔導(dǎo)與訓(xùn)練(共34頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上閱讀理解第一節(jié) 概述一、基本要求高等學(xué)校英語應(yīng)用能力考試大綱中規(guī)定閱讀理解主要測(cè)試考生從書面材料獲取信息的能力?？傞喿x量約為1000詞到1200詞左右。本部分的得分占總分的35%，測(cè)試時(shí)間為40分鐘。1 本部分測(cè)試的主要內(nèi)容：體裁分類閱讀內(nèi)容一般性閱讀材料主要包括：文化、社會(huì)、常識(shí)、科普、經(jīng)貿(mào)、人物等方面的材料。不包括詩歌、小說、散文等文學(xué)性材料；應(yīng)用性文字材料實(shí)用性文字材料約占60%主要包括：商務(wù)信函、傳真、電子郵件廣告產(chǎn)品與廠家介紹產(chǎn)品維護(hù)及使用說明科技文獻(xiàn)技術(shù)專利招、投標(biāo)書合同書、意向書業(yè)務(wù)單證文章摘要、書籍序言2本部分主要測(cè)試的閱讀技能：了解語篇和段落的主旨和

2、大意；把握語篇中的事實(shí)和主要情節(jié)；理解語篇上下文的邏輯關(guān)系；對(duì)句子和段落進(jìn)行推理；了解作者的目的、態(tài)度和觀點(diǎn)；根據(jù)上下文正確理解生詞的意思；了解語篇的結(jié)論；進(jìn)行信息轉(zhuǎn)換。二、題型介紹A級(jí)考試閱讀理解部分由五篇短文構(gòu)成，題型可分為四類：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)選擇題、填空題、匹配題、問答題，總閱讀量約為1000個(gè)詞，共設(shè)25道題。這25道題由5個(gè)Task 引申而出。1單項(xiàng)選擇題（Task 1，Task 2）該題型是四選一的客觀題。每題2分，10題（每篇短文后附5道選擇題）共20分。2填空題（Task 3）該題型是主觀題。每題1分，5題共5分。匹配題（Task ）該題型是主觀題。每題1分，5題共5分。4問答題（Tas

3、k 5）該題型是主觀題。 短文后共設(shè)5道問答題，每題1分，5題共5分。三、閱讀理解應(yīng)注意的問題3.1詞匯是閱讀的基礎(chǔ)1掌握大綱要求的詞匯量，大綱要求考生應(yīng)掌握3，400個(gè)單詞和短語；熟練掌握英語的語法及慣用法，在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中注意對(duì)所學(xué)的語法知識(shí)加以歸納總結(jié)，要做到熟練運(yùn)用。閱讀單詞量的儲(chǔ)備，是閱讀能力快速提高的重要砝碼。2. 高職高專英語教學(xué)大綱規(guī)定，學(xué)生應(yīng)能閱讀生詞不超過3%的短文。3積累詞語：做到在閱讀中增加詞匯， 在積累詞匯的過程中提高閱讀速度。4掌握猜詞技巧1）利用文章中對(duì)詞的定義猜測(cè)詞義作者往往用破折號(hào)、同位語、that is 、namely 等方法引出該詞的定義，如：The har

4、bor is protected by a jettya wall built out into the water.2）利用文章中的復(fù)述猜測(cè)詞義，如：He had a van look. He was so pale and weak that we thought he was ill.3）利用經(jīng)驗(yàn)和常識(shí)猜測(cè)詞義，如：Mr. Smith ran into a pedestrian with his car when it got out of control and drove onto the sidewalk4）利用上下文的有關(guān)信息猜測(cè)詞義，如：The fishermen make t

5、heir canoes from tree trunks. They go from island to island in these light marrow boats and collect turtles eggs.5）利用文章中對(duì)詞的舉例及解釋猜測(cè)詞義，如：Today young couples who are just starting their households spend lots of money on appliances, for instance, washing machines, refrigerators and color TVs .6）利用文章中詞與詞

6、的對(duì)等關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義，如：The snow was falling. Big flakes drifted with the wind like feathers. 7）利用文章中詞與詞的對(duì)照關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義，如：In the north regions the winters are generally cold and humid, and the summers hot and dry. 綜上所述，利用各種已知信息推測(cè)、判斷詞義是一項(xiàng)重要的閱讀技巧。在實(shí)踐中，我們可以靈活運(yùn)用，綜合運(yùn)用上面提到的幾種猜測(cè)技巧，排除生詞的障礙，順利理解文章的思想內(nèi)容，提高閱讀速度。3.2解題步驟和閱讀技巧是關(guān)鍵閱

7、讀理解的解題步驟有以下兩種：1.先閱讀文章后看題： P（passage ）Q(question) P(passage)的順序。即先看文章后看題,再通過查閱文章來尋找答案。若有標(biāo)題，先審讀標(biāo)題。標(biāo)題是文章主題的集中概括；快速閱讀，把握大意；快速瀏覽問題，選擇答案；帶著疑問查讀短文，對(duì)所選答案進(jìn)行檢查；做完題后檢查。2.先看題后閱讀文章：Q(question)P(passage)Q(question)的閱讀順序,可以讓學(xué)生帶著問題有目的地去閱讀?？焖匍喿x問題題干；帶著問題閱讀文章；邊讀把與問題相關(guān)的信息劃上記號(hào)；結(jié)合問題，選擇合乎題意的答案；做完題后檢查。3.掌握相關(guān)的閱讀技巧（見第二節(jié)）3.3良

8、好的閱讀習(xí)慣是保證很多考生都會(huì)由于閱讀速度慢的原因而影響了考試的成績(jī)，而良好的閱讀習(xí)慣是快速閱讀理解能力提高的前提。大量的研究表明，閱讀習(xí)慣與閱讀速度密切相關(guān)，好的閱讀習(xí)慣是影響閱讀質(zhì)量的重要因素。1 克服以下不良閱讀習(xí)慣 聲音化：閱讀出聲，喃喃自語； 動(dòng)作化：搖頭晃腦、不停地指手劃腳； 局限化：視幅小，回視頻繁； 翻譯化：喜歡邊讀邊心譯。2養(yǎng)成良好的閱讀習(xí)慣 要以較快的速度從大量材料中捕捉有關(guān)信息； 按意群讀掃視，連貫閱讀； 要融會(huì)貫通，掌握通篇的中心思想； 使大腦對(duì)英語文字直接反應(yīng)其意義； 培養(yǎng)學(xué)生課外閱讀的習(xí)慣，廣泛閱讀各種文章，了解有關(guān)文化背景知識(shí)。第三節(jié) 題型分析與解題技巧1. 單項(xiàng)

9、選擇題（Task 1，Task 2）此題型涉及兩篇短文，每篇長(zhǎng)度約200300詞。短文題材多為實(shí)用性文字材料。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，歷年真題該題型的出題范圍主要有四個(gè)方面，分別是主旨題、文章的細(xì)節(jié)理解題、邏輯推理題、是非判斷題、作者語氣、態(tài)度題、語義題的理解。下面就這幾類題進(jìn)行解析。1.1主旨題檢查考生對(duì)整篇短文或段落的理解、分析、把握和歸納能力。確定文章的主題（topic or main point）、文章大意（main idea）或給出一合適的標(biāo)題（title）。 示例1：Development banks are international lending groups. They lend mone

10、y development countries to help fuel economic growth and social progress. They are not part of the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund or the United Nations. The money comes from member countries and borrowing in world markets. Development banks provide long-term loans at market rates. They

11、provide even longer-term loans at below market interest rates. These banks also provide technical assistance and advice. There are three main ones. The oldest is the Inter-American Development Bank in Washington,D.C. It began in nineteen fifty-nine. President Juscelino Kubitschek of Brazil had propo

12、sed a bank to aid economic growth in the Americas. The Organization of American States agreed. Today the bank is worth over one hundred thousand million dollars. It holds only four percent of that. The other money is guaranteed by its members. Forty-seven countries around the word own the bank. The

13、United States own thirty percent as the largest shareholder. Twenty-six countries in Latin American and the Caribbean borrow from the bank. The African Development Bank has its roots in an agreement signed in Sudan in nineteen sixty- three. It is based in Abidjan, Ivory Coast.There are twenty-four m

14、embers in the Americas, Europe and Asia in addition to the fifty- three in Africa. The country with the most votes in the bank is Nigeria, followed by the United States, Japan and Egypt.The Asian Development Bank started in 1996. It is based in Manila, the Philippines. There re sixty-three members,

15、mostly in Asia. Like all development banks, it is supervised by a Board of Governors.1. What is the passage mainly about?A) The African Development BankB)The Asian Development BankC)the Inter- American Development Bank D)Development Banks考點(diǎn)分析：該題的題干為“What is the passage mainly about?”，其標(biāo)志詞是“mainly ab

16、out”。很明顯，這道題考察對(duì)文中大意的了解，即主旨題。解題要領(lǐng)：閱讀題干，仔細(xì)瀏覽全文。結(jié)合上下文，可以得知全文是介紹的發(fā)展銀行。因此選項(xiàng)D）為正確答案。主旨題類題的答題技巧歸納如下： 1迅速瀏覽全文，以對(duì)文章有一大致的了解；2迅速瀏覽問題，判斷題目的考點(diǎn)是否為主旨類理解題。此類問題中常常含有標(biāo)志詞：如best title，subject，topic,purpose，main idea/ theme/point/problem，conclusion等。其常見的提問方式如下：What does the passage mainly discuss?What is this passage ma

17、inly about?What is the main topic / subject / theme / idea of the passage?The main idea / point / subject of the passage isWhich statement best expresses the main idea of the passage?With what topic is this passage primarily concerned?Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?The

18、best title for the passage would beThe passage could be entitledWhat would be the most suitable title for the passage?3尋找主題句（topic sentence）。主題句通常以陳述句的形式出現(xiàn)，大部分位于文章段落的開端（第一句或第二句），但如果是歸納式的文章，主題句也會(huì)出現(xiàn)在段落末尾。最后綜合各個(gè)部分的中心大意，找出全文的主旨。4有的文章主題句不明顯，這時(shí)需要考生正確理解文章的意思，發(fā)揮自己的邏輯推理和概括能力，找出主旨大意。5確立標(biāo)題需要首先抓住主題句，然后從主題句中提煉出關(guān)

19、鍵的詞來做標(biāo)題。1.2細(xì)節(jié)理解題該類題在于檢查學(xué)生對(duì)閱讀材料中具體細(xì)節(jié)的理解能力，測(cè)試考生對(duì)文章理解的程度。一篇文章在確定主題之后，通常要通過大量的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)對(duì)主題進(jìn)行解釋和說明。因此有很多的題干是根據(jù)短文的細(xì)節(jié)而設(shè)計(jì)的。文章的細(xì)節(jié)題有可能是直接理解題，如事物的起因、 過程、結(jié)果及發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等。但多數(shù)情況下是間接理解題，要求在理解的基礎(chǔ)上，通過自己的思維將理解的內(nèi)容系統(tǒng)化、條理化。細(xì)節(jié)理解題在考試中所占的比例很大。見示例1：2.What is the main function of development banks?A) They borrow money from people.B

20、) They lend money to the International Monetary.C) They lend money to developing countries to make progress.D) They collect money from member countries.考點(diǎn)分析：這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題?？疾槭菍?duì)發(fā)展銀行作用的認(rèn)識(shí)。解題要領(lǐng)：文章的第一段可以看出，發(fā)展銀行借錢給發(fā)展中國家，以幫助它們發(fā)展。因此選項(xiàng) C）是正確答案。細(xì)節(jié)理解題的答題技巧歸納如下：1快速瀏覽文章和問題，判斷題目的考點(diǎn)是否為細(xì)節(jié)理解題。細(xì)節(jié)理解題的提問形式采取詢問形式或給出一個(gè)不太完整的句子，

21、要求考生選擇正確的選項(xiàng)來補(bǔ)全缺少的內(nèi)容。其常見的提問方式如下：常以Who，What，When，Where，Why等開頭。 who was whendid where is which of the following is not mentioned in the passage？ Which of the following statements is true？ According to the passage, when / where / why / how / who / what / which 2采用查讀法?？焖贋g覽全文，帶著問題查找解題線索。找出該細(xì)節(jié)理解題的考點(diǎn)在原文哪個(gè)位置

22、上。3仔細(xì)閱讀與考點(diǎn)相對(duì)應(yīng)的原文，包括相對(duì)應(yīng)的原文中前后的句子，理解透徹。不要摻雜自己的主觀看法。4仔細(xì)推敲問題所問，不要光看文章是怎么說的，而忽略題干是怎么問的。5體會(huì)細(xì)節(jié)理解題正確答案和干擾項(xiàng)的基本特點(diǎn)：正確答案的基本特點(diǎn)：必須和文章講的意思完全的吻合，不能有絲毫的偏差；正確的答案必須要回答題干所問及的問題。干擾項(xiàng)的的基本特點(diǎn)：干擾項(xiàng)和原文表達(dá)的意思之間有細(xì)微的區(qū)別，不能忽略，應(yīng)仔細(xì)推敲，作出判斷；干擾項(xiàng)是文章中原文的表達(dá)，但干擾項(xiàng)沒有回答題干所問及的問題，答非所問；6作出選擇時(shí)，不要摻雜自己的主觀看法。1.3 邏輯推理題測(cè)試考生對(duì)所閱讀短文中的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行推斷的能力及檢查考生對(duì)短文中隱含意思

23、作出判斷的能力。判斷推理題要求考生在理解文章表面信息的基礎(chǔ)上，運(yùn)用邏輯思維，并借助一定的常識(shí)對(duì)文章隱含的意思或深層意思進(jìn)行分析、推理。英語閱讀中，有時(shí)作者并未把寫作意圖說出來，而是要求閱讀者根據(jù)字面意思，通過全篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的意圖、觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義，這就是判斷推理題。判斷推理題在閱讀測(cè)試中屬于難題。見示例1：3It can be inferred from the passage that_.A) Development Bank didnt develop very wellB) The Inter-American Development Bank dose

24、 not belong to only one countryC) The number of the development banks in Africa is less than in AsiaD) No Asian Development Bank is governed by governors考點(diǎn)解析：該題的題干為“It can be inferred from the passage that_.”，其標(biāo)志詞是“inferred from”。很明顯，這道題考察對(duì)文中隱含的意思推理，即邏輯推理題。解題要領(lǐng)：從文中第五段第一句可以看出，還有47個(gè)國家是這家銀行的股東。所以它并不只是屬

25、于一個(gè)國家的。因此選項(xiàng)B是正確答案。邏輯推理題的答題技巧歸納如下： 1快速瀏覽題干，判斷題目的考點(diǎn)是否為邏輯推理題。此類問題中常常含有標(biāo)志詞： “infer，imply，suggest，guess，refer to，imply ”等。其常見的提問方式如下：Itcanbeinferred/concluded from the passagethatThepassageimplies,butdoesntdirectlystatethatThewritersuggeststhatWhatstheauthorsattitudetowardThewriterprobablyfeelsthat.Which

26、ofthefollowingconclusionscanwedrawaccordingtothepassage?In authorusestheexamplesoftoshowthatThe whichofthefollowingpublicationwouldthispassagemostlikelybeprinted?2利用提問或選項(xiàng)中的線索，返回原文找到相關(guān)信息；3吃透原文中的字面意思，從字里行間感受作者的言外之意及作者的暗示或真實(shí)意圖，然后作出推理；4注意推理時(shí)的“最近答案”原則：不要“想的太多，推得太遠(yuǎn)”。A級(jí)考試中推理題的答案很大程度上是原文的重現(xiàn)，不一定非要經(jīng)過非常復(fù)雜的邏輯推理

27、。1.4是非判斷題檢查考生根據(jù)短文中提供的信息，對(duì)所提問題的真實(shí)性與非真實(shí)性，提及與未提及到的信息等作出正確判斷的能力。見示例1：3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A) Development banks provide short-term loans.B) The interest rates of Development banks are very high.C) Development banks may give some technical advice as well.D) The Inter-A

28、merican Development Bank was proposed to help Asia.考點(diǎn)分析：此題的題干是“Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?”。很明顯，這道題考察考生根據(jù)短文中提供的信息，對(duì)所提問題的真實(shí)性與非真實(shí)性，提及與未提及到的信息等作出正確判斷的能力。即是非判斷題。解題要領(lǐng)：文章的第而段可以看出，發(fā)展銀行除了提供較低的利率之外，還提供技術(shù)上的幫助和建議。因此。選C）是正確答案。是非判斷題的答題技巧歸納如下：1快速瀏覽問題，判斷題目的考點(diǎn)是否為是非判斷題。此類問題中常常有這樣的特點(diǎn)：（1）四

29、個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，有三項(xiàng)正確（即符合原文），只有一項(xiàng)不符合原文內(nèi)容或原文沒有提及，即三對(duì)一錯(cuò)。其常見的提問方式如下：Which of the following statements is NOT true?Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the text?All of the following are true exceptThe author mentions all of the items below EXCEPTWhich of the following is NOT included in the passag

30、e?（2）四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，有三項(xiàng)不正確，只有一項(xiàng)符合原文內(nèi)容，即三錯(cuò)一對(duì)。其常見的提問方式如下：Which of the following statements is true?Which of the following is true?2根據(jù)題干或選項(xiàng)，判斷是三錯(cuò)一對(duì)，還是三對(duì)一錯(cuò)；3根據(jù)題干或選項(xiàng)中的線索詞返回原文，定位到相關(guān)的句子及其上下文，仔細(xì)閱讀文章；4在帶有“EXCEPT”，“BUT”或“NOT”的否定句試題中，答題時(shí)，應(yīng)先排除與短文內(nèi)容信息相關(guān)的選項(xiàng)，一般剩下的選擇項(xiàng)即為正確答案；5肯定句試題中，答題時(shí)則應(yīng)排除與短文內(nèi)容信息無關(guān)的選擇頂，剩下的選擇頂即為正確答案。1.5 語義題檢

31、查學(xué)生對(duì)詞匯、短語或詞組的理解能力以及所掌握的詞匯量。測(cè)試的內(nèi)容：狹義詞匯：指那些考生從未見過的，完全陌生的詞匯，測(cè)試考生猜測(cè)詞義的能力。廣義詞匯：指那些考生認(rèn)識(shí)，但是只掌握其部分常用含義的詞匯，測(cè)試考生猜測(cè)未掌握的詞匯含義或詞匯的引申含義的能力。見示例1：4. What dose the underlined word “ones” refer to?A) development banksB) Africa and AmericaC) AmericasD) Loans考點(diǎn)分析：根據(jù)題干“What dose the underlined word “ones” refer to?”?？梢耘袛?/p>

32、出此題要求考生根據(jù)上下文猜測(cè)“ones”的意思。則該題為語義題。解題要領(lǐng)：這道題是測(cè)試代詞“one” 或“ones”的用法。文章的上下文可以看出，ones指的是發(fā)展銀行。因此，A）答案是正確答案。語義題的答題技巧歸納如下：1快速瀏覽文章和問題，判斷題目的考點(diǎn)是否為語義題。語義題常常在題干中明確指出原文中某處的單詞或詞組，要求辨別意思。其常見的提問方式如下：The word “” in line (paragraph )most probably meansIn paragraph“”,the word “”refers to (stands for ) What dose the writer

33、 mean by saying “”in the first paragraph?According to the passage, the word “”is known asWhat dose the underlined word “”mean/refer to ?2返回原文，找出該詞匯出現(xiàn)的地方。結(jié)合上下文，理解該詞的意思。如果該詞匯是常見的熟悉的，詞匯的正確答案經(jīng)常蘊(yùn)藏在原文該詞出現(xiàn)的前后，是根據(jù)上下文推測(cè)的一個(gè)更加深刻的含義。而并非它常用的或其表面的意思；3熟練掌握A級(jí)考試大綱要求掌握的詞匯和短語；4學(xué)會(huì)根據(jù)上下文猜測(cè)詞義技巧（見第二節(jié)）。這類題中所考單詞的意義通常超出大綱。1.6

34、作者語氣、態(tài)度題作者持有的某種態(tài)度或具有的某種傾向隱含于文章的字里行間。在通讀全文、理解全文和掌握中心思想的基礎(chǔ)上，從文章中或作者的措詞中領(lǐng)悟并推斷作者的觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度。這類題目也屬于難題。示例2： In many cities in the process of industrialization, overcrowded cities present a major problem. Poor conditions in these cities, such as lack of housing, inadequate sanitation (衛(wèi)生 ) and lack of employme

35、nt, bring about an increase in poverty, disease and crime. The over-population of towns is mainly caused by the drift of large numbers of people from the rural areas. These people have become dissatisfied with the traditional life of farming, and have come to the town hoping for better work and pay.

36、 One possible solution to the problem would be to impose registration on town residents. Only officially registration residents would be allowed to live in the towns and the urban population would thus be limited. In practice,however,registration would be very difficult to enforce (推行); it would cau

37、se a great deal of resentment (不滿), which would ultimately lead to violence. The only long- term solution is to make life in the rural areas more attractive, which would encourage people to stay there. This could be achieved by providing encouragement for people to go and work in the villages. Facil

38、ities in the rural areas, such as transport, health and education services should be improved. Education should include training in improve methods of farming and other rural industries, so as to develop a more positive attitude towards rural life. The improvement of life in the village is very impo

39、rtant, because the town themselves cannot be development without the simultaneous or previous development of the rural areas.1. In the authors view, solving the cities problem overcrowding by strict registration is_.A) practical B) possible C) not realistic D) not sufficient考點(diǎn)分析：由題干和選項(xiàng)可判斷，該題是對(duì)作者的態(tài)度作

40、出判斷。即作者語氣、態(tài)度題。解題要領(lǐng)：在第三段作者分析了一種解決方案：城市居民登記制度；但是，這種制度的弊端很明顯，不僅難以推行而且最終會(huì)導(dǎo)致沖突發(fā)生。本題問作者腿這個(gè)方案的態(tài)度是什么。選項(xiàng)A是“可以實(shí)行的；選項(xiàng)B是“可能的”選項(xiàng)C是“不現(xiàn)實(shí)的”；選項(xiàng)D是“不充分的”。因此選項(xiàng)C是正確答案。作者語氣、態(tài)度題答題技巧歸納如下：1快速瀏覽文章和問題，判斷試題的考點(diǎn)是否為判斷作者語氣、態(tài)度題。此類問題中常常含有標(biāo)志詞：attitude，believe，regard， consider等。其常見的提問方式如下：The author seems to be in favor of (against)Th

41、e author of the passage implied that The author may probably agree with (support)The tone of the passage may be In the authors opinionThe authors attitude towards might be2仔細(xì)閱讀文章， 找出文中一些表示感情色彩的名次、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞；根據(jù)作者說話的語氣、文章的措詞、舉例、文體等，來判斷作者的觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度；3判斷作者的態(tài)度是其三種的哪一種：支持、贊同、樂觀；客觀、中立；反對(duì)、批評(píng)、懷疑、悲觀；4掌握常見的表示態(tài)度的英語詞匯

42、：positive肯定的、approval支持的、optimistic樂觀的；objective客觀的、beutral中立的；negativefou 否定的disapproval反對(duì)的、suspicious懷疑的、pessimistic悲觀的；subjective主觀的、 indifferent冷漠的、 biased有偏見的、 impartial公正的、 sensitive敏感的等；5精確理解四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思，結(jié)合對(duì)文章的理解，作出判斷。2填空題（Task 3）此題型涉及一篇短文，每篇長(zhǎng)度約120150詞，其文章難易度與單項(xiàng)選擇題文章的相當(dāng)。短文題材通常是應(yīng)用文或說明文。該題型是主觀題，要求考生

43、根據(jù)提示填入相關(guān)的信息。即要求簡(jiǎn)略回答而且字?jǐn)?shù)有限制，一般為三到四詞。通常完成填空就等于完成了文章的概要。根據(jù)歷年的考題可知，填空題絕大部分考察學(xué)生對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)題的理解。示例：(2003年6月實(shí)考題目)Directions: After reading the following introduction to the course o First Certificate in English, you are required t complete the outline below it. You should write your answers briefly (in no more tha

44、n 3 words) On the Answer Sheet correspondingly.English for Cambridge Examination This course prepares non-native speakers for the internationally recognized First Certificate in English.Syllabus (課程大綱 ) Speaking skills are taught as part of an integrated approach. Special emphasis is placed on the a

45、bility to communicate successfully at all levels. Listening skills are also taught as part of an integrated approach. Extensive use is made of our modern language laboratory and video self-access center. Grammar practice is an essential part of the preparation for examination. Students are introduce

46、d to word processing on computers. Integrated into our basic syllabus for speaking, listening and reading are regular classes on British life and institutions inducing the legal system, politics and the press. Literary (文學(xué)的 )texts form a part of all courses.Careers and future study The PCE is an int

47、ermediate qualification internationally recognized in commerce, industry and higher education.AdmissionApplication- refer direct to the Language Center, University Brighton, Flamer, Brighton BN 19PH for details and application form.Contact Course leader: Martin Wilson 211-Training Course for FCEInte

48、nded for : _of English to obtain the internationally Recognized First Certificate in English.Skills to be trained: speaking, _ and reading.Teaching aids available: modern _ and _self-access center.Contact person:_.答案與解析1.正確答案：non-native speakers解題要領(lǐng)： 閱讀問題和文章，在原文第一句”This course prepares non-native sp

49、eakers for the internationally recognized First Certificate in English.” 可抓住與此空相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵信息。關(guān)鍵詞為“non-native speakers”。注意要求填的空后有介詞of，由此可判斷要求填入的詞應(yīng)為名詞non-native speakers。2.正確答案：listening解題要領(lǐng): 閱讀問題和文章，在原文第四段開頭“Integrated into our basic syllabus for speaking, listening and reading are”，可以得知答案是listening。3.正確答案

50、：language laboratory解題要領(lǐng):閱讀問題和文章，在原文第二段第四句“Extensive use is made of our modern language laboratory and video self-access center.”可以得知答案是language laboratory. 正確答案：video解題要領(lǐng):閱讀問題和文章，在原文第二段第四句“Extensive use is made of our modern language laboratory and video self-access center.”可以得知答案是video。. 正確答案：Mart

51、in Wilson解題要領(lǐng):閱讀問題和文章，在原文最后一句“Course leader: Martin Wilson 211-”，由題干可判斷出要求填入的是人名，由此得出答案Martin Wilson。填空題的解題技巧1采用“先閱讀問題，后游覽全文”，帶著問題，按圖索驥，目的明確，答題準(zhǔn)確；2仔細(xì)閱讀文章概要中所給出的文字材料，抓住關(guān)鍵信息；3A級(jí)考試中，該題最簡(jiǎn)單的一種題目可從所給文章中直接找出答案；4有些題目需找出句子的主干，將原文轉(zhuǎn)述，其答案仍是原文中出現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵詞語；5聚焦填空處，環(huán)顧左右搭配詞。根據(jù)短文意思或上下文語境決定填什么詞看是否有需要改變?cè)~性或詞形；6答題時(shí)要根據(jù)字?jǐn)?shù)要求、冠詞

52、、人稱轉(zhuǎn)化等進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的調(diào)整后給出答案。3匹配題（Task ）此題型分別給出一組英文詞匯或?qū)I(yè)術(shù)語，和一組相應(yīng)的中文詞匯或?qū)I(yè)術(shù)語，要求考生閱讀兩組詞匯后完成中英文詞匯的匹配。本題常用的語料為商務(wù)用語/書籍目錄/公共設(shè)施或機(jī)構(gòu)名稱。該題型的難度相對(duì)而言偏小，考生在此題上失分較少。示例：Directions: The following is part of the contents of the book. After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to those given in Chinese in th

53、e table below. Then you should put the corresponding letters in the brackets on the Answer sheet.A- marketing: a focus on the consumeB-marketing in the organization: an overviewC- the changing marketing environmentD- ethics and social responsibility in marketingE- consumer behaviorF-collecting and u

54、sing marketing informationG- market segmentation, targeting, and positioningH-developing new productsI- marketing channels and wholesaling J- physical distributionK-retailingL-sales promotionM-advertisingN- the planning phaseO- international marketingP- marketing of servicesExample : ( K ) 零售1（）企業(yè)營銷

55、概述 （） 廣告2（） 新產(chǎn)品開發(fā) （） 促銷3（）市場(chǎng)信息的采集與運(yùn)用 （）營銷的職業(yè)道德與社會(huì)責(zé)4（）勞務(wù)的營銷 （） 批發(fā)與銷售渠道5（）市場(chǎng)的分割、目標(biāo)與定位 （）商品配送正確答案：1（）（）（）（）（）（）（）（）（）（）參考譯文：A- 營銷; 以消費(fèi)者為目標(biāo) B-企業(yè)營銷概述C- 變化的營銷環(huán)境D-營銷的職業(yè)道德與社會(huì)責(zé)E- 消費(fèi)者行為F-市場(chǎng)信息的采集與運(yùn)用 G-市場(chǎng)的分割、目標(biāo)與定位H-新產(chǎn)品開發(fā) I-批發(fā)與銷售渠道J-商品配送K-零售L-促銷M-廣告N- 計(jì)劃階段O- 國際營銷P-勞務(wù)的營銷 解題要領(lǐng):本題詞匯是關(guān)于營銷課營銷程的，盡量應(yīng)用營銷繁榮了解及目前所有的詞匯來猜測(cè)， 使用排除法，遵循先易后難的原則。匹配題答題技巧歸納如下：1仔細(xì)讀題，審