《2000通則》中的E組、F組和C組貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)

1、第二章第二章2000通則通則中的中的E組、組、F組和組和C組貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)組貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ) 本章重點(diǎn)：FOB術(shù)語(yǔ)、CFR術(shù)語(yǔ)和CIF術(shù)語(yǔ)的含義及應(yīng)用。 注意本章知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)及記憶方法 案例：某年4月在廣交會(huì)上汕頭市B出口公司與香港A進(jìn)口商簽訂了一份出口跑步衫3000打的合同。合同規(guī)定每打15美元EXW汕頭，紙箱裝，6月15日之前交貨，支付方式為經(jīng)支付方式為經(jīng)A驗(yàn)貨合格后電匯。驗(yàn)貨合格后電匯。6月9日B通知A商貨已備妥速來(lái)驗(yàn)收。6月10日港商A派代表來(lái)汕頭，由B陪同赴汕頭市某服裝廠(以下簡(jiǎn)稱C)驗(yàn)貨。11日該批貨全部驗(yàn)收合格后并在港商代表的監(jiān)督指導(dǎo)下，按照港商出具的嘜頭一一裝箱刷嘜。隨即該代表向港商A發(fā)出電傳

2、，稱貨已驗(yàn)收刷嘜完畢，B方等貨款匯到后即可提供商業(yè)發(fā)票和其他有關(guān)的單證。12日B方收到A商匯來(lái)的貨款45000美元，隨即B方將有關(guān)票證交付港方代表。這時(shí)該代表向B提出貨物暫放C廠，等其與汕頭某貨運(yùn)代理聯(lián)系集裝箱和出口報(bào)關(guān)事宜妥當(dāng)后便來(lái)工廠提貨。B當(dāng)即與C廠聯(lián)系，C回答該批貨物已單獨(dú)存放，隨時(shí)可供提取。13日下午港方代表來(lái)電話稱，貨代要到14日上午才能安排車來(lái)C廠拉貨。不料在14日凌晨C廠因隔壁一家化工廠爆炸，致使C廠突遭火災(zāi)火災(zāi)。全部廠房及物資均化為烏有。港商聞?dòng)嵑罅⒓磥?lái)汕頭要求B退還貨款，理由是他并未提貨，貨物被焚應(yīng)由B方負(fù)責(zé)。B拒不同意，理由是著火屬人力不抗力，而且他已按時(shí)履行了交貨手續(xù)，

3、該損失應(yīng)由A方自己承擔(dān)。A卻認(rèn)為C工廠并未開具貨物出廠證，貨物所有權(quán)仍在B方。雙方各執(zhí)一詞，最后港商A向汕頭市人民法院控告B方未履行交貨義務(wù)，理應(yīng)承擔(dān)退還貨款的責(zé)任。請(qǐng)問(wèn)： B是否應(yīng)退還貨款？第一節(jié) E組貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ) EXW（Ex Works ,工廠交貨）（指定地點(diǎn)） EX WORKS(named place) means that the seller delivers when he places the goods at the disposal of the buyer at the sellers premises or another named place not cleared f

4、or export and not loaded on any collecting vehicle. “工廠交貨（指定地點(diǎn)）”是指當(dāng)賣方在其所在地或其他指定的地點(diǎn)（如工場(chǎng)、工廠或倉(cāng)庫(kù)）將貨物交給買方處置時(shí)，即完成交貨，賣方不辦理出口清關(guān)手續(xù)或?qū)⒇浳镅b上任何運(yùn)輸工具。1、雙方義務(wù)、雙方義務(wù)A1 Provision of goods in conformity with the contractThe seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice, or its equivalent electronic message, in

5、 conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity which may be required by the contract.A1提供符合合同規(guī)定的貨物提供符合合同規(guī)定的貨物賣方必須提供符合銷售合同規(guī)定的貨物和商業(yè)發(fā)票或有同等作用的電子訊息，以及合同可能要求的、證明貨物符合合同規(guī)定的其他任何憑證。B1 Payment of the priceThe buyer must pay the price as provided in the contract of sale.B1支付價(jià)款支付價(jià)款買方必

6、須按照銷售合同規(guī)定支付價(jià)款。A2 Licences, authorisations and formalitiesThe seller must render the buyer, at the latters request, risk and expense, every assistance in obtaining, where applicable, any export licence or other official authorisation necessary for the export of the goods.A2許可證、其他許可和手續(xù)許可證、其他許可和手續(xù)應(yīng)買方要求

7、并由其承當(dāng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和費(fèi)用，在需要辦理海關(guān)手續(xù)時(shí)，賣方必須給予買方一切協(xié)助，以幫助買方取得為貨物出口所需的出口許可證或其他官方許可。B2 Licences, authorisations and formalitiesThe buyer must obtain at his own risk and expense any export and import licence or other official authorisation and carry out, where applicable, all customs formalities for the export of the goo

8、ds.B2許可證、其他許可和手續(xù)許可證、其他許可和手續(xù)買方必須自擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和費(fèi)用，取得任何出口和進(jìn)口許可證或其他官方許可，在需要辦理海關(guān)手續(xù)時(shí)，并辦理貨物出口的一切海關(guān)手續(xù)。A3 Contracts of carriage and insurancea) Contract of carriageNo obligation.b) Contract of insuranceNo obligationB3 Contracts of carriage and insurancea) Contract of carriageNo obligationb) Contract of insuranceNo ob

9、ligationA4 Delivery(重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn))The seller must place the goods at the disposal of the buyer at the named place of delivery, not loaded on any collecting vehicle, on the date or within the period agreed or, if no such time is agreed, at the usual time for delivery of such goods. If no specific point

10、has been agreed within the named place, and if there are several points available, the seller may select the point at the place of delivery which best suits his purpose.A4交貨交貨賣方必須按照合同約定的日期或期限，或如果未約定日期或期限，按照交付此類貨物的慣常時(shí)間，在指定的地點(diǎn)將未置于任何運(yùn)輸車輛上的貨物交給買方處置。若在指定的地點(diǎn)內(nèi)未約定具體交貨點(diǎn)，或有若干個(gè)交貨點(diǎn)可使用，則賣方可在交貨地點(diǎn)中選擇最適合其目的的交貨點(diǎn)。B4

11、Taking deliveryThe buyer must take delivery of the goods when they have been delivered in accordance with A4 and A7/B7.B4受領(lǐng)貨物受領(lǐng)貨物買方必須在賣方按照A4和A7/B7規(guī)定交貨時(shí)受領(lǐng)貨物。A5 Transfer of risksThe seller must, subject to the provisions of B5, bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods until such time as they h

12、ave been delivered in accordance with A4.A5風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移除B5規(guī)定者外，賣方必須承當(dāng)貨物滅失或損壞的一切風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，直至已經(jīng)按照A4規(guī)定交貨為止。B5 Transfer of risks (重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn))The buyer must bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the time they have been delivered in accordance with A4;and from the agreed date or the expiry date of an

13、y period fixed for taking delivery which arise because he fails to give notice in accordance with B7, provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods. (特定化特定化 Specialization) B5風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移買方必須按

14、照下述規(guī)定承當(dāng)貨物滅失或損壞的一切風(fēng)險(xiǎn)：自按照A4規(guī)定交貨之時(shí)起；及由于買方未能按照B7規(guī)定通知賣方，則自約定的交貨日期或交貨期限屆滿之日起，但以該項(xiàng)貨物已正式劃歸合同項(xiàng)下，即清楚地劃出或以其他方式確定為合同項(xiàng)下之貨物為限。 (特定化特定化 Specialization) A6 Division of costsThe seller must, subject to the provisions of B6, pay all costs relating to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in accordance

15、 with A4.A6 費(fèi)用劃分費(fèi)用劃分除B6規(guī)定者外，賣方必須負(fù)擔(dān)與貨物有關(guān)的一切費(fèi)用，直到已經(jīng)按照A4規(guī)定交貨為止。B6 Division of costsThe buyer must pay all costs relating to the goods from the time they have been delivered in accordance with A4;and any additional costs incurred by failing either to take delivery of the goods when they have been placed

16、 at his disposal, or to give appropriate notice in accordance with B7 provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods; 買方必須支付自按照A4規(guī)定交貨之時(shí)起與貨物有關(guān)的一切費(fèi)用；及在貨物交給買方處置而買方未受領(lǐng)貨物或未按照B7規(guī)定給予賣方相應(yīng)通知而發(fā)生的任何額

17、外費(fèi)用，但以該項(xiàng)貨物已正式劃歸合同項(xiàng)下，即清楚地劃出或以其他方式確定為合同項(xiàng)下之貨物為限；and where applicable, all duties, taxes and other charges as well as the costs of carrying out customs formalities payable upon export. The buyer must reimburse all costs and charges incurred by the seller in rendering assistance in accordance with A2.及在需

18、要辦理海關(guān)手續(xù)時(shí)，貨物出口應(yīng)交納的一切關(guān)稅、稅款和其他費(fèi)用，以及辦理海關(guān)手續(xù)的費(fèi)用。買方必須償付賣方按照A2規(guī)定給予協(xié)助時(shí)所發(fā)生的一切費(fèi)用。A7 Notice to the buyerThe seller must give the buyer sufficient notice as to when and where the goods will be placed at his disposal.A7通知買方通知買方賣方必須給予買方有關(guān)貨物將于何時(shí)何地交給買方處置的充分通知。B7 Notice to the sellerThe buyer must, whenever he is ent

19、itled to determine the time within an agreed period and/or the place of taking delivery, give the seller sufficient notice thereof.B7通知賣方通知賣方一旦買方有權(quán)確定在約定的期限內(nèi)受領(lǐng)貨物的具體時(shí)間和/或地點(diǎn)時(shí)，買方必須就此給予賣方充分通知。A8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic messageNo obligationA8 交貨憑證、運(yùn)輸單據(jù)或有同等作用的電子訊息交貨憑證

20、、運(yùn)輸單據(jù)或有同等作用的電子訊息無(wú)義務(wù)。B8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic messageThe buyer must provide the seller with appropriate evidence of having taken delivery.B8 交貨憑證、運(yùn)輸單據(jù)或有同等作用的電子訊息交貨憑證、運(yùn)輸單據(jù)或有同等作用的電子訊息買方必須向賣方提供已受領(lǐng)貨物的適當(dāng)憑證。A9查對(duì)、包裝、標(biāo)記查對(duì)、包裝、標(biāo)記賣方必須支付為了將貨物交給買方處置所需進(jìn)行的查對(duì)費(fèi)用（如查對(duì)貨物品質(zhì)、丈量、過(guò)磅、

21、點(diǎn)數(shù)的費(fèi)用）。賣方必須自付費(fèi)用提供按照賣方在訂立合同前已知的有關(guān)該貨物運(yùn)輸（如運(yùn)輸方式、目的地）所要求的包裝（除非按照相關(guān)行業(yè)慣例，合同所指貨物通常無(wú)需包裝）。包裝應(yīng)作適當(dāng)標(biāo)記。B9貨物檢驗(yàn)貨物檢驗(yàn)買方必須支付任何裝運(yùn)前檢驗(yàn)的費(fèi)用，包括出口國(guó)有關(guān)當(dāng)局強(qiáng)制進(jìn)行的檢驗(yàn)。A10 其他義務(wù)其他義務(wù)應(yīng)買方要求并由其承當(dāng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和費(fèi)用，賣方必須給予買方一切協(xié)助，以幫助其取得由交貨地國(guó)和/或原產(chǎn)地國(guó)所簽發(fā)或傳送的為買方出口和/或進(jìn)口貨物可能要求的和必要時(shí)從他國(guó)過(guò)境所需要的任何單據(jù)或有同等作用的電子訊息。應(yīng)買方要求，賣方必須向買方提供投保所需的信息。B10 其他義務(wù)其他義務(wù)買方必須支付因取得A10所述單據(jù)或有同等

22、作用的電子訊息而發(fā)生的一切費(fèi)用，并償付賣方給予協(xié)助時(shí)所發(fā)生的費(fèi)用。2、distinguishing features of EXWThis term thus represents the minimum obligation for the seller, and the buyer has to bear all costs and risks involved in taking the goods from the sellers premises. EXW is the price of physical delivery. EXW may be used irrespective

23、of the mode of transport. 特點(diǎn)采用EXW成交，賣方承擔(dān)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、責(zé)任及費(fèi)用都是最 小的，價(jià)格也最低。EXW術(shù)語(yǔ)屬于實(shí)際交貨價(jià)。EXW術(shù)語(yǔ)適用于各種運(yùn)輸方式。3、Notices of using EXW Link-up of vessel and goods；Packing and shipment of goods；About all customs formalities for the export of the goods；采用時(shí)應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題 關(guān)于貨物的交接 關(guān)于裝運(yùn)問(wèn)題 關(guān)于出口手續(xù)問(wèn)題第二章第二章 F F組貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)組貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)F組術(shù)語(yǔ)的共同特點(diǎn)？組術(shù)語(yǔ)的共同特點(diǎn)

24、？ 1、 FCA-FREE CARRIER (named place) The term FCA means the seller delivers the goods, cleared for export, to the carrier nominated by the buyer at the named place. This means that the buyer bears all risks and any costs occurring after the goods have been delivered.“貨交承運(yùn)人（指定地點(diǎn)）”是指賣方只要將貨物在指定的地點(diǎn)交給買方指定

25、的承運(yùn)人，并辦理了出口清關(guān)手續(xù)，即完成交貨。需要說(shuō)明的是，交貨地點(diǎn)的選擇對(duì)于在該地點(diǎn)裝貨和卸貨的義務(wù)會(huì)產(chǎn)生影響。若賣方在其所在地交貨，則賣方應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)裝貨，若賣方在任何其他地點(diǎn)交貨，賣方不負(fù)責(zé)卸貨。1.1 賣買雙方基本責(zé)任 賣方 交貨至買方指定承運(yùn)人 承擔(dān)貨交承運(yùn)人前一切風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和費(fèi)用 辦理出口 提供相應(yīng)單據(jù) 買方 安排自指定地點(diǎn)起運(yùn)輸，承擔(dān)運(yùn)費(fèi)并通知賣方 承擔(dān)貨交承運(yùn)人后一切風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和費(fèi)用 辦理進(jìn)口 支付貨款1.2 使用時(shí)應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題：（1）關(guān)于承運(yùn)人和交貨地點(diǎn) 交貨在以下時(shí)候完成：a）若指定的地點(diǎn)是賣方所在地，則當(dāng)貨物被裝上買方指定的承運(yùn)人或代表買方的其他人提供的運(yùn)輸工具時(shí)；b）若指定的地點(diǎn)是其他任何

26、地點(diǎn)，則當(dāng)貨物在賣方的運(yùn)輸工具上，尚未卸貨而交給買方指定的承運(yùn)人或其他人或由賣方按規(guī)定選定的承運(yùn)人或其他人的處置時(shí)。（2）FCA術(shù)語(yǔ)下風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移問(wèn)題 可能存在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)提前轉(zhuǎn)移的情形； 提前到什么時(shí)間； 提前轉(zhuǎn)移的前提條件；（3）有關(guān)責(zé)任和費(fèi)用的劃分問(wèn)題（4）貨物要與運(yùn)輸工具銜接好 案例 某公司按照FCA條件出口一批商品 ，合同規(guī)定4月份裝運(yùn)。但到了4月28日，仍未見買方關(guān)于承運(yùn)人名稱及有關(guān)事項(xiàng)的通知。在此期間，備作出口的貨物，因火災(zāi)而焚毀。問(wèn)此項(xiàng)貨物應(yīng)由誰(shuí)負(fù)擔(dān)？如果是5月1日哪？ 2、新加坡盧記公司(簡(jiǎn)稱A公司)與中國(guó)騰飛商貿(mào)公司(簡(jiǎn)稱C公司)訂立CIF上海合同，白糖500噸，A公司向保險(xiǎn)公司投保合

27、同價(jià)款加10為保險(xiǎn)金額的一切險(xiǎn)(包括倉(cāng)至倉(cāng)條款)。 為聯(lián)系貨源，A公司與馬來(lái)西亞扎拜(簡(jiǎn)稱B公司)訂立FCA合同，購(gòu)買500噸白糖，合同約定提貨地為B公司所在地。 2000年7月3日，A公司派代理人到B公司所在地提貨，B公司已將白糖裝箱完畢并放置在臨時(shí)敞蓬中，A公司代理人由于人手不夠，要求B公司幫助裝貨，B公司認(rèn)為依國(guó)際慣例，貨物已交A公司代理人照管，自己已履行完應(yīng)盡的合同項(xiàng)下的義務(wù)，故拒絕幫助裝貨。A公司代理人無(wú)奈返回，3日后A公司再次組織人手到B公司所在地提走貨物。但是，在貨物堆放的3天里，因遇濕熱臺(tái)風(fēng)天氣，貨物部分受損，造成10的臟包。A公司將貨物悉數(shù)交與承運(yùn)人，承運(yùn)人發(fā)現(xiàn)存在10的臟包

28、，欲出具不清潔提單，A公司為了取得清潔提單以便順利結(jié)匯，便出具保函，許諾承擔(dān)承運(yùn)人因簽發(fā)清潔提單而產(chǎn)生的一切責(zé)任。承運(yùn)人遂出具了清潔提單，A公司得以順利結(jié)匯，提單和保險(xiǎn)單轉(zhuǎn)移至C公司手中。 7月21日，貨到上海港，C公司檢驗(yàn)出10臟包，遂申請(qǐng)上海海事法院扣留承運(yùn)人船舶并要求追究簽發(fā)不清潔提單責(zé)任。當(dāng)日貨物被卸下，港口管理部門將貨物存放其所屬倉(cāng)庫(kù)中，C公司開始委托他人辦理排港、報(bào)關(guān)和提貨手續(xù)，從7月21日起至7月24日，已陸續(xù)將300噸白糖灌包運(yùn)往各用戶所在地。7月24日晚，港口遭遇特大海潮，未提走的200噸白糖受到浸泡，全部損失。 C公司向保險(xiǎn)公司辦理理賠手續(xù)時(shí)被保險(xiǎn)公司拒絕，理由是C公司已將

29、提單轉(zhuǎn)讓，且港口倉(cāng)庫(kù)就是C公司在目的港的最后倉(cāng)庫(kù)，故保險(xiǎn)責(zé)任已終止。 請(qǐng)問(wèn)： 10的臟包損失由誰(shuí)承擔(dān)？3、我某出口企業(yè)按FCA Shanghai Airport條件向印度A進(jìn)口商出口手表一批，貨價(jià)5萬(wàn)美元，規(guī)定交貨期為8月份，自上?？者\(yùn)至孟買；支付條件：買方憑由孟買XX銀行轉(zhuǎn)交的航空公司空運(yùn)到貨通知即期全額電匯付款。我出口企業(yè)于8月31日將該批手表運(yùn)到上海虹橋機(jī)場(chǎng)交由航空公司收貨并出具航空運(yùn)單。我隨即向印商用電傳發(fā)出裝運(yùn)通知。航空公司于9 月2日將該批手表空運(yùn)到孟買，并將到貨通知連同有關(guān)發(fā)票和航空運(yùn)單送孟買XX銀行。該銀行立即通知印商前來(lái)收取上述到貨通知等單據(jù)并電匯付款。此時(shí)，國(guó)際市場(chǎng)手表價(jià)下

30、跌，印商以我交貨延期，拒絕付款、提貨。我出口企業(yè)則堅(jiān)持對(duì)方必須付雙方爭(zhēng)執(zhí)不下，遂提請(qǐng)仲裁。你認(rèn)為誰(shuí)是誰(shuí)非，應(yīng)如何處理？并說(shuō)明理由。2、FOB Free On Board(named port of shipment) “Free on Board means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the ships rail at the named port of shipment. This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage

31、to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. If the parties do not intend to deliver the goods across the ships rail, the FCA term should he used. 2.1 Obligations A: the sellers obligati

32、ons A1: deliver the goods on board the vessel named by the buyer at the named port of shipment on the date or within the period stipulated and in the manner customary at the port. A2: give the buyer sufficient notice that the goods have been delivered on board, including necessary insurance informat

33、ion A3: obtain at his own risk and expense any export licence or other official authorization. A4: bear all risks of, losses of, or damage to the goods untill such time as they have passed the ships rail at the named port of shipment. A5: provide the buyer at the sellers expense with the commercial

34、invoice as well as clean shipped on board shipping documents in proof of delivery of the goods on board the vessel. B:The buyers obligations B1: Payment of the Price B2: contract at his own expense for the carriage of the goods from the named port of shipment B3: give the seller sufficient notice of

35、 the vessel name, loading port and required delivery time. B4: obtain at his own expense and risk any import licence or other official authorization and carry out all customs formalities for the importation of the goods and where necessary, for their transit through another country. B5: take deliver

36、y of the goods stipulated in the contract. B6: bear all risks of, losses of, or damage to the goods from the time they have passed over the ships rail at the named port of shipment. The buyer must bear all risks of loss or damage to the goods From the time they have passed the ships rail at the name

37、d port of shipment; and from the agreed date or the expiry date of the agreed period for delivery which arise because he fails to give notice in accordance with b7, or because the vessel nominated by him fails to arrive on time , or is unable to take the goods, or closes for cargo earlier than the t

38、ime notified in accordance with b7, provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods.FOB條件下買賣雙方的義務(wù) 當(dāng)事人義務(wù)賣方買方1.基本責(zé)任交貨并通知、移交單據(jù)付款、接單、提貨2.通關(guān)及費(fèi)用辦理出口清關(guān)、支付相關(guān)費(fèi)用辦理進(jìn)口清關(guān)、支付相關(guān)費(fèi)用3.運(yùn)輸及費(fèi)用租船或訂艙并通知、支付運(yùn)費(fèi)4.保險(xiǎn)及

39、費(fèi)用5.風(fēng)險(xiǎn)劃分承擔(dān)貨物越過(guò)裝運(yùn)港船舷之前的一切風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和費(fèi)用承擔(dān)貨物越過(guò)裝運(yùn)港船舷之后的一切風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和費(fèi)用(1) Question about the boundary of risk transfer(2) Linkage between ships and goods under FOB (3) Entrustment of charting and booking(4) Who bear the expenses of loading the cargo FOB Liner Terms （班輪條件）（班輪條件） FOB Under Tackle （吊鉤下交貨）（吊鉤下交貨） FOB Stowe

40、d （理艙費(fèi)在內(nèi)）（理艙費(fèi)在內(nèi)） FOB Trimmed （平艙費(fèi)在內(nèi)）（平艙費(fèi)在內(nèi)） FOB Stowed and Trimmed(5) Different interpretation to this trade term by other specific countryif the buyers want to deliver the goods at the ports of shipment, they should add“Vessel” between FOB and ports name。for example “FOB Vessel New York”。(6) Shippi

41、ng instruction(裝運(yùn)須知） and shipping advice（裝運(yùn)通知）(7) Linkage between sale contract and shipping contract買賣合同規(guī)定買賣合同規(guī)定“FOB Stowed”，運(yùn)輸合同規(guī)定，運(yùn)輸合同規(guī)定“Liner Terms”； Shipping instruction 裝運(yùn)須知Dear sirs, Re:140FCL of Sports Goods series under S/C No.XX, L/C No. XXX. We plan to ship through CMA Shipping Company. P

42、lease ship the goods on or before Sept. 10, 2002 and inform details by fax immediately upon fulfillment of the shipment. The detailed information of the shipping agent are as following: Company name: Hong Yun International Shipping Agency Co.,Ltd. Address: No.328,Yanan Road, Shanghai 200003,China Co

43、ntact person: Mr.Liu Jian Min Tel:021 Fax:021 E-mail:SHIPPING ADVICE 裝運(yùn)通知Dears, Re: 140FCL of Sports Goods series under S/C No.XX, L/C No. XXX.We are very pleased to inform you that the goods have been shipped in shang hai through CMA on Sept.8. Please make insurance of the goods on your side. The s

44、hipping detailed are as follows: S/C No. XX L/C No. XXX Commercial Invoice No. VL02J156 Total Value: USD 56,428.00 B/L No. SHWH100475 Container No. HDMU2127974 Seal No. C056727 Name of the Carrying Vessel:LISBO V011W Destination: Vancouver On board date: Sept. 8,2002 ETD(Shanghai): Sept. 9,2002 ETA(

45、Vancouver): Sept. 30,2002討論討論 在進(jìn)口貿(mào)易中，我方作為進(jìn)口方采用FOB術(shù)語(yǔ)對(duì)我方有利，原因？ 實(shí)踐中，我國(guó)出口貿(mào)易中許多出口商采用FOB術(shù)語(yǔ)，據(jù)有關(guān)統(tǒng)計(jì)約占60%以上。討論：采用FOB術(shù)語(yǔ)出口的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及應(yīng)對(duì)？ 推薦參考資料：期刊網(wǎng)檢索“FOB術(shù)語(yǔ)出口”。作為作業(yè)。推薦閱讀文章推薦閱讀文章FOB貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)下賣方的風(fēng)貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)下賣方的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)綜述和非常情況下的應(yīng)險(xiǎn)綜述和非常情況下的應(yīng)對(duì)方法對(duì)方法對(duì)外經(jīng)貿(mào)實(shí)務(wù)， 2010年5期案案 例例 分分 析析 1、有一份FOB合同，買方已向保險(xiǎn)公司投?！皞}(cāng)至倉(cāng)”條款的一切險(xiǎn)。 貨物從賣方倉(cāng)庫(kù)運(yùn)往裝運(yùn)港碼頭途中，發(fā)生承保范圍內(nèi)的損失，事后賣方以

46、保險(xiǎn)單含有“倉(cāng)至倉(cāng)”條款為理由要求保險(xiǎn)公司賠償?shù)饩芙^，后來(lái)賣方又請(qǐng)買方以買方的名義憑保險(xiǎn)單向保險(xiǎn)公司索賠，但同樣遭到拒絕。請(qǐng)結(jié)合FOB術(shù)語(yǔ)及其他的知識(shí)分析保險(xiǎn)公司拒賠的原因以及此案的教訓(xùn)。2、美國(guó)出口商與韓國(guó)進(jìn)口商簽定了一份FOB合同，合同規(guī)定由賣方出售2000公噸小麥給買方。小麥在裝運(yùn)港裝船時(shí)是混裝的，共裝運(yùn)了5000公噸，準(zhǔn)備在目的地由船公司負(fù)責(zé)分撥2000公噸給買方。但載貨船只在途中遇高溫天氣發(fā)生變質(zhì)，共損失2500公噸。賣方聲稱其出售給買方的2000公噸小麥在運(yùn)輸途中全部損失，并認(rèn)為根據(jù)FOB合同，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)在裝運(yùn)港越過(guò)船舷時(shí)已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)移給買方，故賣方對(duì)損失不負(fù)責(zé)任。買方則要求賣方履行合同。雙

47、方發(fā)生爭(zhēng)議，后將爭(zhēng)議提交仲裁解決。問(wèn)：仲裁機(jī)構(gòu)將如何裁決？3、我西北某市某出口公司于1997年12月向日本出口30噸甘草膏，每噸40箱共1200項(xiàng)，每噸售價(jià)為1800美元，F(xiàn)OB新港，共54000美元，即期信用證，裝運(yùn)期為12月25日，貨物必須裝集裝箱。該出口公司在天津設(shè)有辦事處，于是12月上旬便將貨物運(yùn)往天津，由天津辦事處負(fù)責(zé)定箱裝船，不料貨物在天津存?zhèn)}期間倉(cāng)庫(kù)著火將貨物燒毀，辦事處即通知內(nèi)陸公司總部立即補(bǔ)發(fā)30噸，負(fù)責(zé)無(wú)法按時(shí)裝船，由于該公司貨源不及，只好要求日商將信用證的效期及裝船期各延長(zhǎng)16天。 該案有何教訓(xùn)？4、我國(guó)黑龍江某外貿(mào)公司2004年以FOB條件簽訂了一批皮衣買賣合同，裝船前

48、檢驗(yàn)時(shí)貨物的品質(zhì)良好且符合合同的規(guī)定。貨到目的港后賣方提貨檢驗(yàn)時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)部分皮衣有發(fā)霉現(xiàn)象，經(jīng)調(diào)查確認(rèn)原因是由于包裝不良導(dǎo)致貨物受潮引致，據(jù)此買方向賣方提出索賠要求。但是賣方認(rèn)為貨物在裝船前品質(zhì)是合格的，發(fā)霉在運(yùn)輸途中發(fā)生的，因此拒絕承擔(dān)賠償責(zé)任。對(duì)此爭(zhēng)議應(yīng)作何處理？5、某年某月中國(guó)某地糧油進(jìn)出口公司A與歐洲某國(guó)一商業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)B簽訂出口大米若干噸的合同。該合同規(guī)定:規(guī)格為水分最高20%，雜質(zhì)最高為1%，以中國(guó)商品檢驗(yàn)局的檢驗(yàn)證明為最后依據(jù)。單價(jià)為每公噸美元，F(xiàn)OB中國(guó)某港口，麻袋裝，每袋凈重公斤，買方須于年月派船只接運(yùn)貨物。B并沒有按期派船前來(lái)接運(yùn)，其一直延誤了數(shù)月才派船來(lái)華接貨，當(dāng)大米運(yùn)到目的地后，

49、買方B發(fā)現(xiàn)大米生蟲。于是委托當(dāng)?shù)貦z驗(yàn)機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了檢驗(yàn)，并簽發(fā)了蟲害證明，買方B據(jù)此向賣方A提出索賠20%貨款的損失賠償。當(dāng)A接到對(duì)方的索賠后，不僅拒賠，而且要求對(duì)方B支付延誤時(shí)期A方支付的大米倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)保管費(fèi)及其它費(fèi)用。另外，保存在中國(guó)商品檢驗(yàn)局的檢驗(yàn)貨樣至爭(zhēng)議發(fā)生后仍然完好，未生蟲害。請(qǐng)簡(jiǎn)要回答下列問(wèn)題: 1.A要求B支付延誤時(shí)期的大米倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)保管費(fèi)及其他費(fèi)用能否成立，為什么?2.B的索賠要求能否成立，為什么?3、FAS貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)3.1 FAS(named port of shipment)Free Alongside Ship(named port of shipment) means that the

50、 seller delivers when the goods are placed alongside the vessel at the named port of shipment. This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage to the goods from that point.The FAS requires the seller to clear the goods for export.賣方負(fù)責(zé)將貨物交到約定的裝運(yùn)港買方指派船只的船邊，隨后的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和費(fèi)用皆由買方負(fù)擔(dān)

51、。該術(shù)語(yǔ)適用于海運(yùn)及內(nèi)河水運(yùn)。在通則2000中規(guī)定，在該術(shù)語(yǔ)下由賣方負(fù)責(zé)辦理出口報(bào)關(guān)手續(xù)。 3.2 Notices of using FAS:Notices of using FAS: Different explanation between the Revised American Trade Definitions 1941 and Incoterms 2000； The seller to clear the goods for export； Link-up of vessel and goods；采用時(shí)應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題美國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易定義修訂本和2000通則對(duì) FAS的不同解釋；賣方辦理出

52、口清關(guān)手續(xù)；注意船貨銜接；1、FOB價(jià)格條件按各國(guó)慣例的解釋都是由賣方負(fù)責(zé)申請(qǐng)領(lǐng)取出口許可證和支付出口稅。 （ ）2、如果買方想采用鐵路運(yùn)輸，愿意辦理出口清關(guān)手續(xù)并承擔(dān)其中的費(fèi)用，買方可以采用FCA貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)。（ ）3、買方采用FOB條件進(jìn)口散裝小麥，貨物用程租船運(yùn)輸，若買方不愿承擔(dān)裝船費(fèi)用，可用FOB Stowed變形。（ ）4、按一般慣例，凡是FOB后面未加“理艙”或“平艙”字樣，則由買方負(fù)擔(dān)理艙或平艙費(fèi)用。（ ） 5、采用FOB貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)的各種變形是為了解決買賣雙方在卸貨費(fèi)用上的負(fù)擔(dān)問(wèn)題。（ ）6、我方按FOB舊金山從美國(guó)購(gòu)進(jìn)一批小麥，賣方應(yīng)將貨物裝到舊金山港口的船上。（ ）第三節(jié) C組術(shù)語(yǔ)

53、C組的共同特點(diǎn)？1、CIF（Cost Insurance and Freight Named port of destination）成本、保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)加運(yùn)費(fèi)（.指定目的港 ）1.1 “Cost, Insurance and Freight means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the ships rail in the port of shipment.Under the CIF term, the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods t

54、o a named port of destination, and must also procure marine insurance against the buyers risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage.CIF Boston ； CIF TORONTO1.2 obligationsA: the sellers obligationsProvide the goods in conformity with the contract of sale and give the buyer sufficient

55、 noticeObtain at his own risk and expenses any export licenceor other official authorizationTake the responsibility of charting or bookingTake the responsibility to effect insuranceBear all costs and risks of the goods until such time as theyHave passed the ships rail at the port of shipmentProvide

56、commercial invoice, insurance policy and shipping documentsB: the buyers obligationsPay the price as provided in the contract of saleObtain at his own risk and expenses any import licenceor other official authorisationBear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the time they have Passed th

57、e ships rail at the port of shipmentAccept delivery of the goods when they have been delivered in accordance with the contract of saleAccept the documents in accordance with the contract of saleSellerBuyerCY CFS倉(cāng)庫(kù)碼頭碼頭倉(cāng)庫(kù)就倉(cāng)至倉(cāng)條款比較CIF FOB的保險(xiǎn)義務(wù)思考：內(nèi)陸企業(yè)采用CIF術(shù)語(yǔ)出口的不利之處不能盡早地完成交貨；不能盡早地轉(zhuǎn)移風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；不能盡早地交單結(jié)匯；CIF條件下買賣雙方

58、的義務(wù) 當(dāng)事人義務(wù)賣方買方1.基本責(zé)任交貨并通知、移交單據(jù)付款、接單、提貨2.通關(guān)及費(fèi)用辦理出口清關(guān)、支付相關(guān)費(fèi)用辦理進(jìn)口清關(guān)、支付相關(guān)費(fèi)用3.運(yùn)輸及費(fèi)用租船或訂艙、支付運(yùn)費(fèi)4.保險(xiǎn)及費(fèi)用辦理保險(xiǎn)、支付保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)5.風(fēng)險(xiǎn)劃分承擔(dān)貨物越過(guò)裝運(yùn)港船舷之前的一切風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和費(fèi)用承擔(dān)貨物越過(guò)裝運(yùn)港船舷之后的一切風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和費(fèi)用 1.3 Pay attention to the following issues when using CIF (1) CIF Contract is a “Shipping Contract” (2) The sellers responsibility for charting or b

59、ooking (3) The sellers responsibility to effect insurance (4) Boundary of risk transfer (5) Documents transaction or symbolic delivery (6) Who bear the unloading charges CIF Liner terms CIF ex ships hold（艙底交接） CIF landed（賣方承擔(dān)卸到岸上的各種費(fèi)用，包括駁船費(fèi)和碼頭捐） CIF ex tackle （賣方負(fù)擔(dān)自艙底吊起至船吊可及之處的費(fèi)用）不改變風(fēng)險(xiǎn)劃分 Reasons why

60、 CIF is usually used in export in our country 案例： 1、我某出口企業(yè)與某外商按CIF某港口、即期信用證方式付款的條件達(dá)成交易，出口合同和收到的信用證均規(guī)定不準(zhǔn)轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)。我方在信用證有效期內(nèi)將貨物裝上直駛目的港的班輪，并以直運(yùn)提單辦理了議付，國(guó)外開證行也憑議付行提交的直運(yùn)提單付了款。承運(yùn)船只駛離我國(guó)途經(jīng)某港時(shí)，船公司為接載其他貨物，擅自將我方托運(yùn)的貨物卸下，換裝其他船舶繼續(xù)運(yùn)往目的港。由于中途耽擱，加上換裝的船舶設(shè)備陳舊，使抵達(dá)目的港的時(shí)間比正常直運(yùn)船的抵達(dá)時(shí)間晚了兩個(gè)多月，影響了買方對(duì)貨物的使用。為此，買方向我出口企業(yè)提出索賠，理由是我方提交的是直運(yùn)