高考英語語法填空--1冠詞

1、第一集語法填空核心考點考點突破                  冠詞  與名詞共生共存  【考向聚焦】        冠詞是虛詞，本身不能單獨使用，也沒有詞義，常放在名詞前面幫助說明名詞的含義。冠詞分為不定冠詞a，an和定冠詞the兩種?？v觀近三年高考題可知，冠詞一直是必考內(nèi)容。其考查的重點主要有

2、：冠詞的基本用法；在固定結(jié)構(gòu)中和具體語境中的用法；冠詞的特殊用法；冠詞在句子中的位置。對應(yīng)學生用書P1用適當?shù)墓谠~填空1(2013福建，21)The “Chinese Dream” is _ dream to improve people's wellbeing and _ dream of harmony，peace and development.解析考查冠詞。根據(jù)句意，中國夢是一個的夢和一個的夢，可知，兩空都用不定冠詞a。答案a；a2(2013江西，32)Animals are obviously _ lower form of life than _ man.解析考查冠詞。第一

3、空表示“一種生命的形式”；第二空man表“人類”，不用冠詞。答案a；不填3(2013山東，22)It was_cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across_night sky.解析考查冠詞用法。第一空“一個寒冷的冬夜”，應(yīng)用不定冠詞a；第二空“夜空”，指獨一無二的事物用定冠詞the。答案a；the4(2013江西，19)Marco Polo is said to have sailed on _ Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in _ thirteenth century.解析考查冠詞。

4、第一空指獨一無二的事物用the；第二空為固定短語，表示在多少世紀“in theth century”，需加定冠詞。答案the；the5(2013浙江，15)People develop _ preference for a particular style of learning at _ early age and these preferences affect learning.解析考查冠詞。短語a preference for.意為“對的偏好”；at an early age意為“在年紀很小時”，故均填不定冠詞。答案a；an6(2013重慶，32)The parents were sh

5、ocked by _ news that their son needed _ operation on his knee.解析考查冠詞。第一空news后帶有that引導的同位語從句，故應(yīng)該特指；第二空譯為“他們的兒子需要做一個手術(shù)”，使用不定冠詞。答案the；an7(2012新課標全國)Sarah looked at _ finished painting with _ satisfaction.解析考查冠詞的用法。句意：Sarah滿意地看著那幅完工的油畫。根據(jù)painting前的修飾成分finished可知是特指那幅畫；后一個空格后的satisfaction是抽象名詞并且表示泛指，不用冠詞

6、。答案the；不填8(2012安徽)Carl is studying _ food science at college and hopes to open up _ meat processing factory of his own one day.解析考查冠詞。句意：卡爾正在大學學習食品科學，他希望有一天能夠開辦一家自己的肉類加工廠。第一空，food science意為“食品科學”，為表示抽象概念的名詞，其前不應(yīng)用冠詞。第二空，中心詞為factory，為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)句意可知此處表示泛指，故用不定冠詞a。答案不填；a9(2011山東)Take your timeit's just

7、 _ short distance from here to _ restaurant.解析考查冠詞。句意：不用急，從這里到飯店只有一小段距離。a short distance表示“一小段距離”；由語境可知restaurant指雙方都知道的那個飯店，所以用定冠詞the。答案a；the10(2011浙江)Experts think that _ recently discovered painting may be _ Picasso.解析考查冠詞的用法。第一空表示“那幅最近發(fā)現(xiàn)的畫”，是特指概念，用定冠詞the；第二空表示“一幅畢加索的畫”，故用不定冠詞a。答案the；a自查自糾表題號

8、0;1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 得分考點           正誤           思考 我的盲點： 我將_。  對應(yīng)學生用書P2 不定冠詞的用法【典例1】 We can never expect _ bluer

9、 sky unless we create _ less polluted world.(2009安徽)解析兩個空都是不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指，所以都用不定冠詞。句意：如果我們不創(chuàng)造一個環(huán)境污染更少的世界，我們就永遠不能期望擁有一片更藍的天空。答案a；a【典例2】 It is generally accepted that _ boy must learn to stand up and fight like _ man.(2011全國)解析句意：人們普遍認為男孩子就該學會站起來像男人一樣去奮斗?？疾楣谠~。boy和man均為可數(shù)名詞，都是泛指，故前面應(yīng)該用不定冠詞。答案a；a【典例3】 First

10、impressions are the most lasting.After all，you never get _ second chance to make _ first impression.(2010北京)解析第一空修飾限定chance用不定冠詞，a second表示“又一次”，“再一次”。第二空修飾impression，泛指，所以用不定冠詞。答案a；a【典例4】 Being able to afford _ drink would be _ comfort in those tough times.(2012山東)解析考查冠詞。第一空，drink前應(yīng)用不定冠詞，表示“一杯飲料”；第

11、二空，comfort前面加不定冠詞，表示“一個給人安慰的物品”，所以兩個空都要用不定冠詞。答案a；a 1I don't think the experiment is _ failure.At least we have gained _ experience for future.解析failure意為“失敗的事”，表示抽象名詞具體化，故第一個空填不定冠詞a；experience意為“經(jīng)驗”，是不可數(shù)名詞，故前面不填冠詞。答案a；不填2Italy is _ most attractive European country and how I wish I would go

12、there for_ second time.解析考查冠詞的用法。第一個空后的most不是構(gòu)成最高級，而是“非常，很，十分”的意思，因此前面用不定冠詞，a most attractive European country意為“一個非常迷人的歐洲國家”；第二個空表示“又一，再一”，所以序數(shù)詞前應(yīng)用不定冠詞。答案a；a3I don't know who invented _ telephone，but it's really _ most wonderful invention.解析the telephone特指電話這類事物；a most wonderful invention意為

13、“一項非常奇妙的發(fā)明”。答案the；a4George couldn't remember when he first met Mr.Anderson，but he was sure it was _ Sunday because everybody was at _ church.解析一個星期天表述為a Sunday，be at church意為“在做禮拜”，不用冠詞。答案a；不填 不定冠詞的用法泛指單數(shù)和首提，某個/每個/又一個；物質(zhì)名詞具體化，相同還是抽象詞；三餐四季有修飾，感嘆句中有名單。泛指的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前和首次提到的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前；表示又一個，某一個(a secon

14、d；a certain.)具體化的物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞前(a success，a surprise.)有修飾詞的三餐和四季前(a wonderful supper，a warm winter)感嘆句中有單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。(How lovely a girl！) 定冠詞的用法【典例5】 As is known to all，_ People's Republic of China is _ biggest developing country in the world.(2011陜西)解析句意：眾所周知，中華人民共和國是世界上最大的發(fā)展中國家?？疾楣谠~。People's Re

15、public of China“中華人民共和國”是由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞，前面通常用定冠詞；第二空后是形容詞的最高級形式，故用定冠詞。答案the；the【典例6】 I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting.It is not your fault.With _ rushhour traffic and _ heavy rain，it is no wonder you were late.解析由句意可知，traffic和rain均為特指，故應(yīng)加定冠詞。答案the；the【典例7】 What I need is _ book that con

16、tains _ ABC of oil painting.解析句意：我所需要的是一本含有油畫基礎(chǔ)知識的書。第一個空表泛指，應(yīng)用不定冠詞；第二個空后有of oil painting修飾，表特指，應(yīng)用定冠詞。答案a；the【典例8】 The biggest whale is _ blue whale，which grows to be about 29 meters longthe height of _ 9story building.解析the blue whale特指“藍鯨”這類動物；第二個空表泛指，a 9story building意為“一座9層高的大樓”。答案the；a 5Oba

17、ma has been elected _ first black President of the United States，and the international society expects to have _ new USA under his leadership.解析第一個空表示順序，所以序數(shù)詞first前應(yīng)填定冠詞the，第二個空表示地點的專有名詞USA前有形容詞new修飾，故用不定冠詞來限定。答案the；a6_ China's growth is not _ threat to others.On _ contrary，it will bring more op

18、portunities to the world.解析句意：中國的發(fā)展不是對別的國家的一個威脅。相反，它會給世界帶來更多的機遇。China(中國)屬于專有名詞，故與零冠詞連用；threat(對別人構(gòu)成威脅的人或物)為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，表泛指，故第二空用不定冠詞；on the contrary固定搭配，故用定冠詞。on the contrary是固定短語，China為專有名詞，不與冠詞連用。答案不填；a；the7Last Sunday，we took _ guided walk around by _ signs of the famous town.解析take a walk為習慣用法，故第一空用

19、不定冠詞；第二空特指那個著名城鎮(zhèn)里的指示牌，故用定冠詞。答案a；the8Eggs are sold by _ dozen while the meat is charged by _ weight.解析第一個空表示“bythe計量單位名詞”；第二個空為固定短語by weight意為“按重量”。句意：雞蛋按打出售，而肉按重量出售。答案the；不填 定冠詞的用法(口訣)特指雙熟悉，上文已提及；世上獨無二，序數(shù)最高級；某些專有名，習語和樂器。特指某些人或事物；談話雙方都熟悉的人或事物；上文已經(jīng)提到的人或事物；世界上獨一無二的事物前；序數(shù)詞、形容詞的最高級前；某些專有名詞前；一些習慣短語(如

20、in the day等)中和西洋樂器名詞前(如：play the piano) 零冠詞的用法【典例9】 Sam has been appointed _ manager of the engineering department to take _ place of George.(2012重慶)解析句意：山姆被任命為工程部經(jīng)理，取代了喬治。表示頭銜或職位的名詞作補語和同位語時，前面不用冠詞；take the place of是固定短語，意為“代替”，“取代”。答案不填；the【典例10】 Some people fear that _ air pollution may bring

21、 about changes in _ weather around the world.(2009江西)解析第一個空后的air pollution是不可數(shù)名詞，而且是泛指，所以不需要填任何冠詞；第二個空后的weather被around the world修飾，所以weather前需要加定冠詞the。答案不填；the【典例11】 It's _ good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them _ pleasure.解析考查冠詞。句意：去上海欣賞世博會帶給人們快樂，這是一個非常好的感覺。fe

22、eling作為感覺講為可數(shù)名詞。pleasure作為快樂、歡樂講為不可數(shù)名詞。答案a；不填【典例12】 Many lifestyle patterns do such _ great harm to health that they actually speed up _ weakening of the human body.解析考查冠詞。句意：許多生活方式對人類的健康有害，他們加速了人類身體的衰退。do harm to表示“對有害”，中間無需冠詞；the weakening of the human body特指人體的衰弱。答案不填；the 9Dr.Peter Spence，_

23、headmaster of the school，told us，“_ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”解析句意：這所學校的校長Peter Spence博士告訴我們：“這里五分之一的學生都繼續(xù)到牛津或者劍橋?qū)W習?！笨疾楣谠~。第一空后的名詞headmaster是職務(wù)的稱呼，其前不加冠詞；第二空是分數(shù)的表達，用a/one fifth表示“五分之一”。答案不填；A10The bus to the Forbidden City runs on _ hour by _ hour.解析句意：去紫禁城的公交車按小時整點

24、發(fā)車。on the hour“整點”，by the hour“按小時計算”。答案the；the11The development of industry has been _ gradual process throughout _ human existence，from stone tools to modern technology.答案a；不填12The Smiths don't usually like staying at _ hotels，but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by _ sea

25、.答案不填；the 不用冠詞的情況口訣下列情況應(yīng)免冠，代詞限定名詞前：專有名詞表泛指，學科球類三餐前；復數(shù)名詞表泛指，兩節(jié)星期月份前；顏色語種和國名，稱呼習語及頭銜。以上口訣主要概括了一般應(yīng)對“免冠”的幾種情況，即：名詞前已有作定語的this，that，some，my等限定詞；泛指的專有名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前；表示學科的(如English，maths，physics)等名詞前；球類運動的名詞前及三餐總稱前；復數(shù)名詞表示泛指(一類人或事物)時；節(jié)日、季節(jié)、星期、月份前；表示顏色(如：It's red/yellow)、語種(如：speak English/Japanese)和國家的非

26、全稱名詞(如：We live in China.They come from America.)前；在稱呼或表示頭銜的名詞前；某些習慣短語中(如：in bed，go to school等)。 對應(yīng)學生用書P4用適當?shù)墓谠~填空1(2013鄭州一模)_ M(m)oney plays an important role in _ material world.But you can't expect it to give you real happiness.解析句意：錢在物質(zhì)世界中扮演著重要的角色，但是你不能期望它給你帶來真正的快樂。第一空表泛指，不用冠詞；第二個空表特指，用定冠

27、詞，the material world表示“物質(zhì)世界”。答案不填；the2(2013西城一模)My friend's birthday is coming soon.I would like to go to _ store，or some places close by to buy him _ present.解析go to the store意為“去商店”，為固定短語，故第一空用the；“給他買一份禮物”，為泛指意義，因此第二空使用不定冠詞。答案the；a3(2013聊城一模)How did you do in your essay?I got _ okay grade，but

28、 Mr.Jones gave Sarah top marks.She's _ teacher's pet，you know.解析第一空okay前面應(yīng)用an表示“一個相當好的分數(shù)”；第二空表示“她是老師的寵兒”，表示泛指，故用a。答案an；a4(2013邯鄲一模)It is said that _ wool produced in Australia is of _ high quality.解析句意：據(jù)說澳大利亞產(chǎn)的羊毛質(zhì)量很好?！皃roduced in Australia”是后置定語，所以前一個空格用the表示特指；后一個空格處是“be of抽象名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，名詞前不用冠詞。答

29、案the；不填5(2013濟寧一模)Which of the twin brothers is easier to get on with?_ younger one.He is _ most humorous man.解析根據(jù)句意可知，“_ younger one”特指雙胞胎中較小的那一個，故第一空用定冠詞the；“_ most humorous man”泛指一個非常幽默的人，故第二空用不定冠詞a，most在此為副詞，意為“很，非?！薄４鸢窽he；a6(2013合肥一中二模)I don't know who invented _ iphone，but I think it is _

30、useful invention.解析句意：我不知道是誰發(fā)明了iphone，但是我認為它是一個有用的發(fā)明。前一空是類指，用定冠詞；后一個空格是泛指，表示“一個，一種”。答案the；a7(2013南陽兩校聯(lián)考)Keeping a diary is _ good habit，by which you'll make _ great progress in writing.解析句意：寫日記是一種好習慣，通過它你將在寫作上取得很大進步。第一空habit是可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)句意可知此處表示泛指“一種好習慣”，應(yīng)用不定冠詞。第二空progress為不可數(shù)名詞，前面不用冠詞，make progress意

31、為“取得進步”。答案a；不填8(2013咸陽二模)Have you seen _ pen？I left it here this morning.Is it _ black one？I found it in the corner.解析第一次提到某物用不定冠詞，所以第一空填a；根據(jù)I found it in the corner這一信息，它表明說話者是拿著筆在與對方說話，故表特指，所以第二空填the。答案a；the9(2013昆明二模)The operation is _ success and the patient is now out of _ danger.解析句意：這次手術(shù)是成功的并且現(xiàn)在病人已脫離了危險。第一空屬