高中英語(yǔ)虛擬語(yǔ)氣詳解及練習(xí)含復(fù)習(xí)資料

1、虛擬語(yǔ)氣第一節(jié)語(yǔ)氣英語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞一般可帶有三種不同的語(yǔ)氣：陳述語(yǔ)氣（Indicative Mood）,祈使語(yǔ)氣（ImperativeMood）和虛擬語(yǔ)氣（Subjunctive Mood）。不同的語(yǔ)氣用動(dòng)詞的不同形式（有的還借助句法形式） 來(lái)表示。第二節(jié)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的概念虛擬語(yǔ)氣是一種特殊的動(dòng)詞形式， 一是用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人所說(shuō)的話不是一個(gè)事實(shí)，而是一種 假設(shè)、猜測(cè)、懷疑等（在條件從句中或讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中）；一是表示說(shuō)話人的愿望、要求、命令、 建議等（在賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句）。第三節(jié)虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中虛擬條件句主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假 設(shè)If+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（動(dòng)詞be用 were）The pla

2、tform would collapse if all of you stood on it.假如你們都站在上面，這個(gè) 平臺(tái)就會(huì)塌卜來(lái)的。主語(yǔ)+should,would, might,could + 動(dòng)詞 原形如果魯迅還活著，看到新中國(guó)的偉大成 就他會(huì)多么高興??！與過(guò)去相反的假設(shè)If+主語(yǔ)+had +過(guò)去分詞If the doctor had been availablethe child would have been saved 如果后醫(yī)生在， 這個(gè)小孩就會(huì)得救了。主語(yǔ) + should, would, might, could + have done如果颶風(fēng)發(fā)生在白天，死亡的人數(shù)會(huì)更 多

3、。與將來(lái)相反的假設(shè)1、If+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式2、If+主語(yǔ)+were to+ 動(dòng)詞原形 3、If+主語(yǔ)+should +動(dòng)詞原形I could see the surface of the moon with my own eyes if I were to go to the moor some day.如果有 天我登上了月球， 就能親眼目睹月球的表面是什么樣子 了。主語(yǔ) + should, wouldmight, could + 動(dòng)詞原形如果明天是星期天，我就去看望我奶奶。NOTE:使用虛擬條件句要注意的幾點(diǎn)：1 .當(dāng)條件狀語(yǔ)從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，被稱為：錯(cuò)綜

4、時(shí)問(wèn)條件句：動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整.If you had followed my advice , you would be better now.如果你聽(tīng)我的建議，你現(xiàn)在就會(huì)痊愈了.2 .在條件句中，可省略 if,把were ,had, should提到句首，變?yōu)榈寡b句式.If you had come earlier, you would have met him.Had you come earlier, you would have met him.第四節(jié) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在名詞從句中的運(yùn)用一、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在主語(yǔ)從句中A.在句型 “It is important （neces

5、sary, strange, natural） that.：中，表示某事重要、奇怪、自然、必要等；that后面的從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用：should +動(dòng)詞原形（should可以省略）例如：It' s important that we should take good care of the patient.重要的是我們要照顧好病人。這類的形容詞還有 advisable （可取的），appropriate （適當(dāng)?shù)模?，compulsary （必須的），crucial （關(guān) 鍵的），desirable（理想的），essential（必要的），imperative （迫切的），importa

6、nt（重要的），possible（可能的），preferable （更好的）,probable （可能的）,strange （奇怪的）,urgent （急迫的），vital （極為重要的）等。B. 在 It is demanded/suggested/ordered/required/recommended/requested/required/.that-clause句型中從句用（should ）+動(dòng)詞原型，表示愿望，建議，請(qǐng)求等主觀意愿等。It is demanded that we should work out a plan.C. 在 It is a pity/a shame/ no

7、wonderproposal/recommendation/suggestion/surprise/advice that。.旬 型中從句也常用（should ）+動(dòng)詞原型，表示建議，命令，請(qǐng)求，道歉，懷疑，驚奇等。It' s a pity that you （should） miss a good chance.二、用于賓語(yǔ)從句用于表示命令、建議、要求等一類詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句。insist, suggest order, command, advise, propose, require, request, demand, desire etc.注意：suggest當(dāng)表示 暗示、表明

8、餅時(shí)，insist表示”堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為 之意時(shí)，應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)氣。The teacher suggested that we should clean the blackboard after class.老師建議我們課后把黑板擦了。The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work.他臉上的表情表明他對(duì)我們的工作很滿意.He insisted that all of us be there on time by any means.他堅(jiān)持要求我們大家想盡辦法按時(shí)去那里。The man insisted that he

9、had never stolen the money.那個(gè)人堅(jiān)持說(shuō)他沒(méi)有偷錢.三、用于表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句在 suggestion / proposal / order / plan / advice / idea / request /desire/ recommendation/resolution 等 名詞后的表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)從句中要用should+動(dòng)詞原形" should可以省略.My advice is that you should practice speaking English as often as possible.我的建議是你要盡可能經(jīng)常地練習(xí)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。The su

10、ggestion that the mayor should present the prizes was accepted by everyone.每個(gè)人都接受由市長(zhǎng)頒發(fā)獎(jiǎng)金這一建議。第五節(jié)虛擬語(yǔ)氣在其他從句中1. It is （high / about ） time that從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式或should+動(dòng)詞原形，should不能省IIt's high time we went to the laboratory.該是我們?nèi)?shí)驗(yàn)室的時(shí)候了。2. If only引導(dǎo)的感嘆句 （要是. 該有多好啊；但愿）；2.1 表示與現(xiàn)在或未來(lái)事實(shí)相反的愿望。用過(guò)去時(shí)或would/coul

11、d+動(dòng)詞原形表示；If only you listened to us!要是你聽(tīng)我們的話該多好?。?.2 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的愿望，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。例如：If only I had listened to the doctor s advice!我要是聽(tīng)了醫(yī)生的話就好了。3. would rather, would sooner, would as soon,would prefer + 從句 也常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示寧愿、 但愿之意。這種虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示的不是與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，而是一種尚未實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望3.1 表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況：在上述詞后 +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)。例如：I would rather you l

12、eft today.我寧愿你今天走。I would sooner my daughter attended a public school.但愿我的女兒能上公立學(xué)校。I would prefer he didn't stay here too long.我倒希望他不要在這兒待得太久。3.2 表示過(guò)去的情況，在上述詞后+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去完成時(shí)。例如：I would rather I hadn't seen that film yesterday.我寧愿昨天沒(méi)有看那場(chǎng)電影。4. as if （ as though）看起來(lái) even if （ even though）即使 常用虛擬形式

13、，其構(gòu)成形式與 wish后賓語(yǔ)從句里的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的構(gòu)成形式相同，表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反（從句意上判斷），用過(guò)去式；與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反用過(guò)去完成式（had done） would/could +動(dòng)詞原形。例如：The football fans of act as if they were crazy.那些足球迷們經(jīng)常就像瘋了似的。（act與were發(fā)生在同一時(shí)間平面上）He often talks about London as though he had been there. （had been therte在 talkes 之前） 他常常談起倫敦，就好像他去過(guò)那里似的。She often talk

14、s and talks as if she would never stop. （would never stop于 talks and talks 發(fā)生） 她常常講起來(lái)沒(méi)完沒(méi)了。5. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在in order that,so that,in case , lest, for fear that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句中的應(yīng)用， 從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用"may（might） +動(dòng)詞原形"或"should +動(dòng)詞原形"。在以lest引導(dǎo)的從句中， 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用"should +動(dòng)詞原形"。例如：He took his raincoat with

15、him in case it should rain.他拿上了雨衣以防下雨。He was punished lest heshould makethe same mistake again.他被處以懲罰以免他再犯。He put his coat over the child for fear that he （should） catch cold.他把外套給孩子穿上以防孩子感16.wish后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中，一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示一種不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式為：表現(xiàn)在過(guò)去時(shí)（表示與主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)存在或先于主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞存在的與事實(shí)相反的愿 望）I wish I were a bird.

16、（were與wish發(fā)生在同一時(shí)間平面上）表過(guò)去過(guò)去完成時(shí)（從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞先于主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生或存在，（that）+主語(yǔ)+had+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞）I wish you had come to our Christmas party.表將來(lái) would, might, could +動(dòng)詞原年（從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后于主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生或存在）I wish that the rain could stop soon.虛擬語(yǔ)氣專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1. Jack wishes that he business instead of history when he was in university.A. studie

17、dB. had been studyingC. studyD. had studied2. The millions of calculation involved, had they been done by hand,all practical value by the time they were finished.A. had lostB. would loseC. would have lostD. should have lost3. It is essential that these application forms back as early as possible.A.

18、must be sentB. are senC. will be sentD. be sent4. It is important that the hotel receptionist that guests are registered correctly.A. has made sureB. must make sureC. made sureD. make sure5. It was essential that the application forms back before the deadline.A. must be sentB. be sentC. would be sen

19、tD. were sent6. It's necessary the dictionary immediately.A. that he will returnB. that he returnC. that he returnedD. that he has to return7. It is important that enough money to fund the project.A. be collectedB. was collectedC. must be collectedD. can be collected8. I don't think it advis

20、able that Tom to the job since he has no experience.A. is assignedB. be assignedC. will be assignedD. has been assigned9. The suggestion that the mayor the prizes was accepted by everyone.A. would presentB. presentC. ought to presentD. presents10. We are all for your proposal that the discussion .A.

21、 be put offB. should put offC. was put offD. is to put off11. You him so closely; you should have kept your distance.A. shouldn't have been followingB. mustn't followC. couldn't have been followingD. shouldn't follow12. The manager would rather his daughter in the same office.A. does

22、 not workB. had not workedC. not to workD. did not work13. Wouldn't you rather your child to bed early?A. goB. would goC. wentD. goes14. I'd rather you make any comment on the issue for the time being.A. don'tB. didn'tC. wouldn'tD. shouldn't15. Mike's uncle insists in thi

23、s hotel.A. staying notB. that he would not stayC. not to stayD. that he not stay16. As Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces, I have directed that all measures for ourdefense.A. had been takenB. be takenC. would be takenD. to be taken17. The manager of the hotel requests that their guests after 11:

24、00 p.m.A. not to play loud musicB. don't play loud musicC. shouldn't play loud musicD. couldn't paly load music18. We desire that the tour leader us immediately of any change in plans.A. informB. informsC. informedD. has informed19. He suggested to tomorrow's exhibition together.A. u

25、s to goB. we shall goC. we wentD. we go20. Sometimes I wish I in a different time and a different place.A. be livingB. would liveC. were livingD. would have lived21. I wish I longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.A. could have sleptB. might have sleptC. sleptD. have slept22. Jea

26、n doesn't want to work right away becauseshe thinks that if she a job she probablywouldn't be able to see her friends very often.A. has to getB. had gotC. were to getD. could have got23. If the whole operation beforehand, a great deal of time and money would have been lost.A. was not planned

27、B. had not been plannedC. has not been plannedD. were not planned24. Had he worked harder, he the exams.A. must have got throughB. would get throughC. would have got throughD. could get through25. before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party.A. Had they arrivedB.

28、Were they arrivingC. Would they arriveD. Were they to arrive26. right now, she would get there on Sunday.A. Would she leave B. Were she to leave C. If she leaves D. If she had left27. for my illness I would have lent him a helping hand.A. Not being B. Without being C. Had it not been D. Not having b

29、een28. for your laziness, you could have finished the assignment by now.A. Had it not been B. Weren't it C. It were notD. Had not it been29. If it too much trouble, I'd love a cup of tea.A. isn'tB. weren'tC. wasn'tD. hadn't been30. If I hadn't stood under the ladder to ca

30、tch you when you fell, you now.A. wouldn't be smiling B. won't smile C. couldn't have smiledD. didn't smile31. We didn't know his telephone number; otherwise we him.A. would have telephonedB. would telephoneC. must have telephonedD. had telephoned32. He must have had an accident,

31、 or he then.A. would have been hereB. should be hereC. had to be hereD. would be here33. Some women a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work forthe sake of the family.A. must make B. should have madeC. would make D. could have made34. We to start our own business,

32、 but we never had enough money.A. have hopedB. had hopedC. would hopeD. should hope35. The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he himself.A. injureB. injuredC. had injuredD. would injure36. "You are very selfish. It's high time you that you are not the most important person in thew

33、orld", Edgar said to his boss angrily.A. realizedB. realizeC. have realizedD. should realize37. It's already 5 o'clock now. Don't you think it's about time ?A. we are going homeB. we went homeC. we go homeD. we can go home38. If only the committee the regulations and put them in

34、to effect as soon as possible.A. approveB. can approveC. will approveD. would approve39. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I your advice.A. followB.would followC. had followedD.have followed40. I'm sure he is up to the job he would give his mind to it.A. if onlyB.in caseC. untilD.u

35、nless虛擬語(yǔ)氣歷年高考題1. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. （2012 湖南）A. have hadB. had hadC. have D. had2. If my car more reliable,I would have drivento Lasa instead of flying last summer.（2012陜西）A. was B. had been C. should be D. would be3. We the difficulty t

36、ogether, but why didn't you tell me? （2012 d 匕京）A. should face B. might face C. could have faced D. must have faced4. We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we more places of interest yesterday. （2012福建）A. visited B. had visited C. would visit D. would have visited5. Grace doesH t want

37、 to move to New York because she thinks if she there, she wouldin be ableto see her parents very often. （2012安徽）A. lives B. would live C. having asked D. were to live6. But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize in the English Writing Competition.（2009福建）A. would not win B. would not

38、have won C. would win D. would have won7. Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don't think we it without you. （2008 山東）A. can manage B. could have managed C. could manage D. can have managed8. fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. （2006 湖北）A. Would

39、you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be9. - Do you mind if I open the window?-I feel a bit cold. （2004 廣東）A. Of course not.B. I'd rather you didn't.C. Go ahead. D. Why not?10. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I in love, at the age of seven, withthe

40、Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. （2002 上海）A. wouldn't have fallenB. had not fallen C. should fallD. were to fall11. What would have happened, as far as the riverbank? （2001 上海）A. Bob had walked fartherB. if Bob should walk fartherC. had Bob walked fartherD. if Bob walked farther12. He hesitat

41、ed for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he a goal. （2001 上海春）A. had scored B. scored C. would score D. would have scored13. If only he quietly as the doctor instructed, he wouldnt suffer so much now. （2000 上海）A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie14. Without the air to hold some of the

42、surns heat, the earth at night, too cold for us to live. （1997上海）A. would be freezing coldB. will be freezing coldlyC. would be frozen coldD. can freeze coldly15. You didn't let me drive. If we in turn, you so tired. （1996 上海）A. drove; didn't getB. drove; wouldn't getC. were driving; wou

43、ldn't get D. had driven; wouldn't have got16. for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. （1995 上海）A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not17. Janes pale face suggestedthat she ill, and her parents suggestedthat she a medicalexamination. （1

44、994 上海）A. be; should have B. was; have C. should be; had D. was; has18. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she, she would have met my brothe r. 1994 全國(guó)）A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come1.1 it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. （1994 上海）A. Were

45、 B. Should C. WouldD. W川20. The two strangers talked as if they friends for years. （1993h 海）A. should be B. would be C. have be D. had been21. If the weather had been better, we could have had a picnic. But it all day. （2008 國(guó)）A. rained B. rains C. has rained D. is raining22. They two free tickets t

46、o Canada, otherwise they d never have been able to afford to go. （2007山東）A. had got B. got C. have got D. get23. - Don't you think it necessary that he to Miami but to New York?-I agree, but the problem is he has refused to. （2005X 蘇）A. will not be sent; thatB.not be sent; thatC. should not be s

47、ent; whatD. should not send; what24. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amountof time and energy_ .（2010 浙江）A. would have been savedB. had been savedC. will be savedD. was saved25. John went to the hospital alonelf he me about it, I would have gone with him. （2010 天津）A. should tell B. t

48、ells C. told D. had told26. - The weather has been very hot and dry.-Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables .（2010 北京）A. wouldn't dieB. didn't dieC. hadn't diedD. wouldn ' have died27. George is going to talk about the geography of his c

49、ountry, but I d rather he more on its culture. （2010 江蘇）A .focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused28. If we the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. （2010 陜西）A. take B. had taken C. tookD. have taken29. - Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution. - I it, but

50、 I was busy preparing for a job interview. （2011 福建 34'）A. attended B. had attended C. would attend D. would have attended30. 一 Where are the children? The dinner' s going to be completely ruined一I wish they always late . （2011 北京，28）A. weren ' t B. hadn ' t been C. wouldn't be D

51、. wouldn't have been7 / 11答案與解析1. D譯文：杰克寧愿在大學(xué)學(xué)的是商務(wù)而不是歷史。本句是 wish 后接虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法。在wish 后面所接的賓語(yǔ)從句中，要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu)。其主要形式有三種：表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬：wish + 主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式；表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬：wish +主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞；表示對(duì)將來(lái)情況的虛擬：wish + 主語(yǔ)+would+ 動(dòng)詞原形。2. C譯文：數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的相關(guān)計(jì)算，如果由人工操作的話，到計(jì)算完成時(shí)早已失去其實(shí)用價(jià)值。本句是條件句中與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。由省略 if的從句(had they been done

52、 by hand)中的時(shí)態(tài)可知，C 為正確答案。3. D譯文：這些申請(qǐng)表盡快寄出是極其必要的。本句涉及主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法。在It is important/necessary/-ctauSe結(jié)構(gòu)中，that從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其形式為：(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。這一結(jié)構(gòu)是否用虛擬語(yǔ)氣取決于主句It is important/ that中的形容詞(如本句中的important ) 。4. D譯文：旅館接待員必須確保旅客登記正確，這點(diǎn)是很重要的。本句涉及主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的使用。5. B譯文：申請(qǐng)表務(wù)必在截止日期之前寄回。本句涉及主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的使用。6. B譯文：他必須馬

53、上歸還字典。本句涉及主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的使用。7. A譯文：重要的是募集足夠的錢，為這個(gè)項(xiàng)目提供資金。本句涉及主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的使用。8. B譯文：湯姆缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)，指派他做這項(xiàng)工作我認(rèn)為是不合適的。本句涉及復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的使用。在以it 為形式賓語(yǔ)的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)從句中也可以用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其形式為：(should) + 動(dòng)詞原形。這一結(jié)構(gòu)中的虛擬用法主要取決于作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的形容詞advisable。9. B譯文：大家都接受了讓市長(zhǎng)發(fā)獎(jiǎng)的建議。本句涉及同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法。英語(yǔ)中在表示命令、建議、勸告、愿望、要求等詞后所接的同位語(yǔ)從句中，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其形式為：(should)

54、 +動(dòng)詞原形。常用的這類詞有suggestion, advise,order, recommendation, requirement, command, proposal 等名詞。10. A譯文：我們都支持你提出的推遲討論的建議。本句涉及同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法。11. A譯文：你本不該跟他跟得這么緊；你本該保持一定距離的。本句涉及-暗含虛擬句?！皊hould/ought not+ have+過(guò)去分詞”表示 茶不應(yīng)該做某事，但卻做了 “，含有某種責(zé)備的口氣。"should/ought to+have+±去分詞”表示 茶應(yīng)該做某事，卻未做 ”。例如： You should

55、 have returned the book last week. 你本來(lái)應(yīng)該上周就該歸還這本書(shū)。(但上周并未還)12. D譯文：經(jīng)理寧愿他女兒不和他在同一個(gè)辦公室上班。本句涉及賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法。在would rather,would sooner, would just as soon, might as well 和would prefer 等后面所跟的從句中，也可用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示愿望，意為“寧愿 ”、 “但愿 ”。其形式為： "would rather ( would sooner)十主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí) ”表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況。 "would rathe

56、r ( would sooner)十主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去完成時(shí) ”表示過(guò)去的情況。譯文：你為何不讓你的孩子早點(diǎn)睡覺(jué)？本句涉及賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法。14. B譯文：我倒是希望你對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題先別發(fā)表什么看法。本句涉及賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法。英語(yǔ)中在would rather, would sooner, would just as soon, might aswell 和 would prefer 等后面所跟的從句中，也可用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示愿望，意為“寧愿 ”、 “但愿 ”。15. D麥克的叔叔堅(jiān)持他不留在旅館里。本句涉及虛擬語(yǔ)氣在賓語(yǔ)從句中的使用。動(dòng)詞 insist后接賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中的謂語(yǔ)為“sho

57、uld+l詞原形（ should 常省略）”。常這樣用的詞有：command, desire, demand, order, propose, recommend, request, require,suggest 等。 16. B 譯文：我作為武裝部隊(duì)的總司令命令采取一切措施進(jìn)行防御。本句涉及虛擬語(yǔ)氣在賓語(yǔ)從句中的使用。17. C譯文：旅館的經(jīng)理懇請(qǐng)客人晚上11 點(diǎn)后，音樂(lè)聲不要放得太響。本句涉及虛擬語(yǔ)氣在賓語(yǔ)從句中的使用。18. A譯文：我們要求導(dǎo)游立刻告訴我們計(jì)劃有什么變動(dòng)。本句涉及虛擬語(yǔ)氣在賓語(yǔ)從句中的使用。19. D譯文：他建議我們一塊去看明天的展覽。本句涉及虛擬語(yǔ)氣在賓語(yǔ)從句中的使用。20. C譯文：我有時(shí)希望自己生活在另一個(gè)時(shí)代和另一個(gè)地方。本句涉及動(dòng)詞wish 后所接賓語(yǔ)從句的用法。在wish 后面所接的賓語(yǔ)從句中，要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu)。其主要形式有三種：表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬：wish+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式；表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬：wish+主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞；表示對(duì)將來(lái)情況的虛擬：wish+主語(yǔ)+would+動(dòng)詞原形。21. A譯文：