名詞種類及單復(fù)數(shù)變化PPT學(xué)習(xí)教案

1、會計學(xué)1名詞種類及單復(fù)數(shù)變化名詞種類及單復(fù)數(shù)變化第1頁/共27頁個體名詞：個體名詞： boy, girl, teacher, school, boy, girl, teacher, school, book, room, pen, pencil, desk, book, room, pen, pencil, desk, appleapple 具體可見的，可以數(shù)出數(shù)量的個體。具體可見的，可以數(shù)出數(shù)量的個體。第2頁/共27頁第3頁/共27頁抽抽象象名名詞詞 happiness, misery, difficulty, love, honesty, courage 不不能能看看到到的的抽抽象象概概念

2、念。第4頁/共27頁二二. . 名詞種類與名詞的數(shù)名詞種類與名詞的數(shù)1 1）所有的專有名詞都是不可數(shù)名詞。）所有的專有名詞都是不可數(shù)名詞。 2 2）個體名詞通常都是可數(shù)的。）個體名詞通常都是可數(shù)的。 3 3）集體名詞和成雙成對的名詞永遠用作復(fù)數(shù)。）集體名詞和成雙成對的名詞永遠用作復(fù)數(shù)。 people, police, trousers, glasses people, police, trousers, glasses 4 4）物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞為不可數(shù)名詞。）物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞為不可數(shù)名詞。第5頁/共27頁特殊情況：特殊情況：. .有些名詞有些名詞, ,如如: family, class,

3、team: family, class, team等既可等既可 用作單數(shù)又可用作復(fù)數(shù)。用作單數(shù)又可用作復(fù)數(shù)。 當(dāng)強調(diào)整體時，常用作單數(shù)；當(dāng)強調(diào)整體時，常用作單數(shù)； 當(dāng)強調(diào)整體中的各個成員時，常為復(fù)數(shù)。例：當(dāng)強調(diào)整體中的各個成員時，常為復(fù)數(shù)。例： The family is quite big. The family is quite big. 這是個大家庭。這是個大家庭。 The family are enjoying themselves in the The family are enjoying themselves in the park. park. 家里的每個人都玩得很高興。家里的

4、每個人都玩得很高興。第6頁/共27頁2 2）有些名詞既可作可數(shù)名詞也可作不可數(shù)）有些名詞既可作可數(shù)名詞也可作不可數(shù) 詞，但詞義有所不同。詞，但詞義有所不同。sand sand 沙沙 sands sands 沙灘沙灘 wood wood 木頭木頭 woods woods 森林森林 fish fish 魚肉魚肉 fish fish 魚魚 orange orange 橙汁橙汁 an orangean orange桔子桔子 chicken chicken 雞肉雞肉 a chickena chicken小雞小雞 room room 空間、余地空間、余地a rooma room房間房間第7頁/共27頁三三

5、. 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則1.1.一一般般情情況況在在詞詞尾尾加加- -s s，例例如如： b bo oo ok kb bo oo ok ks s，g gi ir rl lg gi ir rl ls s，b bo oy y b bo oy ys s p pe en n p pe en ns s, , d do oc ct to or r d do oc ct to or rs s 2 2. .以以s s，x x，c ch h，s sh h，結(jié)結(jié)尾尾的的詞詞加加- -e es s，例例如如： b bu us sb bu us se es s，b bo ox xb bo ox x

6、e es s， w wa at tc ch hw wa at tc ch he es s，b br ru us sh hb br ru us sh he es s 3 3. .以以o o結(jié)結(jié)尾尾的的詞詞加加- -e es s。例例如如: : h he er ro oh he er ro oe es s，p po ot ta at to op po ot ta at to oe es s 但但詞詞末末為為兩兩個個元元音音字字母母的的詞詞只只加加- -s s。例例如如： z zo oo oz zo oo os s，r ra ad di io or ra ad di io os s 縮縮寫寫詞詞也也

7、只只加加- -s s，例例如如：p ph ho ot to op ph ho ot to os s第8頁/共27頁s、x 、ch 、sh結(jié)尾的名詞,在其詞尾加espotatosome potatoestomatofive tomatoesSum up: 以輔音字母加結(jié)尾的名詞，在其詞尾加es.但photo、piano(鋼琴)除外，photos, pianos.第9頁/共27頁knifefour knivesleafsome leavesSum up:以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞要將f或fe變?yōu)閂再加es.第10頁/共27頁babyfivebabiesboythreeboys以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞，要

8、變y為i再加es.第11頁/共27頁4. 4. 以以f f或或fefe結(jié)尾的詞，多數(shù)變結(jié)尾的詞，多數(shù)變f f為為v v，再加，再加-es-es，如：，如： knifeknivesknifeknives，leafleaves, halfhalves leafleaves, halfhalves 5.5.以輔音母加以輔音母加y y結(jié)尾的詞變結(jié)尾的詞變“y”y”為為“i”i”，再加，再加-es,-es,如：如： citycities, factoryfactories citycities, factoryfactories 但注意：以元音字母加但注意：以元音字母加y y結(jié)尾的名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式只加結(jié)尾

9、的名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式只加s s， 如：如：boyboys, daydays boyboys, daydays 6. 6. 不規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化 man-men, woman-women man-men, woman-women foot-feet, tooth-teeth foot-feet, tooth-teeth child-children, ox-oxenchild-children, ox-oxen，mouse-mice mouse-mice fish-fish, sheep-sheep, deer-deerfish-fish, sheep-sheep, deer-deer第12頁/共2

10、7頁7.7.表示國籍名詞單復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)律表示國籍名詞單復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)律 ChineseChinese ChineseJapaneseJapaneseFrenchmanFrenchmenEnglishmanEnglishmenGerman GermansAmericanAmericansEgyptianEgyptiansRussianRussians Italian Italians第13頁/共27頁四四. . 不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量的表示不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量的表示1.1.o of f短短語語：不不能能說說 o on ne e b br re ea ad d，但但是是可可以以說說： o on ne e p pi i

11、e ec ce e o of f b br re ea ad d t tw wo o p pi ie ec ce es s o of f b br re ea ad d 2 2. . 量量詞詞： 1 1）只只能能用用來來修修飾飾不不可可數(shù)數(shù)名名詞詞： a a l li it tt tl le e，m mu uc ch h，a a b bi it t o of f 2 2）既既能能用用來來修修飾飾可可數(shù)數(shù)名名詞詞又又能能用用來來修修飾飾不不可可數(shù)數(shù)名名詞詞： s so om me e, , a a l lo ot t o of f, , l lo ot ts s o of f 第14頁/共27頁

12、練習(xí)練習(xí)1. What do you want? 1. What do you want? I want_. I want_. A. piece of breadA. piece of breadB.two piece of bread B.two piece of bread C.a breadC.a breadD.some bread D.some bread 2 ._is standing at the corner of the 2 ._is standing at the corner of the street. street. A. A policeA. A policeB.Th

13、e police B.The police C. PoliceC. PoliceD.A policemanD.A policeman第15頁/共27頁3. Can you see nine _ in the picture? 3. Can you see nine _ in the picture? A.sheep B.dog C.pig D.horse A.sheep B.dog C.pig D.horse 4. The _ has two _. 4. The _ has two _. A.boys, watchesA.boys, watches B.boy, watch B.boy, wa

14、tch C.boy, watchesC.boy, watchesD.boys,watch D.boys,watch 5. Both Marx and Engles were_. 5. Both Marx and Engles were_. A.German A.GermanB.Germans B.Germans C.GermanyC.Germany D.from GermanD.from German第16頁/共27頁3. Can you see nine _ in the picture? 3. Can you see nine _ in the picture? A.sheepA.shee

15、p B.dog C.pig D.horse B.dog C.pig D.horse 4. The _ has two _. 4. The _ has two _. A.boys, watchesA.boys, watches B.boy, watch B.boy, watch C.boy, watchesC.boy, watchesD.boys,watch D.boys,watch 5. Both Marx and Engles were_. 5. Both Marx and Engles were_. A.German A.GermanB.GermansB.Germans C.Germany

16、C.Germany D.from GermanD.from German第17頁/共27頁6. Every morning before he leaves,6. Every morning before he leaves, his mother would put some _ in his bag. his mother would put some _ in his bag. A. orange A. orangeB. oranges B. oranges 7. We all believe that our team _ the 7. We all believe that our

17、team _ the strongest of all. strongest of all. A. isA. is B. areB. are第18頁/共27頁 A. orange A. orangeB. orangesB. oranges 7. We all believe that our team _ the 7. We all believe that our team _ the strongest of all. strongest of all. A. isA. is B. areB. are6. Every morning before he leaves,6. Every mo

18、rning before he leaves, his mother would put some _ in his bag. his mother would put some _ in his bag. 第19頁/共27頁名詞所有格名詞所有格第20頁/共27頁第21頁/共27頁 名詞所有格名詞所有格一、有生命的名詞所有格一、有生命的名詞所有格 ： s + 名詞名詞 “的的” a . 當(dāng)名詞不是當(dāng)名詞不是s 結(jié)尾時，用結(jié)尾時，用 s Lucys hair / my mothers bag lucy的頭發(fā)的頭發(fā) / 我媽媽的袋子我媽媽的袋子 b. 當(dāng)名詞是當(dāng)名詞是s 結(jié)尾時，則用結(jié)尾時，則用 s students reading room 學(xué)生們的閱覽室學(xué)生們的閱覽室 workers club 工人俱樂部工人俱樂部注意：注意：Womens Day 婦女節(jié)婦女節(jié) Childrens Day 兒童節(jié)兒童節(jié) Teachers Day 教師節(jié)教師節(jié)第22頁/共27頁c. 表示時間、距離、國家、城市的名詞，加表示時間、距離、國家、城市的名詞，加s 構(gòu)成所有格構(gòu)成所有格 five minutes walk= a five-minute walk eight miles journe