幀中繼原理與配置

1、HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.幀中繼原理與配置Copyright 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 2前言 幀中繼FR（Frame Relay）協(xié)議工作在OSI參考模型的數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層，是一種主要應(yīng)用在運(yùn)營(yíng)商網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的廣域網(wǎng)技術(shù)。當(dāng)企業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)需要使用幀中繼技術(shù)與運(yùn)營(yíng)商網(wǎng)絡(luò)相連時(shí)，管理員也需要了解幀中繼的工作原理，并具備相應(yīng)的故障處理能力。Copyright 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 3學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)

2、學(xué)完本課程后，您應(yīng)該能：l掌握幀中繼的工作原理l掌握幀中繼的基本配置Copyright 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. 幀中繼的應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景Page 4幀中繼網(wǎng)絡(luò)l企業(yè)的總部和分支機(jī)構(gòu)可以通過(guò)運(yùn)營(yíng)商的幀中繼網(wǎng)絡(luò)相連。Copyright 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. 幀中繼網(wǎng)絡(luò)Page 5企業(yè)總部企業(yè)分支DTEDCEDCEDTE幀中繼網(wǎng)絡(luò)l幀中繼網(wǎng)絡(luò)提供了用戶(hù)設(shè)備之間進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)通信的能力。l用戶(hù)設(shè)備被稱(chēng)作數(shù)據(jù)終端設(shè)備DTE。為用戶(hù)設(shè)備提供網(wǎng)絡(luò)

3、接入的設(shè)備被稱(chēng)為數(shù)據(jù)電路終結(jié)設(shè)備DCE。Copyright 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. 虛電路Page 6DTEDCEDCEDLCI 20DLCI 11幀中繼網(wǎng)絡(luò)l幀中繼網(wǎng)絡(luò)采用虛電路來(lái)連接網(wǎng)絡(luò)兩端的幀中繼設(shè)備。l每條虛電路采用數(shù)據(jù)鏈路連接標(biāo)識(shí)符DLCI來(lái)進(jìn)行標(biāo)識(shí)。DTEDTEDTEDCEDLCI 21DLCI 10Copyright 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. LMI協(xié)商過(guò)程Page 7狀態(tài)查詢(xún)消息狀態(tài)應(yīng)答消息決定鏈路狀態(tài)和P

4、VC狀態(tài)S1/0/0DLCI 10010.1.1.1/24DCEDTEl本地管理接口LMI協(xié)議通過(guò)狀態(tài)查詢(xún)報(bào)文和狀態(tài)應(yīng)答報(bào)文維護(hù)幀中繼的鏈路狀態(tài)和PVC狀態(tài)。Copyright 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Inverse ARP協(xié)商過(guò)程Page 8RTARTBDLCI 10010.1.1.1/2410.1.1.2/24DTEDTE交換機(jī)通知DLCI 100交換機(jī)通知DLCI 200RTA向DLCI200通知IP 10.1.1.1RTB向DLCI 100通知IP 10.1.1.2DCEDCE幀中繼網(wǎng)絡(luò)DLCI 2

5、00l逆向地址解析協(xié)議（Inverse ARP）的主要功能是獲取虛電路對(duì)端設(shè)備的IP地址。Copyright 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. 幀中繼和水平分割Page 9lRTB通告給RTA一條路由信息，但由于水平分割機(jī)制，RTA不能通過(guò)接收此路由信息的Serial1/0/0接口將此路由信息轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)給RTC。S1/0/0RTB 想通過(guò)RTA轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)路由更新信息給 RTC RTCRTDRTARTBRTA無(wú)法向RTC轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)來(lái)自RTB的路由更新信息Copyright 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Lt

6、d. All rights reserved. 幀中繼子接口Page 10RTCRTDS1/0/0.1S1/0/0.3S1/0/0.2RTARTBl在一個(gè)物理接口上配置多個(gè)子接口，每個(gè)子接口使用一條虛電路連接到對(duì)端的路由器，這樣就可以解決水平分割帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題。Copyright 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. 幀中繼配置動(dòng)態(tài)映射Page 11RTARTBDLCI 10010.1.1.1/2410.1.1.2/24DTEDTEDLCI 200RTAinterface Serial 1/0/0 RTA-Serial1/0

7、/0link-protocol fr Warning: The encapsulation protocol of the link will be changed. Continue? Y/N:y RTA-Serial1/0/0fr interface-type dteRTA-Serial1/0/0fr inarpSerial 1/0/0 Serial 1/0/0 DCEDCE幀中繼網(wǎng)絡(luò)lRTB也需要配置動(dòng)態(tài)映射。Copyright 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. 配置驗(yàn)證Page 12RTAdisplay fr

8、 pvc-infoPVC statistics for interface Serial1/0/0 (DTE, physical UP) DLCI = 100, USAGE = UNUSED (00000000), Serial1/0/0 create time = 2013/08/20 09:02:33, status = ACTIVE InARP = Enable, PVC-GROUP = NONE in packets = 6, in bytes = 11230 out packets = 7, out bytes = 500RTAdisplay fr map-infoMap Stati

9、stics for interface Serial1/0/0 (DTE) DLCI = 100, IP INARP 10.1.1.2, Serial1/0/0 create time = 2013/08/20 12:51:46, status = ACTIVE encapsulation = ietf, vlink = 2, broadcastCopyright 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. 幀中繼配置 靜態(tài)映射Page 13RTARTBDLCI 10010.1.1.1/2410.1.1.2/24DTEDTED

10、LCI 200DCEDCESerial 1/0/0 Serial 1/0/0 幀中繼網(wǎng)絡(luò)RTAinterface Serial 1/0/0 RTA-Serial1/0/0link-protocol fr Warning: The encapsulation protocol of the link will be changed. Continue? Y/N:y RTA-Serial1/0/0fr interface-type dteRTA-Serial1/0/0undo fr inarpRTA-Serial1/0/0fr map ip 10.1.1.2 100lRTB也需要配置靜態(tài)映射。Co

11、pyright 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. 配置驗(yàn)證RTAdisplay fr map-infoMap Statistics for interface Serial1/0/0 (DTE) DLCI = 100, IP 10.1.1.2, Serial1/0/0 create time = 2013/08/20 12:45:48, status = ACTIVE encapsulation = ietf, vlink = 2 RTAdisplay fr pvc-info DLCI = 100, USAGE = LOCAL (00000100), Serial1/0/0 create time = 2013/08/20 09:02:59, status = ACTIVE InARP = Disable, PVC-GROUP = NONE in pac