船舶設(shè)計(jì)原理課程大作業(yè)-螺旋槳設(shè)計(jì)

1、SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY螺旋槳設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算書姓名:王志強(qiáng) 學(xué)號(hào)：5130109174課程:船舶原理（2）專業(yè):船舶與海洋工程日期:2016年4月 一、 船舶的主要參數(shù)船型：單槳集裝箱船船型參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)水線長LWL215m垂線間長LPP210m型寬B32m設(shè)計(jì)吃水T12.7m排水體積54000m3方型系數(shù)CB0.655槳軸距基線高度ZP4.7m轂徑dh1.4m螺旋槳材料Cu3鎳鋁青銅船體有效功率數(shù)據(jù)表航速/Kn有效功率PE/kW壓載滿載超滿載19761796481143619.581981037812308208950113201343620.5978612369146

2、892110668134751601421.51160514651174202212657159701899922.51392917563209072315574196232337423.51779422403267062420840262143127624.525010314293753125306483848145988主機(jī)參數(shù)主機(jī)最大持續(xù)功率Pmax33000KW額定轉(zhuǎn)速102r/min軸系效率s0.97推進(jìn)因子伴流分?jǐn)?shù)0.25推力減額分?jǐn)?shù)t0.16相對(duì)旋轉(zhuǎn)效率R1.0船身效率H=1-t1-1.12二、 最大航速確定按滿載工況、主機(jī)功率Ps=0.85Pmax、螺旋槳轉(zhuǎn)速102r/min，

3、設(shè)計(jì)MAU型5葉右旋槳1只。螺旋槳敞水收到功率：PD=0.85SRPmax=0.85×0.97×1.0×33000kW=27208.5kW最大航速設(shè)計(jì)的步驟：假定若干個(gè)盤面比（ 0.5、0.55、0.6、0.65、0.7、0.75、0.8），對(duì)每一個(gè)盤面比進(jìn)行以下計(jì)算：1）假定若干直徑（范圍7.5m 8.5m，每隔0.01米取一次值）；2）對(duì)每個(gè)直徑，假定若干航速（范圍21節(jié)25節(jié)，每隔0.001節(jié)取一次值）；3）對(duì)每個(gè)直徑與航速的組合，用回歸公式計(jì)算設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)速系數(shù)下不同螺距比（范圍0.41.6）螺旋槳的推力、扭矩，通過插值（或二分法）確定滿足設(shè)計(jì)功率要求（即：螺旋

4、槳要求的扭矩與設(shè)計(jì)功率與轉(zhuǎn)速下的收到轉(zhuǎn)矩平衡）的螺距及相應(yīng)的有效推力與敞水效率；4）對(duì)每個(gè)直徑，根據(jù)阻力曲線及不同航速下的有效推力值，通過插值確定有效推力與阻力平衡的航速，以及對(duì)應(yīng)的螺距和敞水效率；5）根據(jù)航速（或敞水效率）與直徑的關(guān)系，確定最大航速（或最高敞水效率）對(duì)應(yīng)的直徑，該直徑即為所假定盤面比下的最佳直徑。由MATLAB編程得到各個(gè)盤面比最佳螺旋槳尺寸及最大航速，如下表所示：盤面比0.500.550.600.650.700.750.80航速V(kn)23.157623.188023.210123.213523.187823.122423.0054螺距P(m)7.10687.12287.

5、14967.19987.25587.31357.3804直徑D(m)7.787.847.887.887.857.797.69螺距比P/D0.913460.908520.907310.913680.924310.938830.95974進(jìn)速系數(shù)J0.675560.671270.668500.668600.670410.673670.6789700.664350.669570.673440.674030.669530.658400.63956三、 空泡校核柏立爾空泡限界線圖空泡校核計(jì)算結(jié)果：P0=Pa+hs=10330+1025×(12.7-4.7)kgf/m2=18530kgf/m2=

6、181594N/m2盤面比0.500.550.600.650.700.750.80PO181594181594181594181594181594181594181594VA8.9349738.9466868.9552408.9565328.9466158.9213948.876232VA279.83373880.04318880.19633280.21947480.04192379.59126478.787492(0.7N60D)2845.9659859.0645867.8529867.8529861.2574848.1420826.5066V0.7R2925.7996939.1077948

7、.0492948.0723941.2994927.7333905.294112V0.7R2474893.6481720.0486306.6486318.4482844.2475885.4464375.20.7R0.382390.376970.373410.373410.376090.381590.39105c0.14650.14500.14400.14400.14480.14630.1492推力T(kN)2023.0482036.2722046.0972047.5922036.1672007.9831960.463需要投射面積AP29.0785229.1523229.2182129.23884

8、29.1231228.8412028.29573需要展開面積AE33.8982933.9395434.0052634.0871834.0488833.8508333.39836A047.5388948.2749748.7688348.7688348.3982047.6611846.44538需要的盤面比AE/ A00.71310.70300.69730.69900.70350.71020.7191做計(jì)算盤面比圖需要盤面比圖，如下所示：圖 1 計(jì)算盤面比需要盤面比圖由圖插值可知，不發(fā)生空泡的最小盤面比為：0.7040 作最大航速盤面比，敞水效率盤面比圖如下所示： 由圖可知，在盤面比大于0.704

9、0時(shí)，最大航速與敞水效率都隨盤面比的增大而單調(diào)遞減，因此，本螺旋槳設(shè)計(jì)選取盤面比為0.7040，將該盤面比輸入之前計(jì)算最大航速的程序中可以得到對(duì)應(yīng)的最佳螺旋槳要素。AE/A0=0.7040 P/D=0.9243 D=7.85m 0=0.6689 Vmax=23.1841kn P=7.2568m四、 強(qiáng)度校核按2001年規(guī)范校核t0.25R及t0.6R，（見強(qiáng)度計(jì)算表）應(yīng)不小于按下式計(jì)算之值：t=YX-Y Y=1.36A1NeZbne X=A2GAdN2D31010Zb計(jì)算功率：Ne=33000×0.97kW=32010kWAd=AE/A0=0.7040 P/D=0.9243 =10o

10、 G=7.6g/cm3 N=ne=102r/minb0.66R=0.226DAd0.1Z=0.226×7.85×0.7040/0.5m=2.4979m強(qiáng)度計(jì)算表：項(xiàng)目單位0.25R0.6R槳葉寬度bm1.80152.4757Pm7.25687.2568D/P1.08191.0819K1634207K2250151K31410635K4434A11914.7766700.2132Y90727.355324142.747K58223K63412K74165K8380330A21246.56181134.7117X0.37270.2468K1.381.38tmm300.11641

11、45.9621tnmm300.2625171.13校核結(jié)果符合規(guī)范符合規(guī)范注：表中025R中的實(shí)際槳葉厚度由下表中02R和03R中的槳葉厚度插值得到 由上表可知，tn>t，即采用MAU標(biāo)準(zhǔn)槳葉厚度符合規(guī)范中的強(qiáng)度要求，且有一定的裕度。螺旋槳各半徑處槳葉厚度：r/R0.20.30.40.50.60.660.70.80.900.951.0t/mm318.71281.815244.92208.025171.13149.15134.23597.3460.44542.3923.55五、 螺距修正設(shè)計(jì)螺旋槳采用MAU型5葉槳的厚度分布，因此無需進(jìn)行厚度差異的螺距修正。設(shè)計(jì)螺旋槳的轂徑比為(dhD)&

12、#39;=1.47.85=0.1783,MAU槳標(biāo)準(zhǔn)轂徑比為dhD=0.180，需要進(jìn)行修正。(dhD)B=110dhD'-dhD=0.1×0.1783-0.180=-1.656×10-4修正后的螺距比為：(PD)m=PD+(dhD)B=0.9241六、 重量及慣性矩計(jì)算由于未能找到MAU槳切面有關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)，此時(shí)采用按統(tǒng)計(jì)資料得出的近似公式進(jìn)行計(jì)算，按照我國船舶及海洋工程設(shè)計(jì)研究院提出的公式計(jì)算如下。槳葉重：Gb1=0.169Zbmax0.5t0.2+t0.61-dDD(kgf) =0.169×7600×5×2.4979×（0.

13、5×0.3187+0.17113）×（7.85-1.4)kg =33822.93kg槳轂重：Gn=(0.88-0.6d0d)LKd2(kgf) =0.88-0.6×0.74041.4×1.875×7600×1.42kg=15715.812kg其中：d0=0.045+0.108(PD/N)1/3-KLK2m =0.045+0.108×(27208.5×1000/735102)1/3-0.08×1.8752m=0.7404m螺旋槳重量：G=Gb1+Gn=33822.93+15715.812=49538.742

14、kg螺旋槳慣性矩：當(dāng)dD=0.1783<0.18時(shí)： Imp=0.0948Zbmax(0.5t0.2+t0.6)D3(kgfcms2) =0.0948×7600×5×2.4979×(0.5×318.71+171.13)×7.853kgcms2 =1438559.087kgcms2七、 敞水特性曲線由MAU型五葉槳敞水特性曲線回歸公式及系數(shù)表，可以在MATLAB中得到盤面比為0.7040，螺距比為P/D=0.9243的敞水特性曲線如下所示：設(shè)計(jì)螺旋槳敞水特性數(shù)據(jù)表J00.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.91.0 1

15、.0148KT0.4458 0.4156 0.3816 0.3443 0.3038 0.2605 0.2147 0.1665 0.1160 0.0633 0.0085 0.0000 KQ0.0604 0.0568 0.0528 0.0484 0.0436 0.0385 0.0330 0.0271 0.0208 0.0139 0.0065 0.0053 00.0000 0.1165 0.2302 0.3399 0.4437 0.5390 0.6218 0.6847 0.7115 0.6517 0.2079 0.0000 八、 系柱特性計(jì)算由敞水性能數(shù)據(jù)表得，當(dāng)J=0時(shí)，KT=0.4458，KQ=

16、0.0604計(jì)算功率：PD=0.97×33000kW=32010kW 系柱推力減額分?jǐn)?shù)?。簍0=0.04，主機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)矩：Q=PD×602N=32010×602×102kNm=2996.794kNm系柱推力：T=KTKQQD=0.44580.0604×2996.7947.85kN=2817.672kN螺旋槳轉(zhuǎn)速：N=60TD4KT=60×2817.672×10001025.91×7.854×0.4458r/min=76.42r/min九、 航行特性計(jì)算取轉(zhuǎn)速為102r/min，97r/min,92r/min進(jìn)行

17、計(jì)算，結(jié)果如下表所示：項(xiàng)目單位數(shù)值Vkn19202122232425VAm/s7.3308337.7166678.1025008.4883338.8741679.2600009.645833N=102r/minJ0.5493320.5782440.6071560.6360680.6649810.6938930.722805KT0.238220.224870.211320.197560.183620.169480.15515KQ0.0358020.0342000.0325650.0308960.0291940.0274560.025682PTEkW22021.3621881.1321590.30

18、21146.3120546.6619788.8518870.41PSkW34843.6033283.7831692.5830069.1228412.3626721.1824994.30N=97r/minJ0.5776480.6080500.6384530.6688550.6992580.7296610.760063KT0.225150.210900.196420.181730.166830.151720.13640KQ0.0342330.0325130.0307570.0289630.0271300.0252560.023339PTEkW18822.2618558.5318149.071759

19、1.3816882.9716021.3815004.12PSkW28653.0527213.8825743.9924242.3622707.8321139.1119534.78N=92r/minJ0.6090420.6410970.6731510.7052060.7372610.7693160.801371KT0.210430.195150.179640.163890.147910.131700.11527KQ0.0324570.0306030.0287070.0267660.0247810.0227470.020663PTEkW15824.6215448.3714931.3214270.99

20、13464.9112510.6111405.62PSkW23178.2721854.3220500.1819114.6717696.4816244.1614756.10將上述計(jì)算結(jié)果繪制成下面兩幅航行特性曲線圖：從航行特性曲線圖可以得到：（1）壓載航行時(shí)可達(dá)最大航速為V=23.8605kn，主機(jī)馬力約為26875kW。（2）超滿載時(shí)可達(dá)最大航速為V=22.4842kn，主機(jī)馬力約為29186kW。（3）滿載航行，N=102r/min時(shí)，可達(dá)最大航速為V=23.1750kn，主機(jī)馬力約為28034.3kW，與設(shè)計(jì)要求基本一致。十、 螺旋槳計(jì)算總結(jié)螺旋槳直徑7.85螺距比P/D=0.9241型式M

21、AU葉數(shù)Z=5盤面比0.7040縱傾角10o螺旋槳效率0=0.6689 設(shè)計(jì)航速Vmax=23.1841kn轂徑比0.1783旋向右旋材料Cu3鎳鋁青銅重量49538.742kg慣性矩1438559.087kgcms2MAU螺旋槳槳葉輪廓尺寸表r/R0.20.30.40.50.60.660.70.80.90.951r / mm785.001177.501570.001962.502355.002590.502747.503140.003532.503728.753925.00從母線到葉片隨邊距離 / mm698.41835.55968.191087.591197.991242.461282.1

22、71308.651211.231050.87431.89從母線到葉片導(dǎo)邊距離 / mm963.691105.321206.991268.931277.681255.441206.741012.40627.72338.47葉片寬度 / mm1662.101940.872175.172356.522475.672497.902488.912321.051838.951389.33葉片厚度 / mm318.71281.82244.92208.03171.13149.15134.2497.3460.4542.3923.55從導(dǎo)邊至最厚點(diǎn)的距離 / mm531.87621.08696.05765.878

23、64.01946.701000.541056.08899.25694.67MAU型葉切面尺寸表r/R 0.2X0.0033.2466.4899.73166.21249.32332.42498.63531.87664.84831.05997.261163.471329.681495.891579.00Yu111.55165.25190.43210.83242.38271.70293.85318.07318.71311.54286.68249.07201.27144.2280.6347.81Yo77.2960.7147.8131.8717.217.490.3X0.0038.8277.63116.4

24、5194.09291.13388.17582.26621.08776.35970.431164.521358.611552.691746.781843.82Yu98.64146.12168.38186.42214.32240.25259.83281.25281.82275.47253.49220.24177.97127.5271.3042.27Yo68.3453.6942.2728.1815.226.620.4X0.0043.5087.01130.51217.52326.28435.03652.55696.05870.071087.591305.101522.621740.141957.652

25、066.41Yu85.72126.99146.34162.01186.26208.79225.82244.43244.92239.41220.31191.40154.67110.8361.9636.74Yo59.3946.6636.7424.4913.235.760.5X0.0047.8495.67143.51239.42358.90478.61718.03765.87952.981186.981420.751654.751888.752122.522239.64Yu72.81107.86124.29137.61158.20177.34191.80207.61208.03203.34187.12162.57131.3794.1352.6331.20Yo50.4539.6331.2020.8011.234.890.6X0.0053.97107.94161.91270.10405.02539.94810.04864.011053.641290.571528.971764.662001.582238.752357.08Yu58.1884.8899.26110.81128.69145.12157.10170.79171.13167.28153.93133.74108.0777.4443.3025.67Y