高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)-介詞ppt課件

1、介 詞一、方位介詞1above，over，on；below，under，beneath(1)above側(cè)重于相對(duì)水平高度，不一定在正上方，其反義詞是below。(2)over側(cè)重于垂直高度，即位于正上方，其反義詞是under。(3)on側(cè)重于與物體表面接觸，其反義詞是beneath。Be careful，there is a heavy box over your head.The position he pointed to was below the sea level.2across，over，through，pastacross意為“橫穿、穿越”，表示運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)生在物體的表面。over意為

2、“跨過，越過”，表示運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)生在物體的上方。through意為“穿過，通過”，表示運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)生在某物的空間。past意為“從旁經(jīng)過”，表示運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)生在某物旁邊。The Great Wall winds its way from west to east，across desert，overmountains，through valleys till at last it reaches the sea.3in，on，to在方位名詞前的區(qū)別。in表示在范圍之內(nèi)；to表示在某范圍之外的地方；on表示“毗鄰”“接壤”。Shandong Province is/lies in the east of Chin

3、a.Japan is/lies to the east of China.二、時(shí)間介詞1at，in，on，by，afteratinonbyafter2.for，from，sincefor后接時(shí)段的名詞詞組，表示行為狀態(tài)持續(xù)了多久。from接時(shí)間點(diǎn)的名詞詞組，表示行為或狀態(tài)的起始點(diǎn)，而不涉及其持續(xù)時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)短。since接時(shí)間點(diǎn)的名詞詞組，不僅表示行為或狀態(tài)的起始點(diǎn)，而且還強(qiáng)調(diào)該行為或狀態(tài)從起始點(diǎn)一直持續(xù)到此時(shí)此刻，因而與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。Mr.Brown enjoyed the country life and lived there for almost fifteen years

4、after his retirement.My younger sister began to learn dancing from the age of five.He has been working in Tibet since he graduated from college.三、工具、手段、方式介詞1by，in，on三詞都表示旅行的方式。by名詞前有冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞等時(shí)用on/in。travel to New York in this plane；go to school on my bike【說明】步行、騎馬、騎駱駝均用on。on foot，on horseback, o

5、n a horse，on the camel2with，by，in三詞均譯為“用”，表示行為的工具、手段或方式。They are digging with a pick/spade.by hand；in inkin English/Japanese四、原因介詞She often hangs her head for shame.He went red with anger.The sports meet will be put off till next Saturday because of the heavy rain.His illness was due to smoking and

6、drinking.Thanks to the Partys good policy，the farmers are now living a happy andrich life.五、介詞與某些詞類的搭配1名詞與介詞的固定搭配(1)常與to搭配的名詞：key，answer，visit，apology，introduction(2)常與in搭配的名詞：interest，satisfaction，expert(3)常與on搭配的名詞：mercy，congratulation(4)常與其他介詞搭配的名詞：prize for，respect for，victory over，struggle with

7、2形容詞與介詞的固定搭配(1)與at搭配的形容詞：afraid，angry，good，bad，clever，surprised，excited，puzzled，frightened(2)與of搭配的形容詞：afraid，sure，certain，full，tired，fond，proud，worthy(3)與with搭配的形容詞：angry，strict，careful，busy，popular(4)與in搭配的形容詞：weak，strict，rich，interested，successful (5)與to搭配的形容詞：next，good，polite，kind，cruel，rude，kno

8、wn，married，close，similar，due(6)與for搭配的形容詞：sorry，famous，fit，unfit，eager，anxious，hungry(7)與from搭配的形容詞：far，different，free，safe，absent，tired(8)與about搭配的形容詞：sorry，worried，anxious，careful，sure，Certain【注】同一形容詞與不同的介詞搭配其含義會(huì)不同。of抽象名詞形容詞of great valuevery valuableof no useuselessa man of wealtha wealthy manto與

9、情感名詞連用，表示“某種行動(dòng)后產(chǎn)生的感覺”：toones to the of sb.Much to my joy，he was quite from danger.at與某些名詞搭配表示“一就”at the sight ofat the thought of過 關(guān) 落 實(shí)1The manager suggested an earlier date _ the meeting. Aon Bfor Cabout Dwith 解析：suggest a date for為(某事)提議一個(gè)日期。 答案：B2Some people choose jobs for other reasons _ money

10、 these days. Afor Bexcept Cbesides Dwith 解析:besides同as well as 或in addition to,表示“除之外還有”。 答案：C3Experts have been warning _ of the health risks caused by passive smoking. Aat a time Bat one time Cfor some time Dfor the time 解析：forsome time表示“有一段時(shí)間”。 答案：C4I think he is taking an active part in social

11、work. I agree with you _. Ain a way Bon the way Cby the way Din the way 解析：in a way在某種程度上。 答案：A5This is a junior school.You should go to a senior school _ girls of your age. Afor Babout Cfrom Dto 解析：for此處意為“(專門)為(你這個(gè)年齡的女孩子們準(zhǔn)備的)”。 答案：A6Although _ my opinion，the old professor didnt come up with his ow

12、n. Aagainst Bon Cfor Din 解析：against在本句中表示“反對(duì)，不贊同”。 答案：A7Fred，who had expected how it would go with his daughter，had a great worry _ his mind. Aon Bin Cwith Dat 解析：have.on/upon ones mind表“關(guān)心，為擔(dān)心”。 答案：A8Its quite _ me why such things have been allowed to happen. Afor Bbehind Cagainst Dbeyond 解析：Its be

13、yond sb.意為“某人不能明白”；beyond意為“(程度) 超出，為所不及”。 答案：D9When do we need to pay the balance? _ September 30. AIn BBy CDuring DWithin 解析：by此處意為“(時(shí)間)在之前，不遲于”。 答案：B10My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was _ it. Ain honour of Bin memory of Cin favour of Din search of 解析：in honour of 意為“尊敬”；in m

14、emory of 表“為了紀(jì)念”；in search of 指“為了尋找”；in favour of 則為“贊成、擁護(hù)、支持”， 與against相對(duì)。 答案：C11I am afraid that I wont be able to spend the weekend with you in Dalian. _，I have no money and for another I am too busy. AAfter all BFor one thing CAbove all DAs well 解析：for one thing.，for another.(用以陳述理由或觀點(diǎn))一則， 再則。

15、答案：B12He hesitated，wondering if he had asked too much _ the lady. Afrom Bof Cfor Dto 解析：ask sth.of sb.期望，要求；ask too much of sb.要求過高。 答案：B13The two phrases are similar _ structure but different _ meaning. Ain；in Bto；to Cin；from Dwith；from 解析：be similar/different in 意為“在方面相似(不同)”。 答案：A14Shall I come for the suit on Friday? Youd better not.It wont be ready _ Friday.You can come and col