論道路綜合網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)組成

1、. .論道路綜合網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)組成prehensive theory of road network system摘要：城市軌道交通通信系統(tǒng)的任務(wù)是建立一個視聽鏈路網(wǎng)，提高現(xiàn)代化管理水平和傳遞語音、數(shù)據(jù)、圖像及文字等各種信息。為了保障軌道交通平安高效地運(yùn)營，軌道交通通信系統(tǒng)主要從兩方面作了改進(jìn)。一方面擴(kuò)大完善了一些新的功能模塊，如通信綜合網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理系統(tǒng)；另一方面對一些傳統(tǒng)模塊采用新的技術(shù)，使它們的性能得到改進(jìn)。系統(tǒng)主要由傳輸系統(tǒng)、公務(wù)系統(tǒng)、專用系統(tǒng)、無線通信系統(tǒng)、播送系統(tǒng)、時鐘系統(tǒng)、視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)、乘客信息系統(tǒng)、電源及接地系統(tǒng)、通信綜合網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理系統(tǒng)等子系統(tǒng)組成。Abstract: urban rail

2、transit munication system's mission is to create a visual link network, improve the level of modern management and transmit voice, data, images and text, etc all kinds of information. In order to efficiently to protect the safety of rail transportation operation, orbit traffic munication system

3、mainly from two aspects has made the improvement. On the one hand, expand some new function module, such as munication integrated network management system; On the other hand for some traditional module USES the new technology, make their performance be improved. System is mainly posed of transmissi

4、on system, public telephone system, telephone system, wireless munication system, broadcasting system, clock system, video monitoring system, passenger information system, power supply and grounding system, posed of subsystems such as integrated munication network management system. 論文關(guān)鍵字：城市軌道通信系統(tǒng)總體

5、構(gòu)成1.傳輸系統(tǒng) 傳輸系統(tǒng)是最重要的子系統(tǒng)，在進(jìn)展總體方案及系統(tǒng)容量設(shè)計時，應(yīng)考慮近期建立和遠(yuǎn)期開展的需求，確保系統(tǒng)性能可靠，容量可擴(kuò)，系統(tǒng)構(gòu)建相對靈活。 為了滿足軌道交通信號、電力監(jiān)控、防災(zāi)、環(huán)境及設(shè)備監(jiān)控、自動售檢票及語音等多種業(yè)務(wù)信息傳輸?shù)男枰瑐鬏斚到y(tǒng)采用以光遷通信為主的傳輸介質(zhì)。傳輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)的邏輯拓?fù)錁?gòu)造采用雙環(huán)構(gòu)造，從而保證系統(tǒng)在故障情況下仍可提供更好的系統(tǒng)恢復(fù)能力，提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)運(yùn)行的可靠性。網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)及用戶接口模塊是用戶接入網(wǎng)絡(luò)的唯一途徑。用戶端的信息經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)實(shí)現(xiàn)上傳下載。由于信息的多樣性，系統(tǒng)可為用戶提供豐富的接口類型。傳輸設(shè)備的網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理系統(tǒng)采用成熟的操作系統(tǒng)，功能強(qiáng)大，界面友好，操作

6、人員可輕松完成對網(wǎng)絡(luò)的配置、管理及維護(hù)工作。2.公務(wù)系統(tǒng) 軌道交通公務(wù)系統(tǒng)是作為專網(wǎng)進(jìn)展網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建的，由程控交換機(jī)、機(jī)及附屬設(shè)備組成。公務(wù)系統(tǒng)與公用網(wǎng)的連接方式采用全自動呼出、呼入方式，通過2M 數(shù)字中繼電路工作。納入本地公用網(wǎng)統(tǒng)一編號。系統(tǒng)功能主要包括：交換功能、計費(fèi)功能、非話業(yè)務(wù)功能包括數(shù)據(jù)、 等非話業(yè)務(wù)、復(fù)原控制方式功能、存儲和譯碼功能、電路選擇和釋放功能、新業(yè)務(wù)功能包括縮位撥號、熱線效勞、呼叫限制、三方通話、呼叫轉(zhuǎn)移、強(qiáng)拆/強(qiáng)插等新功能、維護(hù)管理功能、過壓過流保護(hù)與抗干擾功能。3.專用系統(tǒng) 專用系統(tǒng)是為運(yùn)營組織、電力供應(yīng)、設(shè)備維護(hù)和防災(zāi)救護(hù)提供有效通信手段的重要通信系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)主要由調(diào)度

7、總機(jī)、調(diào)度臺、調(diào)度分機(jī)組成，并通過傳輸系統(tǒng)連接而成。調(diào)度總機(jī)是調(diào)度子系統(tǒng)的核心局部，由具有交換功能的交換機(jī)或交換模塊組成。調(diào)度臺設(shè)在控制中心，是調(diào)度業(yè)務(wù)的操作控制臺。調(diào)度分機(jī)為普通機(jī)，與總機(jī)通過傳輸系統(tǒng)提供的點(diǎn)對點(diǎn)專用音頻話路連接。 實(shí)際應(yīng)用中的系統(tǒng)主要功能包括：通話功能、選叫功能即調(diào)度臺對分機(jī)進(jìn)展單呼、組呼、全呼及分機(jī)對調(diào)度臺進(jìn)展一般呼叫或緊急呼叫、會議功能、錄音功能、維護(hù)管理功能。4.無線通信系統(tǒng) 無線通信系統(tǒng)是為控制中心調(diào)度員、車輛基地調(diào)度員、車站值班員等固定用戶與列車司機(jī)、防災(zāi)、維修、公安等移動用戶之間提供通信手段的專用系統(tǒng)。無線通信系統(tǒng)采用有線和無線相結(jié)合的傳輸方式。中心無線設(shè)備通過

8、傳輸系統(tǒng)與車站、車輛基地的無線基站連接，各基站通過天線空間波傳播或經(jīng)漏纜的輻射構(gòu)成與移動臺的通信。無線通信系統(tǒng)根據(jù)運(yùn)營管理需要分別設(shè)置了行車調(diào)度、防災(zāi)調(diào)度、綜合維修、車輛基地調(diào)度等系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)具有單呼、組呼、全呼、緊急呼叫、呼叫優(yōu)先級權(quán)限設(shè)置等調(diào)度通信功能，并具有錄音、存儲、監(jiān)測等功能。5.視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng) 該系統(tǒng)為運(yùn)營相關(guān)人員提供有關(guān)列車運(yùn)行、防災(zāi)救災(zāi)及乘客疏導(dǎo)等方面的視頻信息。系統(tǒng)由車站本地監(jiān)視系統(tǒng)、控制中心遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)視系統(tǒng)、遠(yuǎn)程多路信號傳輸系統(tǒng)以及多媒體網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理終端組成。系統(tǒng)具有監(jiān)視、控制優(yōu)先級、循環(huán)顯示、任意定格與鎖閉、圖像選擇、實(shí)時錄像、攝像范圍控制、字符疊加等功能。 視頻信號遠(yuǎn)距離傳輸采用數(shù)

9、字傳輸方式，本地視頻傳輸信號采用視頻同軸電纜傳輸。車站與控制中心的視頻和控制信號通過傳輸系統(tǒng)進(jìn)展傳輸，同一時刻同時上傳至控制中心的數(shù)字視頻信號路數(shù)僅與控制中心需同時顯示的路數(shù)有關(guān)，與前端攝像機(jī)數(shù)量無關(guān)。所以在控制中心不需設(shè)置大容量視頻交換矩陣和傳輸設(shè)備，系統(tǒng)構(gòu)造簡單。6.播送系統(tǒng) 播送系統(tǒng)是城市軌道交通行車組織的必要手段，一方面對乘客進(jìn)展播送，通知相關(guān)乘車信息；一方面又是事故搶險，組織指揮的防災(zāi)播送；此外還可以通過播送對運(yùn)營人員發(fā)布有關(guān)信息，以便協(xié)同配合工作。 該系統(tǒng)采用模塊化設(shè)計、總線式構(gòu)造，由車站級、中心級和列車播送設(shè)備組成。具有中心播送、車站播送、預(yù)存播送信息、自動音量調(diào)節(jié)、自動音頻測試

10、和遠(yuǎn)程控制等功能。系統(tǒng)采用中心播送和車站播送兩級控制方式，控制中心的智能播送臺輸出的音頻信號和控制信號，通過高品質(zhì)語音卡提供的RS422 通道，經(jīng)傳輸系統(tǒng)傳輸?shù)礁髡?，再通過語音卡連接到車站播送設(shè)備，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)控制中心的遠(yuǎn)程播送組織和指揮。Paper keywords: urban rail munication system overall position 1. The transmission system transmission system is one of the most important subsystem, when carries on the overall schem

11、e and system capacity design, should consider the recent construction and long-term development needs, to ensure that the system has reliable performance and capacity expansion, system construction is relatively flexible. In order to satisfy the orbit traffic signal, power monitoring, disaster preve

12、ntion, environment and equipment monitoring, automatic fare collection, voice and other business information transmission, the transmission system adopts is given priority to with light moving munication transmission medium. Transmission network USES the double loop of logical topology structure, th

13、us ensuring system is under fault condition can still provide better system recovery ability, improve the reliability of network operation. Network node and user interface module is the only way to user access networks. User information through the network node uploads and downloads. Due to the dive

14、rsity of information, the system can provide rich interface type for the user. Transmission equipment of the network management system adopts the mature operating system, powerful function, friendly interface, the operator can easily plete the network configuration, management and maintenance work.

15、2. Rail transport service telephone service telephone system is built as a private network to network, posed of program-controlled switches, telephones and accessories. Service telephone system with PSTN connect mode adopts automatic breathe out, breathe into the method, by 2 m digital relay circuit

16、 work. Phone number into the local PSTN unity number. System function mainly includes: the telephone exchange, billing, non business functions (such as data, fax, business) and recovery control function, the number is stored and decoding function, selection and release circuit function, new business

17、 functions (including abbreviated dialling, hotline service, call limit, three-way calling and call forwarding, forced demolition/insert new features such as strong), maintenance and management functions, over-voltage and over-current protection and anti-jamming capability. 3. Special telephone syst

18、em dedicated telephone system, power supply for operation, maintenance, and disaster rescue important munications system provides effective means of munication. The system is mainly posed of dispatch switchboard, dispatcher station, dispatch extension, and connected through the transmission system.

19、Scheduling the switchboard is the core part of the dispatching telephone subsystem, by which has the function of exchange of switch or switching modules. Dispatcher station is located in the control center, is dispatching business operations console. Scheduling for ordinary telephone extension, and

20、operator through the transmission system to provide point-to-point special audio voice channel connection. Practical application of system main functions include: phone, call function (namely the dispatcher station extension for single calling, group calling and full calling and an extension to gene

21、ral call or dispatcher station emergency calls), conference, recording, maintenance and management functions. 4. Wireless munication system, wireless munication system is to control center, vehicle base dispatcher, the dispatcher station attendant fixed users and the train driver, disaster preventio

22、n, maintenance, security, etc. Provides a means of munication between mobile users dedicated system. Wireless munication system by adopting the bination of wired and wireless transmission mode. Center for wireless equipment through the transmission system and the base station, vehicle wireless base

23、station connected, through the base station antenna spatial wave propagation or the radiation leakage cable munication with the mobile station. Wireless munication system according to the needs of operation management, respectively, set up scheduling and dispatching, disaster prevention, prehensive

24、maintenance base, vehicle scheduling system. System has a single calling, group calling and full calling, emergency call, call priority scheduling munication functions such as permissions, and with the recording, storage, monitoring, and other functions. 5. Video monitoring system for operating the

25、system relevant personnel regarding the train operation, disaster relief and passenger channel video information. System by the local station remote monitoring system, remote monitoring system, control center multi-channel signal transmission system and the position of multimedia network management

26、terminal. System monitoring, control, loop display, arbitrary fixed priority and locking, image selection, real time video, camera control, character overlay, etc. Video signal remote transmission using digital transmission way, the local video transmission signal using video coaxial cable transmiss

27、ion. Station and the control center of the video and control signal through the transmission system transmission, at the same time also uploaded to the control center of the digital video signal because only associated with the route of the control center needs to display at the same time, has nothi

28、ng to do with the number of front camera. So in the center of the control does not need to set large capacity video switching matrix and transmission equipment, system structure is simple. 6. Radio broadcast system is the essential means to train operation in urban rail transit, on the one hand to p

29、assengers broadcasting, notify the relevant bus information; On the one hand and the accident emergency rescue, organize disaster prevention radio mand; In addition also can be used to broadcast the operating personnel release related information, in order to cooperate to work together. The system a

30、dopts modular design, the bus type structure, the stations, center and train radio equipment. Has a center persisting radio broadcast, radio station, audio information, automatic volume control, automatic test and remote control function. System adopts center radio and radio station two-stage contro

31、l mode, the control center of intelligent radio output audio signal and control signal, through higher quality sound card provides RS422 channel, the transmission system transmission to stations, and then through the sound card is connected to the station broadcasting equipment, so as to realize the

32、 remote radio organization and mand of the control center. 7.乘客信息系統(tǒng) 該系統(tǒng)主要由信息管理系統(tǒng)和終端乘客信息顯示屏組成，乘客信息通過傳輸系統(tǒng)傳輸。在全線各車站及車輛客室內(nèi)設(shè)置乘客信息顯示屏，顯示列車到、發(fā)、乘車須知、時事新聞等各鐘乘客信息，并在發(fā)生突發(fā)事件時具有報警聯(lián)動功能，顯示相關(guān)報警信息。7. This system is mainly posed of passenger information system of information management system and passenger informatio

33、n display terminal, passenger information through the transmission system transmission. Inside each station and the vehicle passenger partment full set up passenger information display, display train to hair, and travel information, passenger information, current affairs and so on various clock and

34、alarm linkage function when it is in the event of emergencies, according to relevant alarm message. 8.時鐘系統(tǒng) 為保證軌道交通運(yùn)營準(zhǔn)時效勞乘客、統(tǒng)一全線設(shè)備標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時間，提供統(tǒng)一定時信號，設(shè)置了時鐘系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)采用GPS全球衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時間信息，由GPS 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時鐘信號接收單元、中心一級母鐘、監(jiān)控設(shè)備、二級母鐘及子鐘組成。系統(tǒng)設(shè)置數(shù)字同步設(shè)備，一級母鐘承受外部GPS 基準(zhǔn)信號并對一級母鐘進(jìn)展校準(zhǔn)，一級母鐘定時向二級母鐘、控制中心的子鐘及其他需提供統(tǒng)一時間信息的各系統(tǒng)發(fā)送時間編碼信號用以校準(zhǔn)；二級

35、母鐘產(chǎn)生時間信號提供本站的子鐘。母鐘具有萬年歷功能并具有年、月、日、時、分、秒輸出與顯示。子鐘能顯示時、分、秒。自身時間精度，一級母鐘在10-7 以上，二級母鐘在10-6 以上。一級母鐘、二級母鐘配置數(shù)字式多路輸出接口，以便向其他各系統(tǒng)提供定時信號。9.電源及接地系統(tǒng) 通信設(shè)備供電應(yīng)采用一級負(fù)荷，電源系統(tǒng)應(yīng)對通信設(shè)備提供不連續(xù)、電壓及頻率相對穩(wěn)定的供電，并具有集中監(jiān)控管理功能。 不連續(xù)電源系統(tǒng)簡稱UPS一般分為UPS 機(jī)柜和蓄電池兩局部，可采用離線式UPS 系統(tǒng)或在線式UPS 系統(tǒng)。離線式UPS 系統(tǒng)平時由市電直接向負(fù)載供電，市電故障時瞬時切換到由逆變器供電實(shí)用于對供電穩(wěn)定性要求不高的設(shè)備供電

36、；在線式UPS 系統(tǒng)由市電經(jīng)整流逆變后再向負(fù)載供電，市電故障時，改由蓄電池逆變器方式向負(fù)載供電，這種方式較前一種方式供電更加穩(wěn)定。UPS 系統(tǒng)包含正常工作模式、蓄電池工作模式、靜態(tài)旁路模式和手動旁路工作模式四種工作模式。 接地系統(tǒng)設(shè)計應(yīng)做到確保人身、通信設(shè)備平安和通信設(shè)備正常工作。通信設(shè)備采用綜合接地方式，綜合接地電阻值要求不大于1，分設(shè)室外接地體的保護(hù)接地及防雷接地的電阻值要求不大于10。10.通信綜合網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理系統(tǒng) 為實(shí)現(xiàn)通信各子系統(tǒng)的集中管理、維護(hù)和故障監(jiān)測，以便實(shí)現(xiàn)故障的快速定位，為盡快修復(fù)故障提供可能，軌道交通通信系統(tǒng)專門構(gòu)建了綜合網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)可對傳輸系統(tǒng)、無線通信系統(tǒng)、系統(tǒng)、

37、播送系統(tǒng)、視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)以及網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理系統(tǒng)自身進(jìn)展監(jiān)控管理。 該系統(tǒng)硬件局部主要由用于收集、處理信息的遠(yuǎn)程終端和位于控制中心的監(jiān)控終端組成?？删幊踢壿嬁刂破骱喎QPLC是構(gòu)成遠(yuǎn)程終端和監(jiān)控終端的核心元件，實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)的采集、分析和處理等功能。系統(tǒng)的遠(yuǎn)程連接及數(shù)據(jù)傳輸仍然由傳輸系統(tǒng)來實(shí)現(xiàn)。軟件局部包括應(yīng)用于PLC 的軟件和應(yīng)用于監(jiān)控終端的軟件。監(jiān)控終端軟件采用可視化圖形界面，界面直觀清晰、簡單明了、操作簡單、數(shù)據(jù)記錄詳細(xì)、便于查找11 完畢語 隨著城市軌道交通建立及通信技術(shù)的迅猛開展，各種應(yīng)用于城市軌道交通運(yùn)營的通信技術(shù)和應(yīng)用方式也在不斷開展，出現(xiàn)了很多滿足各種不同應(yīng)用需求的新技術(shù)、新模式。軌道交通在對功

38、能需求進(jìn)展分析的根底上，結(jié)合自身實(shí)際情況，選擇了適宜的通信系統(tǒng)模式。通過這幾年的運(yùn)營效果來看，通信系統(tǒng)在提高運(yùn)營工作效率和效勞水平上發(fā)揮了重要的作用。8. The clock system for passenger rail transit operation on time services, unified standard time across the equipment, offer unified timing signal, set up the clock system. The system adopts the GPS (global positioning system

39、) standard time information, by the GPS standard clock signal receiving unit, center primary master clock, monitoring equipment, secondary of master clock and slave clock. System set up digital synchronization devices, level 1 masterclock to accept external GPS reference signal and the level of mast

40、er clock calibration, primary master clock timing to secondary masterclock slave clock, control center and unified time is required to provide other information encoding time every system sends signals to the calibration; Secondary masterclock produce time signals provide secondary clock on this sit

41、e. Master clock with calendar function with year, month, day, hours, minutes, seconds, output and display. Slave clock can display hours, minutes, seconds. Their time accuracy, first-level master clock in more than 10 to 7, the secondary master clock in more than 10-6. Primary master clock, secondar

42、y master clock configuration digital multiplexed output interface, so as to provide timing signal to every other system. 9. The power munication equipment power supply and grounding system should use level 1 load, respond to munications equipment to provide uninterrupted power supply system, voltage

43、 and frequency stable power supply, and with centralized monitoring management functions. Uninterrupted power supply system (UPS) is generally divided into two parts, UPS and battery cabinet, an off-line UPS system can be used or on-line UPS system. An off-line UPS system powered by mains electricit

44、y directly to load at ordinary times, instantaneous switch to the inverter power supply mains failure (practical in demand is not high on the stability of power supply equipment power supply); On-line UPS system by mains through rectifier inverter supply power to load after a mains failure, drawn fr

45、om the battery to load, inverter power supply, this way, a way from power supply more stable. UPS system includes normal working mode, the battery model, static bypass mode and manual bypass work four work modes. Grounding system design should be to ensure that the personal, munication equipment and

46、 munication equipment to work normally. munications equipment adopts prehensive grounding method, prehensive requirement is not more than 1 grounding resistance, separate grounding protection of outdoor grounding and lightning protection grounding resistance requirement is not greater than 10 . 10. munication integrated network management system for centralized management of the munication between each subsystem, maintenance and fault monitoring, in order to achieve fast fault location, and to provide possible to repair the fault as soon as possible, special railway munication system to