外研社八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)module16重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)法

1、八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)法Module 1 how to learn English1. in pairs 成雙的，成對(duì)的2. match- with- 把-與-配對(duì)3. welcome back 歡迎回來welcome back to- 歡迎回到4. the way to do sth 做某事的方法5. some advice 一些建議advise sb to do sth 建議某人做某事 比較：suggest+sb. (should) do sth. 建議某人做某事 suggest doing sth 建議做某事6. try to do sth 盡力做某事 try not to do s

2、th 盡力不要做某事try doing sth 嘗試做某事7. as much as possible 盡可能多地8. write down 寫下，記下 write them down 把它們寫下來9. make a mistake / make mistakes 犯錯(cuò)誤10. forget to do sth 忘記去做某事 forget doing sth 忘記做過某事remember to do sth 記得去做某事 remember doing sth 記得做過某事11. so many+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 如此多的 so much+不可數(shù)名詞so+adj. 如此12. get to know

3、 開始知道13. agree with sb. 同意某人的觀點(diǎn)14. need to do sth. 需要做某事15. key words 關(guān)鍵詞 main idea 大意16. Thats a good idea. 那是一個(gè)好主意17. what else? 還有什么其他的嗎？18. Thanks a lot. = Thank you very much. 非常感謝。19. send sb sth.= send sth to sb 把某物寄給某人20. ask for 請(qǐng)求，尋求 ask for advice 請(qǐng)求建議, ask for help 尋求幫助ask sb for 向某人索要21

4、. improve their English 提高他們的英語(yǔ)22. how to do sth 如何做某事23. basic questions 基本的問題24. several times幾次 each time 每次 time 表示次數(shù)可數(shù)，時(shí)間不可數(shù) 25. something new 一些新的東西26. the meaning of- -的意思27. be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth/sb 擔(dān)心某物、某人28. start a conversation 開始一段對(duì)話29. smile at- 對(duì)微笑30. speak quickly

5、快速地說31. take- around 帶-參觀32. millions of 數(shù)百萬的33. worry about = be worried about 擔(dān)心-34. a piece of - 一張/片/塊 a piece of paper 一張紙 two pieces of paper兩張紙35. It is + adj.+（for sb）+ to do sth （對(duì)于某人來說）做某事是怎樣的It is + adj.+（of sb）+ to do sth 做某事覺得某人是怎樣的。常用句型：提建議的方式We should do sth. 我們應(yīng)該做某事。 should+v原形Why no

6、t do sth-?= why dont you/we do sth-? 為何不做某事呢？What/how about doing sth? 做某事怎么樣？Lets do sth. 讓我們做某事吧。Shall we do sth? 我們做某事好嗎？Its a good idea to do sth. 做某事是一個(gè)好主意。Youd better do sth. 你最好做某事。Module 2 my home town and my country1. pretty good = very good 相當(dāng)好 pretty adv. 非常，很She looks pretty. 她看起來很漂亮。 Pr

7、etty adj. 漂亮的2. on the coast 在海岸線上3. in fact 事實(shí)上4. in the 1980s 在20世紀(jì)80年代5. get bigger and busier 變得更大共更繁忙 get指sthbecome famous 變得有名 become 指sb6. some day 某一天，用于將來時(shí)one day 某一天，用于過去時(shí)和將來時(shí)7. as+adj/adv.原級(jí)+as- -和 -一樣8. whats the population of +地點(diǎn)？表示人口多和“少”,不用much，little而要用large, small has a population o

8、f + 數(shù)字 （某地）有-人口9. come from= be from 來自10. in the east of - in 在地點(diǎn)內(nèi)部 on 兩點(diǎn)接壤 to 兩地不接壤Chengdu is in the west of Sichuan. 成都在四川的西部。Yunnan is on the south of Sichuan. 云南在四川的南邊。Japan is to the east of China. . 日本在中國(guó)的東邊。11. on the River Cam 在康河河畔12. be famous for + sth 因-而著名be famous as + 職業(yè). 作為-而著名14. s

9、uch as 比如 列舉同類事物中的幾個(gè)例子 for example 例如 列舉一個(gè)例子，一般用逗號(hào)隔開15. old buildings and churches to visit 可參觀的古老建筑物和教堂 Much homework to do 許多要做的家庭作業(yè) Something to eat 一些吃的東西16. be popular with- 17. show sb. sth. = show sth to sb 給某人展示某物語(yǔ)法： 形容詞比較級(jí)（一）1. 結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+ be動(dòng)詞+ adj.比較級(jí)+ than+ 賓語(yǔ) - 比- 更 She is taller than me. 她比

10、我高。（注意）當(dāng)比較兩個(gè)事物時(shí)，英語(yǔ)中要用到比較級(jí)的句型結(jié)構(gòu)，其中標(biāo)志詞為than.2. adj比較級(jí)構(gòu)成：構(gòu)成方法原級(jí)比較級(jí)單音節(jié)和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)單詞一般在詞尾加-ertall, long, short, newTaller, longer, shorter, newer以字母e結(jié)尾的形容詞直接加rwide, large, nicewider, larger, nicer以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的形容詞，如末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，應(yīng)先雙寫該字母，再加-erbig, fat, hot, red, thinBigger, fatter, hotter, redder, thinner以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的形

11、容詞，先把y變?yōu)閕，再加-erbusy, heavy, earlybusier, heavier, earlier3. 常見的修飾比較級(jí)的詞有：much -得多, a little有點(diǎn), even甚至，更Eg: Mike is much stronger than me. 邁克比我強(qiáng)壯得多 She is a little taller than me. 她比我稍高。 Jack works even harder at maths than you 杰克在數(shù)學(xué)方面比你學(xué)得更努力。4. 用比較級(jí)表示最高級(jí)：比較級(jí)+than+any other +可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)Eg: Changjiang is lo

12、nger than any other river in china 長(zhǎng)江比中國(guó)任何一條河流都長(zhǎng)。. = Changjiang is the longest river in china. 長(zhǎng)江是中國(guó)最長(zhǎng)的河流。5. 比較級(jí)?？紟追N題型。1) 比較級(jí)+than Im fatter than you.2) Which 引導(dǎo)的選擇疑問句，兩者之間Which one is bigger, this one or that one?3) 比較級(jí)+比較級(jí) 表示 越來越-I m getting fatter and fatter.4) The+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí) 越-, 就越-The harder y

13、ou work, the better you will do. 你工作越努力，就會(huì)做得越好。The more you eat, the fatter you will be. 你吃得越多，就會(huì)變得越胖。5) as-as- 和-一樣 she is as fat as me. 她比我胖。not as/so-as- -不及- （中間用原級(jí)）she isnt as fat as me.她不及我胖.Module3 sports 1. whats the score? 比分是多少?2. whats the matter? = whats wrong? 怎么了？Whats the matter with

14、- ? = whats wrong with- ? -怎么了？3. look tired 看起來很累。4. plenty of = lots of = a lot of =many/much 大量，許多5. not - at all 一點(diǎn)也不，根本不6. thats because - 那是因?yàn)?. bad luck 壞運(yùn)氣 good luck 好運(yùn)氣8. Never mind! 別介意！9. fan club 球迷俱樂部10. play against 對(duì)抗，同-比賽11. so that +句子 目的是，為了12. warm up 熱身13. have a chance of - 有個(gè)-機(jī)

15、會(huì)14. be late for- 遲到，來晚15. be pleased with sth/sb. 對(duì)-滿意be pleased to do sth 對(duì)做某事滿意16. what a pity! 多么可惜??！17. get lost= be lost 迷路lose to- 輸給-18. keep fit = keep healthy = stay healthy 保持健康19. all the same仍然at first 首先20. around the world = all over the world21. ed, -ing 結(jié)尾的形容詞的用法：-ed結(jié)尾的修飾人 -ing結(jié)尾的修飾

16、物interested 感興趣的 interesting 有趣的 excited 興奮的 exciting 令人激動(dòng)的 relaxed 放松的 relaxing 令人放松的bored 無聊的 boring 枯燥的，乏味的 tired 勞累的 tiring 令人勞累的形容詞比較級(jí)（二）和副詞的比較級(jí)1. 構(gòu)成：部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞，在該詞前面加more構(gòu)成比較級(jí)。 beautiful- more beautiful interesting- more interesting important- more important dangerous- more dangerous2. 由形容詞加l

17、y 構(gòu)成的雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞，都是在該詞前面加ly構(gòu)成比較級(jí) slowly- more slowly quickly- more quickly 3. 不規(guī)則變化：原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good / wellbetterbestbad /badly/ illworseworstmany / muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/ furtherfarthest / furthestoldolder /elderoldest / eldest4.形容詞和副詞的用法1) 形容詞通常放在名詞之前，作定語(yǔ)，或者放在系動(dòng)詞(be, look, get, become-)后

18、，作表語(yǔ) a beautiful flower一朵漂亮的花 The teacher is careful. 這位老師很細(xì)心2) 副詞修飾動(dòng)詞放在后面Listen carefully很仔細(xì)地聽 dance really well跳舞跳得真好 run fast/slowly跑得快/慢 module 4 planes, ships, and trains1. what happened? 發(fā)生什么事了：Whats happening? 正在發(fā)生什么事？Sth happened + 時(shí)間/地點(diǎn) 某事發(fā)生在-Sth happened to sb 某人出了某事Sb happens/ed to do sth

19、 某人碰巧做某事2. by +交通工具 作方式狀語(yǔ) by bus/train/taxi/plane 乘公交/火車/出租/飛機(jī) 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞take 表乘坐 take the/a bus 坐公交車 take the underground 乘地鐵 Ride a bike= by bike= on a bike/ on one bike 騎自行車 Take the bus = by bus= on/in a bus 乘公交車3. a traffic accident 一起交通事故 by accident 偶然4. most of 大多數(shù)的5. heavy traffic 擁擠的交通6. Thats a

20、 good choice. 是一個(gè)好的選擇7. a bit=a little 一點(diǎn)兒（修飾adj/adv） a bit tired 一點(diǎn)兒累8. the same as -和-相同 be different from -和-不同9. far from 遠(yuǎn)離 be /get close to 離-近10. a crowded street 一條擁擠的街道11. all the time 一直，總是12. Dont worry! = Dont be worried! 別擔(dān)心！13. 花費(fèi) 1) take 主語(yǔ)一般是it，或者是sth It takes/took sb some time to do

21、 sth.2) Spend主語(yǔ)只能是sb: sb. spend/ some time/some money on sth sb. spend some time/some money (in) doing sth.3) pay主語(yǔ)是 sb： pay for支付sb. pay some money for sth.4) cost 主語(yǔ)是sth, 表示價(jià)錢為- sth cost (sb) some money14. have to 不得不 15. wait for 等待 16. at the airport在機(jī)場(chǎng)17. because + 句子 因?yàn)? because of + 單詞/ 短語(yǔ) 由于

22、-18. cross= go across穿過19. however 然而，但是 表示轉(zhuǎn)折，通常用逗號(hào)與句子其他成分隔開語(yǔ)法：形容詞和副詞最高級(jí)的用法1. adj/adv最高級(jí)構(gòu)成：構(gòu)成方法原級(jí)比較級(jí)單音節(jié)和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)單詞一般在詞尾加-esttall, long, short, newTallest, longest, shortest, newest以字母e結(jié)尾的形容詞直接加stwide, large, niceWidest, largest, nicest以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的形容詞，如末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，應(yīng)先雙寫該字母，再加-estbig, fat, hot, red, thinBigge

23、st, fattest, hottest, reddest, thinnest以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的形容詞，先把y變?yōu)閕，再加-estbusy, heavy, earlybusiest, heaviest, earliest2. 部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞，在該詞前面加most構(gòu)成最高級(jí)。 beautiful- most beautiful interesting- most interesting important- most important dangerous- most dangerous3. adj/adv最高級(jí)的用法1) adj/adv最高級(jí)+ in/of Jack is the

24、 tallest in our class. 杰克是我們班最高的。 Jack is the tallest of the three. 杰克是三個(gè)中最高的。2) 選擇疑問句中，三者及三者以上時(shí)Which student is the tallest, Jim, Joe or Daming? 3) One of +adj/adv.最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 表示最-之一 Lao she is one of the most famous writers in china.4) 序數(shù)詞+ adj最高級(jí)Changing river is the first longest river in china.M

25、odule 5 Lao Shao Teahouse1. take sb. to sw. 帶某人去某地2. You know. 你知道的。3. in the end最后 at the end of- 在- 末尾 at the beginning of在- 的開始4. Thats the main thing. 那是主要的事情。5. No idea.= I have no idea.= I dont know. 不知道。6. common people 普通人7. in the twentieth century 在20世紀(jì)8. finish school 畢業(yè)9. return= come/go

26、 back 回來 return to-= come/go back to-回到某地10. give a warm welcome to - 熱烈歡迎-11. translate - into- 把- 翻譯成-12. over= more than 超過13. be named= be called - 被稱為-14. take place 發(fā)生 （指有計(jì)劃，有預(yù)謀的發(fā)生） The Olympic Games of 2008 took place in Beijing. happen 發(fā)生 （指事情偶然或沒有預(yù)見的發(fā)生）An accident happened on the street. 常見

27、動(dòng)詞接雙賓語(yǔ)的：1. send sb. sth = send sth to sb 把某物寄給某人2. give sb. sth = give sth to sb. 把某物給某人3. tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 把某事告訴某人4. teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb. 教某人某事5. show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 拿某物給某人看6. lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 把某物借給某人7. return sb. sth. = return sth. to sb 把

28、某物還給某人8. offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 把某物提供給某人9. take sb. sth. = take sth. to sb. 把某物帶給某人10. pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. 把某物遞給某人11. tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告訴某人某事12. buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 為某人買某物13. make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb. 為某人制作某物14. cook sb. sth. = cook sth. f

29、or sb. 為某人煮/烹飪某物15. book sb. sth. = book sth for sb. 為某人預(yù)訂某物Module 6 Animals in danger 1. at last= in the end = finally 最后2. be interested in sth/ doing sth. 對(duì)某事/做某事感興趣3. think of = think about 想到，想起 What do you think of/ about- ? 你認(rèn)為- 怎么樣4. protect- from- 保護(hù)- 免受- 傷害5. take away 帶走，拿走 6. grow up 成長(zhǎng)7

30、. have a safe place to live 有一個(gè)安全的居住地8. in peace 平靜地 in danger 處于危險(xiǎn)之中9. look after = take care of 照顧10. find out 找出，查明（通過調(diào)查）11. help sb (to) do sth. 幫助某人做某事 help sb with sth 幫助某人某事 12. wild animals 野生動(dòng)物 in the wild 在野外13. research centre 研究中心 do a lot of research 做大量研究14. difficult situation 嚴(yán)峻的形勢(shì) 15. in the forest 在森林里16. in order to + do sth 為了- so that + 句子 目的是，為了17. set up 建立 18. develop plans = make plans 制定計(jì)劃19. many kinds of- 許多種- a kind of-一種語(yǔ)法： 固定搭配：常見動(dòng)詞不定時(shí)to do 的用法1. want to do sth. = would like to do sth. 2. plan to do sth. 計(jì)劃做某事3. offer to