情態(tài)動(dòng)詞講解練習(xí)題和答案

1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主要用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的看法、態(tài)度等,但不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ),只能和其他動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。1. can (could)1) 表示能力，could主要指過(guò)去時(shí)間。例如： Two eyes can see more than one. 兩只眼比一只眼看得清。 Could the girl read before she went to school? 這女孩上學(xué)前能識(shí)字嗎？ 因?yàn)閏an不能和其他助動(dòng)詞連用，所以表示將來(lái)式時(shí)用will be able to 例：You will be able to skate after you have practiced it two or three time

2、s.注意：Can表示一貫的能力 ，be able to表示客觀(guān)能力和通過(guò)努力可以達(dá)到的能力 I cant swim. But I am sure I will be able to swim through more practicing. The fire spread through the hotel, but everyone was able to get out2) 表示允許。例如： Can I have a look at your new pen? 我可以看一看你的新鋼筆嗎？ He asked whether he could take the book out of the

3、readingroom. 他問(wèn)他可不可以把書(shū)帶出閱覽室。3) 表驚異、懷疑、不相信等態(tài)度。主要用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句或感嘆句中。例如： Where can (could) they have gone to? 他們會(huì)去哪兒了呢？ How can you be so careless? 你怎么這么粗心？could 加完成式還用于肯定句時(shí)一般表過(guò)去可能完成而卻未完成的動(dòng)作。You could have completed the task a little earlier.你本來(lái)能早點(diǎn)完成任務(wù)的。（但事實(shí)上并沒(méi)有提前完成任務(wù)）I could have passed my examination eas

4、ily but I made too many stupid mistakes.我本可以輕易通過(guò)考試，但我犯了太多不該犯的錯(cuò)誤。如表具體做某一件事的能力時(shí)，則須用 be able to .He was able to translate the article without a dictionary.他可以不用詞典翻譯那篇文章。2may (might) 1) 表允許，might可以指過(guò)去時(shí)間，也可指現(xiàn)在時(shí)間，語(yǔ)氣更委婉。例如： You may take whatever you like.你喜歡什么就拿什么。 May (Might) I ask for a photo of your bab

5、y? 我可以要一張你寶寶的照片嗎？2) 在回答以may引起的問(wèn)句時(shí)，多避免用這個(gè)詞，而用其它方式，如Yes, please. / Certainly. / Please dont. / Youd better not. / No, you mustnt.等，以免顯得太嚴(yán)峻或不客氣。3)may /might 推測(cè)性用法 可能He may be right. He may not come today (可能不) He may /might come tomorrow.注意 : (1)只用于肯定和否定句中,不用于疑問(wèn)句中。 (2) might 比may可能性更小 He might get a jo

6、b. He may get a job. (3) may not 可能不 can not不可能 He may not come . He cant come4)表建議（可和as well 連用）You may（might）as well stay where you are. 你還是原地待著好。（may as well 有“還是的好”的含義）5)表祝愿May you be happy!6). might表過(guò)去的“可能”和“允許”多用于間接引語(yǔ)。She said that he might take her dictionary. 她說(shuō)他可以拿她的詞典去用。除在間接引語(yǔ)中外，might一般不表示

7、過(guò)去的“可能”與“許可”。表過(guò)去的“可能”可用could，表過(guò)去的“許可”可用were (was) allowed to。7)might表現(xiàn)在的“可能”，其可能性要比may小。Electric irons could be dangerous; they might give you a severe shock.8)may (might) + have +done 表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生行為的推測(cè)，含有“想必”、“也許是”的意思。It may have been true. 這事也許是真的。He might not have settled the question. 他可能尚未解決那個(gè)問(wèn)題。3.

8、must1)表示義務(wù)。意為“必須”（主觀(guān)意志）。例如：We must do everything step by step .我們必須按部就班地做一切事情。Why must you always bother me? 為什么你偏要打擾我呢。2)must be + 表語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)，通常表示猜測(cè)，含有“一定”之意。（只用在肯定句中）He must be an honest boy.他一定是個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的男孩This must be your room.這一定是你的房間。3)must 的否定式有兩個(gè)：當(dāng)回答由must引起的問(wèn)題時(shí)，否定答復(fù)要用neednt或dont have to 表示“不必”、“無(wú)須”、“用

9、不著”、“不一定”的意義。當(dāng)表示“不應(yīng)該”、“不許可”、“禁止”時(shí)，就用must not。Must I go tomorrow?明天我必須去嗎？Yes, please. No , you neednt. 4)must +have +過(guò)去分詞的結(jié)構(gòu)，常用在肯定句中，表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生行為的推測(cè)，含有“一定”、“準(zhǔn)是”的意思。否定和疑問(wèn)句用can。She must have studied English before.她以前一定學(xué)過(guò)英語(yǔ)。5) 區(qū)別：have to的含義與must是很接近的,只是have to 比較強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀(guān)需要，must著重說(shuō)明主觀(guān)看法。I must clean the room.（

10、主觀(guān)想法） I have to clean the room.（客觀(guān)需要）另外，have to 能用于更多時(shí)態(tài)：We had to be there at ten .我們得在十點(diǎn)鐘到那里。We will have to reconsider the whole thing.have to 的否定式：dont have to do 表示“不必做”之意。4.shall 1) 表征詢(xún)意見(jiàn)，用于第一、第三人稱(chēng)疑問(wèn)句。例如： Shall I get you some tea? 我給你點(diǎn)茶好嗎？ Shall the boy wait outside? 讓那男孩在外面等嗎？2)表說(shuō)話(huà)人的意愿，有“命令、允諾

11、、警告、決心”等意思，用于第二、第三人稱(chēng)陳述句。例如： You shall do as I say. 按我說(shuō)的做。（命令） You shall have my answer tomorrow. 你明天可以得到我的答復(fù)。（允諾） He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you. 有一天他會(huì)后悔的，我告訴你。（警告） Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan. 什么也不能阻止我們執(zhí)行這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。（決心）5. should1)用于第一人稱(chēng)疑問(wèn)句中詢(xún)問(wèn)對(duì)方的意愿，但語(yǔ)氣較委婉溫和，如：What should

12、 we do now? 我們現(xiàn)在該怎么辦？2)表示應(yīng)該、必須，常與must 換用。例如：We should (must) master a foreign language at least.3）（表示不確定）萬(wàn)一。例如： If I should see him, Ill tell him. 萬(wàn)一我見(jiàn)到他，我就告訴他。 If it should rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be postponed. 萬(wàn)一明天下雨。4)“should+be+表語(yǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示推測(cè)或驚奇。例如：They should be back by now. 他們現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該

13、回來(lái)了吧。I am sorry that she should be so careless. 我感到遺憾她竟會(huì)那樣粗心。5)“should+have+過(guò)去分詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示過(guò)去該做而實(shí)際上尚未做的動(dòng)作或行為；其否定則表示發(fā)生了不應(yīng)該發(fā)生的行為。其同義結(jié)構(gòu)“ought to have +過(guò)去分詞”,表示過(guò)去“早應(yīng)該”、“本當(dāng)”之意，語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)。例如：I should have thought of that. 這一點(diǎn)我是應(yīng)當(dāng)想到的。（但沒(méi)想到）They should not have left so soon.他們不應(yīng)當(dāng)走得這么早。（但已走了）6) 在“It is natural (strang

14、e, natural, necessary, surprised, impossible, important ) that”句型中，主語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用should +動(dòng)詞原形”表示“理所當(dāng)然”、“奇怪”、“必要”、“驚異”等的意思。在lest（以免）、for fear (that) (以防)、in case（以備萬(wàn)一）等之后也要用should+動(dòng)詞原形;在advise, sugest, order, demand, request 等的從句中should+do”例如：It is necessary that he(should) be sent there at once.It is

15、strange that he should say so. 他會(huì)說(shuō)這樣的話(huà)真是奇怪。6.will和would的用法1）表示意志，決心或愿望。例如：Surely we will support all the people in the world in their struggle for peace.He would not let me try it . 他不肯讓我去試。2）will表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性、傾向性，would表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣行為。He will sit there hour after hour looking at the traffic go by.He would com

16、e to see me when he was in Beijing.3）用于第二人稱(chēng)作主語(yǔ)的疑問(wèn)句中，表示對(duì)對(duì)方的請(qǐng)求，would的語(yǔ)氣比will委碗Would/will you kindly tell me the way to the station? 請(qǐng)問(wèn)到火車(chē)站怎么走？4）表可能性This will be the book you are looking for. 這可能就是你要找的書(shū)。She would be about 60 when she died.7.ought to 表義務(wù)，意為“應(yīng)該”（因責(zé)任、義務(wù)等該做），口氣比should稍輕。例如： You are his fat

17、her. You ought to take care of him.你是他父親，應(yīng)當(dāng)管他。 You oughtnt to smoke so much. 你不應(yīng)該抽這么多煙。8. used to1）表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，現(xiàn)在不復(fù)發(fā)生或存在。疑問(wèn)式和否定式有兩種。例如：i There used to be a building at the street corner, but it has been pulled down. I usednt (didnt use) to smoke. 我過(guò)去不抽煙。j F Used you (Did you use) to go to school on

18、 foot? 你過(guò)去常步行去學(xué)校嗎？2）used to +v, be used to +v-ing和be used to +v used to +v意為“過(guò)去常常”，“過(guò)去一直”；be used to +v-ing / n（名詞）意為“習(xí)慣于”；be used to +v意為“被用來(lái)（做某事）”。例：He used to smoke. Now he doesnt. Hes quite used to hard work / working hard.The knife is used to cut bread.9.特殊情態(tài)動(dòng)詞need和dare的用法：need和dare既可用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，也可用

19、作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主要用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句。用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可用于各種句式。need 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在時(shí)You need (not) do He need (not) do You (dont) need to do He needs (doesnt need) to do 過(guò)去時(shí)You needed (didnt need) to do He needed (didnt need) to do將來(lái)時(shí)You need (not) do He need (not) do You will (not) need to doHe will (not) need to dodare 情態(tài)

20、動(dòng)詞 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在時(shí) dare to/darent/dare not doDare he do? dare/dares to dodo/does not dare (to) doDo you/Does he dear (to) do?過(guò)去時(shí)dared to/dared not doDared he do? dared to do/did not dare (to) doDid he dare (to) do1) 用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。例如：|You neednt telephone him now. She dare not go out alone at night. 她晚上不敢一個(gè)人出去。2) 用

21、作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。例如：You dont need to do it yourself. I dare say hell come again.我想他會(huì)再來(lái)（I dare say為固定二、 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)：1.can 表示可能（理論上或是邏輯判斷上）。例如：,_K He cant (couldnt) have enough money for a new car. 他不可能有足夠的錢(qián)買(mǎi)新車(chē)。 You mustnt smoke while youre walking around in the wood. You could start a fire. 在林子里走時(shí)勿吸煙，那樣可能會(huì)引起火災(zāi)。2.ma

22、y 表可能（事實(shí)上）?？梢灾高^(guò)去時(shí)間，也可以指現(xiàn)在時(shí)間，但語(yǔ)氣更加不肯定。 He may be at home. 他可能在家。 She may not know about it.3. must 表示揣測(cè)。意為“想必、準(zhǔn)是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。 He must be ill. He looks so pale. 他準(zhǔn)是病了。他的臉色蒼白。 Shes wearing a diamond necklace. She must have a lot of money. 4. should 表推測(cè)，意為“想必一定、照說(shuō)應(yīng)該、估計(jì)”等。例如： The film should be very good

23、 as it is starring first-class actors. 這部新電影是一流演員主演的，估計(jì)拍得很好。 They should be home by now. 照說(shuō)他們現(xiàn)在應(yīng)當(dāng)已經(jīng)到家了。5. ought to 表推測(cè)，暗含很大的可能，語(yǔ)氣較弱。例如： Han Mei ought to know his telephone number. 韓梅該知道他的電話(huà)號(hào)碼。 Theres a fine sunset; it ought to be a fine day tomorrow. 今天有晚霞，明天應(yīng)該是個(gè)好天。6. could可能性不大，語(yǔ)氣較弱。7 might 可能性最小，語(yǔ)

24、氣最弱。表示可能性大小的順序?yàn)椋?must will would ought to should can could may might7.would rather, would sooner, would (just) as soon, had rather, had better, had sooner, can not but, may (just) as well等可用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。例如：1）The soldier would sooner die than surrender. The brave soldier would as soon die as yield to such a

25、n enemy. Id rather walk than take a bus.If you dont like to swim, you may just as well stay at home.2)would (had) rather, would (had) sooner, would (just) as soon后可跟that 引導(dǎo)的從句，that 常省去，從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。對(duì)現(xiàn)在和將來(lái)的假設(shè)用過(guò)去時(shí)，對(duì)過(guò)去的假設(shè)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。例如：I would rather you came on Sunday. I would sooner you hadnt asked me to spea

26、k yesterday.8.表推測(cè)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞句子的反意疑問(wèn)句He must/may be in the room, isnt he? He cant be in the room, is he？He must have finished the work, hasnt he? He may have done the work last night, didnt he?結(jié)構(gòu)：1情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ 動(dòng)詞原形 （對(duì)現(xiàn)在和將來(lái)的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行推測(cè)）He must understand that we mean business.2情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be +doing (對(duì)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行推測(cè))-Where is Li

27、Lei ? - He may be studying at school.3.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have +done ( 對(duì)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行推測(cè)) must have done 一定干了某事 could have done 可能干了某是或本可以干了某事may/might have done 也許已經(jīng)干了某事 should/ ought to have done 本應(yīng)該做了某事可是沒(méi)有做need not have done 本不必干了某事 表示過(guò)去做了某事，但沒(méi)有做的必要，意為“本沒(méi)必要” You neednt have waken me up; I dont have to go to work to

28、dayhad better have done 最好干了某事 would rather have done 寧愿干了某事would like / love have done 本想干了某事其實(shí)未干 Since the road is wet, it must have rained last night.備注：態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + have +done 反義問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)由有無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)來(lái)決定。Lucy must have worked last night, didnt she?Lucy must have worked , hasnt she? 4.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have been + v-ing形式 （表

29、示推測(cè)或評(píng)論過(guò)去某動(dòng)作是否正在進(jìn)行或一直在進(jìn)行）They should have been meeting to discuss the problem.三、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞其它用法1. cannot but do sth. 表示不得不，只好 I cannot but choose to go.2. may well +動(dòng)詞原形 完全能， 很可能 He may well be proud of his son.3. may as well 最好 We may as well stay where we are.4 cannot ( 或never 等否定詞)與enough 表示再也不為過(guò) You can

30、not be careful enough.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞練習(xí)題1. Jack described his father, who _a brave boy many years ago, as a strongwilled manA. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been 2.You_ buy a gift, but you can if you want to.A. must B. mustnt C. have to D. dont have to3. I have told you the truth. _ I kee

31、p repeating it?A Must B Can C May D Will4. I_ have watched that movie itll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldnt B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt5. Mark _ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. couldnt 6. _ I take the book out? Im afrai

32、d not.A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need7.Just be patient .You _ expect the world to change so soon .A. cant B. neednt C. may not D. whether 8.I havent got the reference book yet, but Ill have a test on the subject next month. Dont worry. You_ have it by Friday.A. could B. shall C. must D. may 9.May I t

33、ake this book out of the reading room? No, you_ . You read it in here. A. mightnt B. wont C. neednt D. mustnt10.Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _ be regular exercise.Acan Bwill Cmust Dmay11.-Good morning. Ive got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department. -

34、Ah, good morning. You _ be Mrs. Peters. A. might B. must C. would D. Can12.“You _ have a wrong number,” she said. “Theres no one of that name here.”A. need B. can C. must D. would 13.-Sorry, Professor Smith. I didnt finish the assignment yesterday.-Oh, you _ have done it as yesterday was the deadlin

35、e.A. must B. mustnt C. should D. shouldnt14. Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he-_A. was busy B. is busy C. had been busy. D. will be busy 15. John went to the hospital alone. If he_ me about it, I would have gone with him.A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told 16. George is going to tal

36、k about the geography of his country, but Id rather he_ more on its culture.A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused17.If we _ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken18.-The weather has been very hot and dry. -Yes. If it

37、 had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables .A. wouldnt die B. didnt die C. hadnt died D. wouldnt have died 19Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy . Awould have been saved Bhad been saved C.will be saved Dwas saved20. Its the offic

38、e! So you_ know eating is not allowed here. Oh, sorry.A. must B. will C. may D. need21. What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There_ be twelve.A. should B. would C. will D. shall22. I dont care what people think. Well, you _A. could B. would C. should D. might23.I cant find my purse anywhere

39、.You have lost it while shopping.A.may B.can C.should D.would24.It is usually warm in my hometown in March，but it be rather cold sometimes.A.must B.can C.should D.would25.Hows your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?It_ be， but it is now heavily polluted.A.will B.would C.should D.must26.Wha

40、ts the name?Khulaifi. _ I spell that for you?A.Shall B.Would C.Can D.Might27.John，look at the time. _ you play the piano at such a late hour?A.Must B.Can C.May D.Need28.Catherine，I have cleaned the room for you.Thanks. You_ it.I could manage it myself.A. neednt do B. neednt have done C.mustnt do D.s

41、houldnt have done29.Ill tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.You_ her last week.A.ought to tell B.would have told C.must tell D.should have told30.Excuse me.Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?Sorry，I am not sure. But it_ be.A.might B.will C.must D.can1. D. 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞推測(cè)用法。句意為“杰克把他的父親描述為一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人，他

42、的父親多年前肯定很勇敢?！庇胢ust have been表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的肯定推測(cè)。2. D情態(tài)動(dòng)詞dont have to 意為“沒(méi)有必要”，符合語(yǔ)境，句意為：“你沒(méi)有必要買(mǎi)禮物，但如果你想買(mǎi)的話(huà)，你也可以買(mǎi)?！?. A考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。must 必須, 一定 can 可以, 能夠 may 也許 will 意愿, 傾向性動(dòng)作, 前半句說(shuō)我告訴你事實(shí)了, 這里用的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí), 表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了影響, 既然我已經(jīng)說(shuō)了, 我還必須重復(fù)一遍嗎？4.A本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意應(yīng)為“我本來(lái)不應(yīng)該看那部電影的-它會(huì)使我做噩夢(mèng)的?！北硎尽氨緛?lái)不應(yīng)該做而做了某事”用shouldnt have

43、done, 所以A項(xiàng)正確。5. A. 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。邁克本來(lái)不必要那么忙的。這么高速駕駛之后，他早半個(gè)小時(shí)到達(dá)了。根據(jù)后面的語(yǔ)境，提前半個(gè)小時(shí)到達(dá)，說(shuō)明Mark本來(lái)不必那么匆忙，所以用neednt have done 結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“本來(lái)不必要做某事的而實(shí)際上做了”。6.B考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。表請(qǐng)求可用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, may, could, might ,表允許用can, may.句意為：“我可以將這本書(shū)帶出去嗎？”“恐怕不行”。故應(yīng)選表情請(qǐng)求的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may。7. A耐心一點(diǎn)兒，你不能期望世界變化如此快。通過(guò)選項(xiàng)此題考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，cant在否定句中可以表示推測(cè)，譯為不可能，可以表示能力，譯為不能夠，

44、也可以表示命令，不允許，但是語(yǔ)氣比mustnt弱，具有勸慰的意思，根據(jù)句意此題中選擇A，cant表示勸慰。8. B，shall在第二人稱(chēng)中表示允諾，還可以表示強(qiáng)制，命令，威脅，警告。還有在法律條文中的要求或規(guī)定。9. D情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。英語(yǔ)中用could，might表示詢(xún)問(wèn)或征求意見(jiàn)的問(wèn)句中，肯定性應(yīng)答要用can或may來(lái)代替could或might，而may或might征求意見(jiàn)的問(wèn)句否定應(yīng)答時(shí)要用mustnt，故本題選D。10C句意：醫(yī)生說(shuō)鍛煉對(duì)身體重要，但是必須是有規(guī)律的鍛煉?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。Can一般表示“可能，或能力”；will表示“意志”；may表示“許可，可能”；must表示“必須”。11. B本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在語(yǔ)境中的運(yùn)用。第一個(gè)說(shuō)話(huà)人說(shuō)和史密斯小姐有約，那下面的人就回應(yīng)說(shuō)，那您一定就是M