選修6unit1單詞講解

1、選修 6 unit 1 ArtIV重點(diǎn)詞匯1. faith n.信仰；信任；信心have faith in sb./sth.對(duì)某人/某事有信心lose faith in不再信任，對(duì)失去信心be faithful to sb. sth.忠實(shí)于某人某事faithful adj.忠實(shí)的faithfully adv.忠實(shí)地1) Having faith in the masses is the requireme nt by gover nment.相信群眾是對(duì)政府的要求。2) Un der no circumsta nee shall we lost faith in the future.在任何情

2、況下，我們都不該對(duì)未來(lái)失去信心。練習(xí)漢譯英1) 他對(duì)我的能力很有信心。2) 雖然只是一個(gè)小挫折，卻讓露絲對(duì)成功失去了信心。Keys: 1) He has faith in my ability.2) Though it ' s only a small frustration, it made Rose lose faith in success.2. aim n. 目標(biāo)；目的；瞄準(zhǔn) vi.&vt.瞄準(zhǔn)(向某方向)努力take aim (at)瞄準(zhǔn)aim at向瞄準(zhǔn)；旨在，針對(duì)；志在aim high胸懷大志；力爭(zhēng)上游1) What is your aim in life?你生活

3、的目的是什么？2) He aimed the gun at the enemy officer .他用槍瞄準(zhǔn)了敵軍官。3) Our factory must aim at developing new models of maehines .我們的工廠必須致力于研制新型機(jī)械。練習(xí)根據(jù)句子的意思在橫線(xiàn)上填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或詞組。1) This anti-smoking campaign mainly( 針對(duì))young teenagers.2) The hunter (瞄準(zhǔn))the lio n and fired3) He (力求)at accuracy.4) He could n ot (瞄準(zhǔn))st

4、raight.5) He is lead ing a life without (目標(biāo)，方向)Keys:1)aims at 2)aimed at 3) aimed 4) aim 5) aims3. typical adj.典型的，象征性的；不出所料；特有的be typical of 是代表;象征1) Xianglin Sao is a typical character in Zhufu.典型人物2) grasp typical cases 抓典型3) It ' s typical of her to be la她這個(gè)人就是愛(ài)遲到。練習(xí)漢譯英1) 搶挑重?fù)?dān)是他的特點(diǎn)。2) 溫暖，潮濕的

5、氣候在南方很典型。Keys: 1) It is typical of him to take hard jobs.2) Warm and wet weather is very typical in south China.4. adopt vt.采用，采納;收養(yǎng)adoption n.采用;收養(yǎng)形近詞：adapt v.使適應(yīng)，改編adaptation n.適應(yīng),改編,改寫(xiě)本1) In the meeting, all the works agreed to adopt a new idea to reform the factory.會(huì)議中所有員工都同意采納新意見(jiàn)以改革工廠2) Many ne

6、w couples are eager to adopt the childre n los ing their pare nts in the earthquake.許多新夫婦都期望可以收養(yǎng)在地震中失去雙親的孩子練習(xí)漢譯英1) 健康而沒(méi)有孩子的夫婦依法可以收養(yǎng)一個(gè)小孩。2) 這部影片是為了孩子們從一本很受歡迎的小說(shuō)改編而來(lái)Keys: 1) The healthy couple without children can adopt a child by law.2) The film was adapted from a popular novel for children.5. convin

7、ce vt.使確信；使信服 convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 convince sb. to do sth.說(shuō)服某人做某事 be convinced of sth. 相信某事be convinced that+從句相信某事1) He was convinced of his error. 他認(rèn)識(shí)了錯(cuò)誤2) He convinced me that I should study law .他勸我應(yīng)該學(xué)法律。3) It took many hours to convince the court of his guilt .花費(fèi)了許多個(gè)小時(shí)法庭才相信他有罪。4) We con

8、vinced Anne to go by train rather than plane .我們說(shuō)服了安妮放棄乘飛機(jī)而坐火車(chē)走?！靖呖伎祭治觥縏o catch up with the times, we must keep ourselvesof the curre nt n ews.A. warned B. i nformed C. convinced D. accused解析本題考查四個(gè)動(dòng)詞的含義，這四個(gè)詞都可以與 of搭配，warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事，inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事，convince sb. of sth.說(shuō)服某人相信某事，accus

9、e sb. of sth指控某人某事。本句譯為：為了跟上時(shí)代，我們 必須使自己知道當(dāng)前的新聞。答案B練習(xí)根據(jù)句子的意思在橫線(xiàn)上填入適當(dāng)詞或詞組。1) Heme his innocence.2) After his discussi on, Ithat I was wrong.3) It is no use tryinghim to quit smok ing.Keys: "convincedwas convinced 3)to convince6. attempt n.努力；嘗試；企圖vt.嘗試；企圖重點(diǎn)用法attempt sth.試圖做；努力去執(zhí)行(完成)某事 attempt to

10、 do企圖做某事make an attempt at sth/ to do sth .企圖做某事1) The prisoners attempted an escape, but failed.囚犯企圖逃跑，但是失敗了2) An astronaut will attempt to leave the stationary spaceship and then return to it 一名宇航員將試著離開(kāi)停著的宇宙飛船，然后再回到里面去。3）The boys made an attempt to leave for camping but were stopped by their paren

11、ts . 男孩子們想去野營(yíng)但被他們的父母 們攔住了。練習(xí)漢譯英1）我試圖與她取得聯(lián)系。2）他無(wú)意進(jìn)行這件事情。Keys: 1）1 attempted to get in touch with her. 2） He made no attempt to carry it out.7. predict vt.預(yù)言；預(yù)告；預(yù)測(cè)（側(cè)重從已知的事實(shí)推斷或根據(jù)自然規(guī)律斷定未來(lái)的事情。predict sth.predict thatprediction n. 預(yù)言,預(yù)報(bào)1）An eclipse could be predicted in ancient days.很久以前就可以預(yù)報(bào)日（月）蝕了。2）His

12、teacher predicted that he could be a CEO of a compa ny because of his in tellige nee and dilige nee.因?yàn)樗穆斆骱颓趭^，他老師預(yù)測(cè)他以后有可能成為公司的總裁。3）Do you take seriously his predicti on of a gover nment defeat?他預(yù)言政府要挫敗，你認(rèn)為這話(huà)靠得住嗎？練習(xí)漢譯英1）觀察員預(yù)測(cè)加沙地區(qū)形勢(shì)最起碼會(huì)持續(xù)一個(gè)月。2）預(yù)告明天有雨Keys: 1)The observer predicted that the situation in

13、 Gaza will last at least a month.2) It predicts rain for tomorrow.V重點(diǎn)詞組1. a great deal 大量1) Thanks a great deal for your help with our work.非常感謝你給我們工作上的幫助。2) A great deal of money was used in rescu ing the victims in Wen chua n earthquake.大量的金錢(qián)被用于援救汶川地震中的受害者。短語(yǔ)歸納表示許多，大量”a great deal of/a good deal o

14、f/a large amount of/much/not a little 可用于修飾不可數(shù)名詞a few/quite a few/a good many/a great many/a great number of 可用于修飾可數(shù)名詞a lot of/a large quantity of/large quantities of/plenty of既可修飾可數(shù)名詞又可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞練習(xí)漢譯英1) 我還有許多事情需要處理。2) 大量充足的雨水帶來(lái)了豐收。3) 許多孩子在這次可怕的事故中失去了雙親。Keys: 1)1 have a nu mber of things to do.2) Plen

15、ty of rain resulted in the harvest of crop.3) Great nu mbers of childre n lost their pare nts in the terrible accide nt.2. by coincidenee 巧合地By coin cide nee, we will take the same bus back home.真巧合，我們要搭同趟車(chē)回家。By coin cide nee, his wife is one of my classmates in college.巧合的是他的妻子是我大學(xué)的一個(gè)同學(xué)。by accident

16、碰巧，偶然by chance碰巧，偶然on purpose 故意4. in the flesh活著的；本人1) In the performa nee, you can see your idols in the flesh.表演中，你可以親眼看到你的偶像。2) His appeara nee in the flesh en ded the rumors about his death.他本人的出現(xiàn)打破了他人已經(jīng)死去的謠言。練習(xí)漢譯英1) 當(dāng)使用信用卡時(shí)，需要你的本人簽名。2) 他是活著的最受歡迎的學(xué)者。Keys: 1) When using your credit card, you nee

17、d to sign your name in the flesh.2) He is the most popular scholar in the flesh.5. in (the) possession of 擁有(屬于)1) They are still in possession of the house, so we have to wait for another time. 他們依然擁有房子的產(chǎn)權(quán)，所以我們還得等待一段時(shí)間。2) The factory is in the possessi on of one of my friend, who moved to Australia

18、 several years ago. 這家工廠是屬于我一個(gè) 朋友的，幾年前他搬到澳洲去了。短語(yǔ)歸納in one' s posses由on掌握in charge of負(fù)全責(zé),經(jīng)管,in the charge of由負(fù)責(zé)，經(jīng)營(yíng)take possession of 占有,擁有take charge of 負(fù)責(zé)，看管6. in consequenee 因此，結(jié)果1) He got a bad cough. In con seque nee, he had to ask a doctor for help.2) He had to ask a doctor for help in con se

19、que nee of his bad cough.他咳得很厲害，因此，他不得不去看醫(yī)生。短語(yǔ)歸納in consequenee of.的結(jié)果，因?yàn)榈木壒?，由于as a con seque nee 因而，結(jié)果練習(xí)漢譯英1)雨很大，結(jié)果街道變成一片汪洋。2）因?yàn)樗冻龅呐Γ〉昧朔欠驳某删?。Keys: 1) It rained heavily. As a consequence, the streets were in flood.2) He got a marvelous achievement in consequence of his great effort.7. 即peal to (對(duì)

20、某人)有吸引力；向呼吁請(qǐng)求Bright colours appeal to small childre n. 小孩喜歡鮮艷的顏色。We are appeali ng to anyone who saw the suspect to con tact us.我們懇請(qǐng)任何人看到嫌疑犯后與我們聯(lián)系。appeal to sb. for為向某人呼吁請(qǐng)求appeal for aid 請(qǐng)求援助appeal for mercy sympathy 請(qǐng)求寬恕同情appeal to arms force 訴諸武力練習(xí)漢譯英1) 政府呼吁市民節(jié)約用水。2) 意識(shí)到自己的錯(cuò)誤，這個(gè)犯人請(qǐng)求寬恕。Keys: 1) The

21、 gover nment appealed to citize ns for savi ng water.2) Realizing his mistakes, the criminal appealed for mercy.VI重點(diǎn)句子1. But it was evide nt that ideas were cha nging in the 13th cen tury whe n pain ters like Giotto di Bondone bega n to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.但是，很顯然在13世紀(jì)時(shí)(人們的

22、)思想正經(jīng)歷著變化，像喬托這樣的畫(huà)家開(kāi)始以一種較為現(xiàn)實(shí)的風(fēng)格來(lái)畫(huà)宗教 場(chǎng)景。解釋It is evident that(很)顯然 “在句中充當(dāng)形式主語(yǔ)，“tha引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句為真正的主語(yǔ)。為了句子的平衡移到后面，可以避免句子結(jié)構(gòu)的頭重腳輕.典例It's evide nt that the plan is impracticable. 很明顯這計(jì)劃是不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的。It was evide nt that the couple still love for each other. 很顯然這對(duì)夫婦依然愛(ài)著對(duì)方。練習(xí)漢譯英1) 很顯然，在警察趕到前犯罪現(xiàn)場(chǎng)經(jīng)過(guò)了偽造。2) 很明顯政府正試圖幫助大學(xué)

23、生就業(yè)。Keys: 1)lt was evident that the accident spot had been counterfeited (偽造)before the traffic policeman came.2) It is evident that the local government is trying to help the graduates with employment.2課文佳句背誦與仿寫(xiě)(旨在培養(yǎng)對(duì)難句的理解和運(yùn)用能力)1. 【原句】 Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be a

24、ble to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.沒(méi)有新的顏料和新的(繪畫(huà))手法，我們就不能看到很多使這一時(shí)代著名的杰作。模仿要點(diǎn)句子結(jié)構(gòu) without + N ,主句(用虛擬語(yǔ)氣)+介詞+which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句模仿1】如果沒(méi)有這項(xiàng)政策，并不是所有的孩子將能夠上學(xué)接受家長(zhǎng)無(wú)法支付教育的。答案： Without the policy, not all the childre n would be able to go to school to receive the educati on for wh

25、ich their pare nts were not able to pay.【模仿2】沒(méi)有她及時(shí)的幫助，我們就不會(huì)完成我們負(fù)責(zé)的項(xiàng)目，。答案： Without her timely help, we would not have fini shed the project for which we were respon sible.2. 【原句】 Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in

26、Paris.在那些突破傳統(tǒng)畫(huà)法的畫(huà)家中有生活和工作在巴黎的印象派畫(huà)家。模仿要點(diǎn)句子結(jié)構(gòu)：among(介詞)位于句首的倒裝句，+ which/who引導(dǎo)非限制定語(yǔ)從句【模仿1】在所有最有吸引力的城市中有湛江，它是最近被正式宣布為十大休閑城市之一。答案： Among all the cities that are most attractive is Zhanjia ng, which was recen tly officially declared one of the Top Ten Casual Cities in China.【模仿2】在所有獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的學(xué)生中有杰克，他是來(lái)自貧困家庭，現(xiàn)

27、在正在做兼職來(lái)維持自己。答案： Among all the students who received the scholarships is Jack, who is from a poor family and now is doing a time to support himself.【練習(xí)】根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1) Sometimes we areby the desire to be rich and do everyth ing we could to make the dream come true, butfin ally we will find o

28、ut that theof wealth may not n ecessarily bring happ in ess. (possess)2) The bad weather and thecon fusi on of traffic made it impossible for schools to operate as usual.,most of the stude nts were take n back home by their pare nts. (con seque nee)3) The man rushed into the manager' s officeand

29、 asked for a refund. (aggress)4) An automotivecoming from U.S.A is ready to help us in scie nee and. (tech niq ue)5) Aemployee would no t like to leave his boss though the compa ny had bee n ban krupted. (faith)6）With the development of meteorology （ 氣象學(xué)）,people make itto know the weather in advanee

30、. （predict） keys:1） possessed; possession 2） consequent; Consequently 3） aggressively 4） technician; technology 5）faithful 6） predictive二、課文要點(diǎn)1課文詞匯等填空（旨在復(fù)習(xí)本課文中的單詞拼寫(xiě)和主要詞語(yǔ)等）根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容完成下面語(yǔ)法填空，注意單詞拼寫(xiě)和詞語(yǔ)用法：Western art is 1 （影響）by the way of life and 2 （ believe） of people. During the Middle Agesthe main aim

31、 of painters was to represent 3 （傳統(tǒng)的）themes. Artists were interestedin 4 （create） respect and love for God. In the Renaissanee new ideas and values took the place ofthose 5 （hold）in the Middle Ages when people focused more on humans. One of the mostimporta nt 6 （ discover） duri ng this period was ho

32、w to draw things in perspective .In the late 19th,Europe cha nged from a mostly 7 （ agriculture）society to a mostly in dustrialone. 8 （印象派）dated from the late 19th to the early 20th cen tury. However, at first the paintings ofthis period were thought to be 9 （可笑的）.Then moder n art, the pain ter does

33、 not attempt to paint objectsas we see them with our eyes but concen trates 10 certa in qualities of the object.答案：1. influenced 2.beliefs 3.religious 4.creating 5.held6.discoveries 7.agricultural8mpressionism9.ridiculous 10.on1. adj.抽象的；深?yuàn)W的；n.摘要tadj.（反義詞）具體的2. n.信任；信心；信念t adj忠實(shí)的 tadv.忠實(shí)地3. adv.所以；因

34、而tadj.作為結(jié)果的；隨之發(fā)生的t n.結(jié)果4. n.目標(biāo)；目的；v.瞄準(zhǔn)，（向某方向）努力t adj.（反義詞）漫無(wú)目的的5. adj.常規(guī)的；傳統(tǒng)的；因循守舊的t adv.常規(guī)地；傳統(tǒng)地“.abstract; concrete 2.faith; faithful; faithfully 3.consequently; consequent; consequence4.aim;6.adj.典型的；有代表性的tadv.典型地；有代表性地7.adj.明顯的；顯著的tn.證據(jù)8.vt.采用；采納；收養(yǎng)tadj.被收養(yǎng)的；被米納的；有收養(yǎng)關(guān)系的9.vt.擁有；具有；支配tn.（尤作復(fù)數(shù)）所有；財(cái)產(chǎn)

35、10.adj.荒謬的；可笑的tadv.荒謬地11.adj.爭(zhēng)論的；爭(zhēng)議的tn.爭(zhēng)論；論戰(zhàn)12.vt.預(yù)言；預(yù)告；預(yù)測(cè)tn.預(yù)言；預(yù)告13.adj.確切的；特定的tadv.確切地；特定地aimless5.conventional; conventionally14. adj.敢作敢為的；侵略的好斗的t n.攻擊侵犯15. v.呼吁；求助；將上訴；n.呼吁；懇求tadj.可憐的；懇求的；有魅力的 ；令人感興趣的16. n.文明；文化tv.使文明；使開(kāi)化；教化6.typical;typically7.evident;evidence 8.adopt;adoptive10.ridiculous; ri

36、diculously13.specific;specifically 16.civilization;civilize1. coin cide nee2. adeal3. on thehand4. i n the5. appeal6. lead7. concen trate8. beto do sth.9. asas"controversial; controversy14.aggressive;aggression偶然地；巧合地許多；大量（可是）另一方面活著的；本人（對(duì)某人）有吸引力;導(dǎo)致集中注意力于渴望做某事既；又9.possess;possession12.predict; p

37、rediction15.appeal;appealing（使某人）感興趣10. would寧愿1.by2.great3.other4.flesh5.to6.to7.on8.eager9.well10.ratherI .單詞拼寫(xiě)1. The word“ honestyis an anoun.2. As they had no childre n of their own, they aan orpha n.3. They are put on an eof French paintings next week.4. An acountry is always ready to start a w

38、ar.5. His ais to be a successful writer.6. The pris oners（企圖）to escape, but failed.7. The keys are in the （掌握在 手里） of the boss.8. The expert （預(yù)言）that there will be an earthquake in that area in the near future.9. You look（可笑的）in those tight jeans.10. The professor made a（可能弓I起爭(zhēng)議的 ）speech.【答案】“.abstr

39、act 2.adopted 3.exhibition 4.aggressive5.aim6. attempted 7.possession 8.predicts 9.ridiculous 1O.controversialn.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換1.1 prefer to watch rather tha n perform.Iwatch tha n perform.2. These years, Europe has cha nged a lot.These years, Europe has cha nged.3. He tried to slide into the room but was fou

40、nd by his father.Heslide into the room but was found by his father.4. These pla nts attract many childre n.These pla ntsmany childre n.5. This was so moving a play that we couldn' t help crying.This wasthat we couldn' t help crying.【答案】1. would rather2. a great deal3. attempted to4. appeal t

41、o5. such a moving playI .多項(xiàng)選擇1. The idea of working abroad reallyme , and I ' m trying to apply for a job abroad.A . adapts toB . relates toC . responds toD. appeals to解析：選D。句意：去國(guó)外工作的想法吸引著我，我正試圖在國(guó)外找到一份工作。appeal to意為有吸引力”符合句意。adapt to適應(yīng)（新環(huán)境等）;relate to sb./sth.理解或同情某人（某事物）;respond to回應(yīng)，反應(yīng)。2. John

42、 applied for the post of Eliot' s secretary.Does hethe necessary patience and ability to do thjob well?A . performB. possessC . observeD. support解析：選B。句意：John申請(qǐng)做Eliot的秘書(shū)。他有做好這項(xiàng)工作必備的耐性和能力嗎？possess具有，擁有，符合句意。 perform 表演，演奏； observe觀察，觀測(cè)； support支持，支撐。3. He' s one of those early birdst' sof

43、 him to get up early.A. practicalB. humorousC . rudeD . typical解析：選 Do It is typical of sb.to do sth.某人做是他的特征。4 . Short hair is backthis year.The female workers in my office all had their long hair cut.A . in commonB . in styleC . in troubleD . in place解析：選B。句意：短發(fā)今年又開(kāi)始流行了。我們辦公室的女職員都把她們的長(zhǎng)發(fā)剪了。in style

44、意為 流行的” 符合句意。 in common 共有； in trouble 有麻煩； in place 在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢谩?I 'm going to London next Monday.What a ！So am I.A conclusionB consequenceC coincidenceD celebration解析：選 Co conclusion結(jié)論； consequence結(jié)果，后果； coincidence巧合； celebration 慶祝。根據(jù) So am I 的語(yǔ)境可知選 C 項(xiàng)。6If you are a distance learner ， it is a go

45、od idea to set yourself a learning goal for each day or eachweek.A delicateBvisualC fairD specific解析：選 D。 specific 意為 “確切的，具體的 ”。句意：你若是遠(yuǎn)程學(xué)習(xí)者，為自己每天或每周設(shè)定一個(gè)確切的 學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)是個(gè)好主意。7The expert advised the boy， who always fails to remember the new words， to an effective way oflearning vocabulary.A admireB designC

46、adoptD invent解析：選Co adopt意為 采用，采取，采納”，符合題意。admire羨慕，贊賞；design設(shè)計(jì)；invent發(fā)明，創(chuàng)造。8（2010年高考安徽卷 ）How did you like Nick 's performance last night?To be honest， his singing didn 't to me much.A appealBbelongC referD occur解析：選 A?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。appeal to意為 吸引”；belong to意為 屬于”；refer to意為 提到；涉及”；occur to 意為 “突

47、然想到 ”。句意為 “她的演唱并不怎么吸引我。 ”9 （2010 年高考山東卷 ）Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have s che d u l es to make iteasier to care for their children.A heavyB smoothC flexibleD complex解析：選C。考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意應(yīng)為 在外工作的母親們應(yīng)該有靈活的時(shí)間以便照看孩子們?！北硎眷`活的"用flexibleo heavy表示 沉重的”；smooth表示 光滑的，滑順的”；complex表示 復(fù)雜的，難懂的”。10Managers in excellent companies have a strong for doing things rather than talking aboutsituations.AopinionBfeelingC ideaDpreference解析：選D?？疾槊~詞義辨析。句意：優(yōu)秀企業(yè)的管理者都特別偏愛(ài)做實(shí)事而不是夸夸其談。have a preferencefor對(duì)有偏愛(ài)。n .完成句子1Children should be encouraged to explore （ 他們感興趣的任何事物 ）（appeal）解析：考查賓語(yǔ)