名詞性從句整理稿

1、We can see that the students are playing cellphones in class.What they are doing makes the teacher very unhappy.The reason is that her students are not listening to her.I want to know whether you will do it like these students.賓語從句賓語從句主語從句主語從句表語從句表語從句賓語從句賓語從句The fact that students play cellphones in

2、 class is very common.同位語從句同位語從句請大聲朗讀下列幾組例句 常規(guī)主語從句常規(guī)主語從句1. What I saw was beyond any verbal description. 2. That his hair was turning grey worried him a bit. 3. Why the company denied the contract is still unknown. 4. When and where the government will build a city square is under discussion. 非常規(guī)主語從

3、句非常規(guī)主語從句5. It is a pity that we wont be able to go to the south to spend our summer vacation.6. It is pretty annoying that a small part of the machine is missing. 7. It remains to be seen whether the new novel will be well received. 8. It is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the

4、 Chinese. 9. It is suggested that the work (should) be done with great care.主語從句主語從句. 用用it 作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)(1) It is 名詞名詞 從句從句 It is a fact that It is an honor that It is common knowledge that(2) It is 形容詞形容詞 從句從句 It is natural that It is strange that(3) It is 不及物動詞不及物動詞 從句從句 It seems that It happen

5、ed that It appears that(4) It 過去分詞過去分詞 從句從句 It is reported that It has been proved that It is said that （5) 虛擬虛擬語氣：語氣：It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that 主語從句主語從句1. 作動詞的賓語作動詞的賓語 （時態(tài)，語序，連接詞）（時態(tài)，語序，連接詞） 1) 由由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓

6、語從句(that 通常可以省略通?？梢允÷? I heard that he joined the army. The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun. 2) 由由what, whether (if) 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 a) She did not know what had happened. b) I wonder whether you can change this note for me. 3) 動詞間接賓語賓語從句動詞間接賓語賓語從句 She told me that she would accep

7、t my invitation. 4）動詞一個堅持）動詞一個堅持insist，兩個命令，兩個命令order, command, 三個建議三個建議suggest, propose, advice, 四個要求四個要求ask, require, request, demand等用等用虛擬虛擬語氣語氣 (suggestsuggestedsuggestion) I insist that she (should) do her work alone.賓語賓語從句從句 2. 作介詞的賓語作介詞的賓語 Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate wi

8、th one another. 3. 作形容詞的賓語作形容詞的賓語 I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake.表語從句。表語從句。 10.Our problem is where we can find more help . 11.My advice is that you should practice speaking English every day. 12.This is what I want to tell you . 13.That was why he was late for the meeting.It做形式賓語做形式賓語動詞動詞 fi

9、nd, feel, consider, make, believe等后面有賓語補(bǔ)足語的時候等后面有賓語補(bǔ)足語的時候,則需要用則需要用it做形式賓語而將做形式賓語而將that賓語從句后置賓語從句后置.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .I feel it a pity that I havent been to the get-together.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. We all find it important that we (sho

10、uld) make a quick decision about this mater. 否定前移否定前移主句的謂語動詞是主句的謂語動詞是think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess等等,并且主句的主語是第一人稱而且為一般現(xiàn)在時并且主句的主語是第一人稱而且為一般現(xiàn)在時,從句從句的否定詞一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上來的否定詞一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上來,其反義疑問句一般與賓語從句一其反義疑問句一般與賓語從句一致致.I dont think he will come to my party. (試變反意疑問句）試變反意疑問句）I t

11、old you he isnt strong. (試變反意疑問句）試變反意疑問句） 表語從句的最重要臉譜就是它們應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在系動詞（ be, look, remain, seem ）的后面，常用結(jié)構(gòu)有the reason is that ，it is because ，that is why.，that is the reason why. ，this is where (when, how, etc.) 。 1. The only question left is how often the workers are paid. 2. His idea for the coming weeken

12、d is that we go skating. 3. This is where I was born and brought up. 表語從句表語從句抽象名詞，即抽象名詞，即“有內(nèi)容的名詞有內(nèi)容的名詞”需要進(jìn)一步解釋，如需要進(jìn)一步解釋，如fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, belief, thought, doubt等，由等，由that引導(dǎo)時，引導(dǎo)時，that不可以不可以省略。省略。1. That fact that the policeman didnt fire at the man at all was ignor

13、ed. 2. Do you have any idea what is going on in the classroom. 3. The possibility that we can work at home makes everybody excited. 4. Word came that he would be the next president of China.同位語從句同位語從句從屬連詞從屬連詞：that， whether /if連接副詞連接副詞 :when, where, how, why連接代詞連接代詞 :who ，what ，which, whatever, which

14、ever, whoever名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞的選擇三步驟名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞的選擇三步驟 步驟一：步驟一：如果從句中缺少主語，或者賓語，如果從句中缺少主語，或者賓語，或者表語，則考慮用或者表語，則考慮用連接代詞；連接代詞； What,who ,which ,whose ,whatever 步驟二：步驟二：如果從句中既不缺少主語，賓語，如果從句中既不缺少主語，賓語，也不缺少表語，但是缺少一定意義的狀語，也不缺少表語，但是缺少一定意義的狀語，則考慮用則考慮用連接副詞；連接副詞；where,when,why,how 步驟三：步驟三：如果既不缺少主語，賓語，表語，如果既不缺少主語，賓語，表語，也不缺少狀語，

15、則考慮用從屬連詞。也不缺少狀語，則考慮用從屬連詞。 that,whether,if,as if_makes the teacher angry is _the child doesnt know the answer.WhatthatThe news _Liu Xiang won the 110 hurdlesbrought Chinese great happiness.Liu Xiangthat 1.The news came _Moyan won the Nobel prize for literature. 2.The reason_ we are so happy is _ Moya

16、n is the first Chinese writer to win the Nobel Prize .thatwhythatWhen shall we meet?When shall we meet?It depends on you.It depends on you.When When we shallwe shall meet depends meet depends on you.on you.We bring many things here.Those can be kept in the cabinet.What we bring here can be kept in t

17、he cabinet.Her hair was turning grey.It worried her.That her hair was turning grey worried her.He said something at the meeting.It shocked everybody.What he said at the meetingshocked everybody.一一. 同位語從句屬名詞性從句，即所引導(dǎo)的從句相當(dāng)同位語從句屬名詞性從句，即所引導(dǎo)的從句相當(dāng)于一個于一個“名詞名詞”；定語從句相當(dāng)于一個；定語從句相當(dāng)于一個“形容詞形容詞” 二二. that 在定語從句中做成分（

18、代詞），作賓語時在定語從句中做成分（代詞），作賓語時可以省；在同位語從句中不做成分（連詞），不能可以省；在同位語從句中不做成分（連詞），不能省。省。1. The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year. (定）定）2. The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him. （同）（同）練：練：The fact has worried many scientists _ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.

19、辨析一：同位語從句辨析一：同位語從句vs定語從句定語從句thatIt is impossible that we can persuade him to join us. (主語從句主語從句) It is with Toms help that we were able to persuade him to join us. (強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)辨析二：主語從句辨析二：主語從句vsvs強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)句型判斷強(qiáng)調(diào)句判斷強(qiáng)調(diào)句 1基本式：基本式： It was on the top of the mountain that we met the foreign tourist. 2. 一般疑問句式：

20、一般疑問句式： Was it on the top of the mountain that you met the foreign tourist? 3. 特殊疑問句式：特殊疑問句式： Where was it that you met the foreign tourist? 4復(fù)合句式：復(fù)合句式： Can you tell me where it was that you met the foreign tourist? 判斷強(qiáng)調(diào)句判斷強(qiáng)調(diào)句 4復(fù)合句式：復(fù)合句式： Can you tell me where it was that you met the foreign tourist

21、? 5套定語從句式：套定語從句式： It was in the house which was built by his father that he was born. 6. 套定語從句加省略式：套定語從句加省略式： Where did you meet the foreign tourist? It was in the hotel where we lived (that we met the foreign tourist). what 在從句中作的主語、賓語、表語；在從句中作的主語、賓語、表語；that不作成分，無意義，不作成分，無意義， 不可省不可?。ㄖ髡Z從句和同（主語從句和同位語

22、從句中不可?。毁e語從句和表語從句中可位語從句中不可?。毁e語從句和表語從句中可?。?。?。?. What he couldnt understand was why his teacher was never satisfied with him. 2. The matter of salary is what I care most if I decide to change my profession. 3. I think that your composition is no better than his. 4. That you dont love her is not my bus

23、iness.辨析三：辨析三： that that 和和whatwhat1.他是怎么成功的仍然是個謎。他是怎么成功的仍然是個謎。How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( )How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( )2.你能告訴我他住在什么地方嗎？你能告訴我他住在什么地方嗎？Could you tell me where he lives? ( )Could you tell me where does he live? ( )FTTF一、名詞性從句的語序一、名詞性從句的語序 3. He asked me w

24、hat was the matter with me. ( ) T判斷下列句子是否正確，（判斷下列句子是否正確，（T or F）陳述語序陳述語序辨析四：陳述語序辨析四：陳述語序 or or 疑問語序疑問語序no matter wh-只能引導(dǎo)狀語從句，不能引導(dǎo)名詞性只能引導(dǎo)狀語從句，不能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。從句。wh-ever則二者兼收，來去自由。則二者兼收，來去自由。1. Whoever breaks the rules will be punished. (主語主語從句從句)2. Whoever/ No matter who breaks the rules, he/she will be pu

25、nished. (狀語從句狀語從句)3. Dont believe whatever he tells you. (賓語從句賓語從句)4. Dont believe him, whatever/ no matter what he tells you. (狀語從句狀語從句)辨析五：辨析五：no matter wh-no matter wh-和和wh-everwh-ever名詞性從句改錯1.The fact which she had not said anything surprised all of us. 2.What the boy didnt take medicine made hi

26、s mother angry. 3.If well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. thatThatWhether4.What he really means is what he disagrees with us. 5.When well finish translating the book depend on the time. thatdepends考點考點3. 區(qū)別區(qū)別if 與與whether 1. I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow.2. I dont know _ or not Ill b

27、e free tomorrow.3. The question is _ this book is worth reading.whether / ifwhetherwhether4. It depends on _ we will have enough money.5. _ they can do it matters little to us.6. _ you are not free tomorrow, Ill go without you.whetherWhetherIf Remember it名詞性從句中一般情況只用名詞性從句中一般情況只用whetherwhether，表示，表示“

28、是否是否”不用不用if if ， if用于條件句中表示用于條件句中表示“如果如果”1.他犯了那樣一個錯誤真是遺憾。他犯了那樣一個錯誤真是遺憾。_ is a pity .2.他來不來不重要。他來不來不重要。_doesnt matter.It doesnt matter whetherThat he made such a mistakeIt is a pity that 考點考點 ：it作形式主語作形式主語Whether he will come or not主語從句放在句首，句子顯得笨重，因此一般把它移主語從句放在句首，句子顯得笨重，因此一般把它移到句子后面，前面用引導(dǎo)詞到句子后面，前面用引導(dǎo)詞“it”來作形式主語。來作形式主語。1.That the earth moves around the sun is known to us all. It is known to us all th