高中英語語法知識點總結(jié)

1、高中英語知識點掃描大全 濤哥一、定語從句與強調(diào)句陷阱題詳解1. The factory was built in a secret place, around _ high mountains. A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were【陷阱】容易誤選A或B，將A、B中的 which 和 it 誤認為是其后句子的主語?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢甘荂，around which were high mountains 是一個由“介詞+which”引出的非限制性定語從句，而在該從句中，主語是 high mountains，around which 是表

2、語，所以句子謂語應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)were，而不是用單數(shù) was。請做以下類例題目（答案均為C）：(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _ some fruit shops. A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are(2) The murder happened in an old building, beside _ the city police station. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are(3) Next month we

3、ll move to a new building, next to _ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?” A. that B. which C. where D. what【陷阱】容易

4、誤選 B，認為 around 是介詞，選 which 用以代替前面的名詞 hospital，在此用作介詞 around 的賓語。【分析】最佳答案為C。以上語法分析并不算錯，但問題是，照此分析，此句的意思即為：有沒有這樣一個醫(yī)院，我在它的附近可以買藥治我的手傷？這樣的語境顯然有點不合情理，因為人們通常是在醫(yī)院里面治傷，而不是在醫(yī)院附近治傷。此題選 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介詞，而是副詞，意為“在附近”；其后的 where 引導(dǎo)定語從句用以修飾其前的地點名詞 hospital，句意為：附近有沒有一家醫(yī)院，我可以去治我的手傷？3. David is such a good boy _

5、 all the teachers like. A. that B. who C. as D. whom【陷阱】此題容易誤選A，許多同學(xué)一看到題干中的such，再聯(lián)系到選項中的 that，便認為這是考查such that 句式。況且，這樣理解意思也還通順?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢笧镃，不是A，因為在such that (如此以至)結(jié)構(gòu)中，that 引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語從句，并且 that 在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，若在上句填入 such that ，句末的動詞 like 缺賓語。選C的理由如下：as 用作關(guān)系代詞，用以引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾其前的名詞 boy，同時 as 在定語從句中用作動詞 like 的賓語，

6、句意為“所有老師都喜歡的一位好男孩”。有的同學(xué)可能還會問，假若選A，能否將其后的 that 視為引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞呢？不能，因為當(dāng)先行詞受到 such 的修飾時，其后的定語從句應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞 as 來引導(dǎo)，而不用that。比較下面一題，答案為A，因為 like 后有自己的賓語 him：David is such a good boy _ all the teachers like him. A. that B. who C. as D. whom請再做以下試題（答案選D）：It was not such a good dinner _ she had promised us. A. like

7、 B. that C. which D. as4. The buses, most of _ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. A. that B. it C. them D. which【陷阱】容易誤選 C，用 them 代指 the buses?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢甘荄。most of which were already full 為非限制性定語從句，修飾 the buses。類似地，以下各題也選D：(1) His house, for _ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000

8、. A. that B. it C. them D. which(2) Ashdown forest, through _ well be driving, isnt a forest any longer. A. that B. it C. them D. which(3) This I did at nine oclock, after _ I sat reading the paper. A. that B. it C. them D. which類似地，以下各題選 whom，不選 them：(4) George, with _ I played tennis on Sundays, w

9、as a warm-hearted person. A. that B. him C. them D. whom(5) Her sons, both of _ work abroad, will come back home this summer. A. that B. who C. them D. whom(6) I met the fruit-pickers, several of _ were still university students. A. that B. who C. them D. whom5. He had a lot of friends, only a few o

10、f _ invited to his wedding. A. whom B. them C. which D. who【陷阱】容易誤選 A，認為這是非限制性定語從句?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢甘荁，這不是非限制性定語從句，而是一個獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因為空格后的動詞 invited 并不是一個完整的謂語，而是一個過去分詞。當(dāng)然，假若在 invited 前加上助動詞 were，則是一個非限制性定語從句，答案便應(yīng)選A。比較：(1) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ carried out in their work. A. whic

11、h B. them C. what D. that答案選B，none of them carried out in their work 是獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，其中的 carried out 為過去分詞。(2) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ were carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that答案選A，none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定語從句，注意與上例比較句中多了一個助動詞

12、were。(3) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _ were carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that答案選B，由于兩句之間增加了一個并列連詞but，使得該句成了一個并列句。6. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents seated together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. t

13、hat【陷阱】容易誤選B，認為這是非限制性定語從句?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢甘茿。與上面一題相似，their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定語從句，而是一個獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因為空格后的動詞 seated 不是謂語，而是一個過去分詞，因為 seat 作動詞用時，是及物動詞。比較以下相似題：(1) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents were seated together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that

14、選B。whose parents were seated together joking 為非限制性定語從句，因為其后有完整的謂語 were seated。(2) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _ parents were seated together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that選A。因為句中有并列連詞and，整個句子為并列句。(3) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in

15、the park, _ parents sitting together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that選A。their parents sitting together joking 為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。(4) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents sat together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that選B。whose parents sat together joking 為非限制性

16、定語從句，因為句中有完整的謂語 sat。(5) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents were sitting together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that選B。whose parents were sitting together joking 為非限制性定語從句，因為句中有完整的謂語 were sitting。7. If the man is only interested in your looks, _ just shows

17、how shallow he is. A. as B. which C. what D. that【陷阱】容易誤選A或B，誤這是非限制性定語從句。【分析】正確答案為D，注意逗號前是一個條件狀語從句，逗號后是該狀語從句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情況，用作主句的主語。類似地，下面幾道題也選 that，而不選 which：(1) If you promise to go with us, _ will be OK. A. as B. which C. and it D. that(2) If you want a double room, _ will cost another 15. A

18、. as B. which C. what D. that(3) Whether you go or not, _ is quite all right with me. A. that B. which C. and it D. so(4) When I say two hours, _ includes time for eating. A. as B. which C. what D. that二、常見名詞考點透析一、單、復(fù)數(shù)名詞的正確使用例 They have all sorts of course. (2006陜西高考改錯 )析 英語中，名詞有單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)的形式。本題中的cou

19、rse是可數(shù)名詞，意指“課程”，故應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式courses。二、僅以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞例 Happy birthday, Peter, and many happy return of the day! (2000安徽春考改錯)析 Many happy returns of the day! 是一句固定的生日祝語，相當(dāng)于漢語的“祝你年年有今日，歲歲有今朝!”returns 在此處便是約定俗成的用法。除這一結(jié)構(gòu)外，像shake hands with (= shake sbs hand), make friends with和change seats / trains / buses等常用的結(jié)構(gòu)

20、，及thanks, cheers, congratulations, things(情況), affairs, feelings, as follows(如下), in tears, in ruins, in pieces, in chains(被囚禁), in high spirits, in ones teens / twenties, in the 1990s (或in the 1990s), into halves, good manners, give ones regards / best wishes to, make contributions to, make prepara

21、tions for等，也都是常用或只用復(fù)數(shù)的名詞式。三、純粹不可數(shù)名詞的使用例 Im glad you have made such a great progress that. (2006江西高考改錯)析 在英語中，有些名詞, 如advice(建議), news, information, fun, weather, progress, homework, housework等，無論在什么情況下都是不可數(shù)的，所以這些詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，也不可把其與不定冠詞連用?？梢?，such a great progress 使用有誤(須改為such great progress)。再例： She was do

22、ing her homeworks one Sunday morning when she smelt something burning. (2004高考福建卷改錯)由于homework為不可數(shù)名詞，所以，作業(yè)再多，也無復(fù)數(shù)。四、轉(zhuǎn)義名詞的考查熱點例 When you finish reading the book, you will have _ better understanding of _ lifeA. a; the B. the; a C. 不填; the D. a; 不填析 本題旨在考查考生對understanding和life這兩個名詞可數(shù)性的界定：understanding

23、已為轉(zhuǎn)義用法，life在此泛指“人生”，是不可數(shù)名詞，故而便可正確選用冠詞。轉(zhuǎn)義名詞主要分為兩類：把抽象意義轉(zhuǎn)化為具體意義，因而賦予其可數(shù)功能;把具體意義的名詞抽象化，從而賦予其不可數(shù)性。轉(zhuǎn)義名詞一直是高考測試的熱點。其考查主要出現(xiàn)在單項和短文改錯題中。其?？紵狳c如下：(1)抽象轉(zhuǎn)具體： pleasure, surprise, help, success, failure, danger, difficulty, wonder等意為“.的人 / 物”。如： The meeting is a success.(2)抽象轉(zhuǎn)具體： worry, honor, disaster, rain, snow

24、, fog, wind, gas, fire, crop, coffee, tea, food等，指“一種”、“一場”及“多種”、“多場”時，有其單、復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：There have been strong winds over the last two months.(3)抽象轉(zhuǎn)具體： a need, a discovery, a love, a good time, a collection of, a knowledge of, a history of, a population of, an area of, an understanding of等已形成固定形式。如： He ha

25、s a good practical knowledge of computer science(4)具體轉(zhuǎn)抽象： school, college, hospital, court, prison, bed, table, church等，都是可數(shù)名詞，可以有具體的意義，如a school, three schools。再例如：When you come here for your holiday next time, dont go to _ hotel; I can find you _ bed in my flat. A. the; a B. the; 不填C. a; the D. a;

26、 不填但是，在不用冠詞、不用復(fù)數(shù)，而只突出與之有關(guān)的活動時，它們便失去了具體意義。如： go to school, at table等。 再例如：When he left _ college, he got a job as _ reporter in a newspaper office. A. 不填; a B. 不填; the C. a; the D. the; the(5)具體轉(zhuǎn)抽象： day, night, morning, noon, evening, night等用指天色時，表達抽象概念(注意其前不用冠詞)。如： Day may break now, for the birds a

27、re singing outside.五、名詞與形容詞定語的區(qū)別例 There have been sports in America about people trying to steal person information for bad purposes.(2004全國高考III改錯)析 形容詞和名詞都可作定語，但有時含義有別，有時則出現(xiàn)錯誤。如可說a golden medal(一塊鍍金獎牌/一塊金色的獎牌)，也可以說a gold medal (一塊金牌); 但可說a chemistry teacher(化學(xué)老師)，而不可說a chemical teacher(化學(xué)原料做的老師?)，

28、但可說a chemical works(一家化工廠)。據(jù)此可見，此題中的“個人信息”不應(yīng)用person information表達。另應(yīng)注意，除man, woman常用“單單 (a woman doctor)”、“復(fù)復(fù) (two women doctors)”式，及一些特殊詞，如a goods ship, the sports shoes, a clothes shop等以外，用作修飾詞的名詞，一般都要用單數(shù)式。如： a lady doctor, two lady doctors等。六、與動詞或介詞構(gòu)成的固定搭配例 It is said that dogs will keep you _ fo

29、r as long as you want when you are feeling lonely. A. safety B. companyC. house D. friend析 無論是動賓結(jié)構(gòu)還是介賓結(jié)構(gòu)，有時名詞雖然近義，但卻不能主觀臆斷，而要選擇固定的搭配式。本題的keep sb company就是一個典型的固定搭配式，意為“與為伴”。七、名詞搭配的語境限定例 You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of _. (2006廣東高考)A. date B. shapeC. order D. balance析 out o

30、f date 意為“過期，不時髦”;out of shape意思是“不成形的”;out of order就是in disorder，意為“亂七八糟的”。搭配并無問題，而意義決定了B是正確答案。八、名詞的同、近義詞辨析例 Im sure David will be able to find the libraryhe has a pretty good _ of direction. A. idea B. feeling C. experience D. sense析 名詞的同、近義詞辨析，不僅僅較多地應(yīng)用于書面表達，而且還可以較為靈活地設(shè)題于單項填空、完形填空或短文改錯題中。本題的四個近義詞選

31、項中，sense的“意識”性更強，因而答案選D。常易設(shè)題的同、近義名詞有如下各組：(1)cause, reason, excuse, explanation; (2)family, home, house, room, space; (3)sign, signal, mark, example, symbol;(4)award, reward, prize, money; (5)value, price, cost, charge; (6)kind, sort, type, variety; (7)range, reach, distance, length; (8)news, word, m

32、essage, information, notice; (9)energy, force, strength, power; (10)accident, incident, affair, event, business, matter; (11)practice, training, exercise, drill; 三、從高考題看情態(tài)動詞的用法最近幾年高考試題中常常借助語境來考查情態(tài)動詞的基本用法及其區(qū)別，因此在平時學(xué)習(xí)時準確理解和掌握情態(tài)動詞的基本用法十分重要。情態(tài)動詞的用法復(fù)雜多變，在高考試題中，命題者常常利用語境和句子之間意義上的細微差別來考查學(xué)生對情態(tài)動詞的理解和掌握。對于情態(tài)動

33、詞，除了要求考生能夠準確掌握它們的基本用法外，還要充分利用高考試題所設(shè)置的語境來分析句子之間所體現(xiàn)的特殊關(guān)系。下面就近幾年來高考試題中出現(xiàn)的情態(tài)動詞的考點進行歸納分析，以便同學(xué)們復(fù)習(xí)掌握。 一、用“情態(tài)動詞have done”結(jié)構(gòu)表示對過去動作的推測，高考試題中常用過去時態(tài)或過去的時間狀語給以暗示。情態(tài)動詞的這一用法可以用 “對立統(tǒng)一”來概括。 1當(dāng)試題的前句和后句在動作和意義上相互補充說明，且整個句意在動作和時間上是一個整體時，我們可用“統(tǒng)一”關(guān)系來解決這樣的試題。常見的結(jié)構(gòu)有： must have done： 表示對過去動作的肯定推測，常譯作“一定做了”，只能用于肯定句中。其否定形式為ca

34、ntcouldnt have done 疑問式為CanCould.have done？。 could might have done：表示對過去發(fā)生的動作的可能性推測，常譯作“可能做了”。如：1) Sorry Im late I have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again A might B should C can D will 該題前句說明了結(jié)果，后句接著說出了產(chǎn)生這種結(jié)果的可能性，對前句進行補充說明。分析選項可知本題應(yīng)選A。 2) My sister met him at the Grand Theater y

35、esterday afternoon, so he your lecture Acouldnt have attended Bneednt have attended Cmustnt have attended Dshouldnt have attended 該題前句敘說一個客觀事實，后句對前句進行補充說明，分析選項可知C是錯誤的; 而B、D兩項不符合題意。故本題選A。又如： Jack yet, otherwise he would have telephoned me Amustnt have arrived Bshouldnt have arrived Ccant have arrived

36、 Dneed not have arrived （C） 2當(dāng)試題的前后句在動作和意義上構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系時，常借助“but, however, instead”等詞來表示過去的動作與客觀事實不符，這時我們就可以用“對立”關(guān)系來解決這樣的試題。這種結(jié)構(gòu)常見的有： should have done ought to have done：表示過去本應(yīng)該做某事而實際上沒有做。 should not have done ought not to have done：表示過去本不應(yīng)該做某事但事實上卻做了。 need have done：表示過去本來有必要去做某事，但事實上沒有做。 need not have d

37、one：表示過去本來沒有必要做某事，但事實上卻做了。如： 3) I was really anxious about you You home without a word Amustnt leave Bshouldnt have left Ccouldnt have left Dneednt leave 分析該題前后句之間的關(guān)系和語氣可知，事實上是 “本不應(yīng)該離家出走卻走了”，故本題選B。 4) I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I for her (NMET94) Ahad to write it out Bmust have writte

38、n it out Cshould have written it out Dought to write it out 由句中的連詞but可知前后句之間是對立關(guān)系，分析題意可知本題應(yīng)選C。 二、考查情態(tài)動詞基本用法之間的比較和辨析。最近幾年高考試題中常借助具體的語境來考查考生對那些最常見的情態(tài)動詞的基本用法的理解和掌握，因此在做這樣的試題時應(yīng)認真分析語境中所含的實際意義，并結(jié)合情態(tài)動詞的基本含義和用法做出正確的選擇。 5) Is John coming by train？ He should, but he not He likes driving his car Amust Bcan Cne

39、ed Dmay mustnt 表示“禁止、不準”；cannot 表示“不可能”；need not 表示“不必要”；may not 表示“可能不”。分析語境可知本題應(yīng)選D。 6) I hear youve got a set of valuable Australian coins I have a look？ Yes, certainly ADo BMay C Shall DShould 分析語境可知這是在征求對方的許可，may表示“允許、可以”，語氣比較委婉 shall常用于第一、三人稱作主語的疑問句中,表示征求對方意見和指示，如果此空用shall，則意為“要（我）看一下嗎？”，不符合上下文

40、意思。故本題選B。 7) Mr Bush is on time for everything How it be that he was late for the opening ceremony？ Acan Bshould Cmay Dmust must be 表示肯定的猜測，只能用于肯定句中，由題意可知本題應(yīng)選A。 8) Are you coming to Jeffs party？ Im not sure I go to the concert instead Amust Bwould Cshould Dmight 由題意和下句中的 “Im not sure” 可知這段對話中存在一種可能性

41、推測，might可以用來表示一種比較委婉的可能性判斷，故本題選D。又如： I should have been there, but I not find the time Awould Bcould Cmight Dshould 分析題意可知第二個分句表示過去的某種能力；C 項只表示語氣上的可能性，與題意不符。故本題選B。 9) Johnny, you play with the knife, you hurt yourself Awont; cant Bmustnt; may Cshouldnt; must Dcant; shouldntmustnt 表示“不可以；禁止”，分析題意可知第二

42、個空表示某種可能性，故本題選B。 10) Will you stay for lunch? Sorry, My brother is coming to see me AI mustnt BI cant CI neednt DI wont 分析題意可知因為“我弟弟要來看我”，所以“不能留下”，因此對別人的邀請或要求應(yīng)給予禮貌的拒絕。A 項表示“禁止”；C項表示“不必要”；而D項表示“不會”，均不符合題意。故本題選B。又如： Could I borrow your dictionary？ Yes, of course you Amight Bwill Ccan Dshould (C) 11)Wh

43、en can I come for the photos？ I need them tomorrow afternoonThey be ready by 1200 Acan Bshould Cmight Dneed 該題考查情態(tài)動詞should的基本含義，分析句意可知本題應(yīng)選B。又如： The old man is always hunting the lions, so terrible things happen to him Amight Bwould Cshould D could C 12)The fire spread through the hotel very quickly

44、but everyone get out Ahad to Bwould Ccould Dwas able to 該題考查了could和be able to的區(qū)別，二者都可表示過去時間的能力，但如果表示過去成功地做了某事只能使用was were able to do，故本題選D。 13)Shall I tell John about it？ No, you Ive told him already Aneednt Bwouldnt Cmustnt Dshouldnt 情態(tài)動詞shall在試題中表示征詢對方意見或請求指示。答句暗示 “沒有必要了”，故本題選A。四、be to do, be goin

45、g to do, be about to do辨析1. be to do: 1) 表示事先商定、安排或準備要做的事情。如：The students are to meet at the school gate tomorrow. 明天學(xué)生們將在學(xué)校大門口集會。 2) 表示可能性，必要、責(zé)任、義務(wù)、禁止等。如：Her necklace was not to(couldnt)be found. 她的項鏈找不到了。2. be going to do: 1) 表示將要發(fā)生的事情或打算最近要進行的動作。如：It is going to rain soon. 快要下雨了。 2) 在含有條件狀語從句的主從復(fù)

46、合句中，主句一般不用be going to，而常用will（第一人稱用shall）。如： The football match will be put off if it rains tomorrow. 如果明天下雨，足球賽將被推遲舉行。3. be about to do: 1) 表示即將發(fā)生的動作，在時間上指最近的將來。如： We are about to start. 我們就要出發(fā)了。 The new school year is about to begin. 新學(xué)年開學(xué)在即。 2) 在含有be about to do的句子中，不能再加時間狀語。如： Wrong: The medical

47、 team is about to start immediately. Right: The medical team is about to start. 醫(yī)療隊就要出發(fā)了。附：be to do 用法的詳細講解： 一般說來，“be to do” 這個結(jié)構(gòu)有兩種語法意義，其一是連系動詞be+動詞不定式做表語，其二是be to是一個獨立詞匯單位,具有情態(tài)含義,可以把它叫做情態(tài)習(xí)語(modal idiom)。 一、be +動詞不定式, 不定式做表語,表示主語和表語在概念上是等同的。如： The problem is to find a solution. His plan is to clean

48、 the room. My wish is to be a doctor. 二、be to +動詞不定式中的be to用作情態(tài)習(xí)語, 這時的be to do表示: “計劃”、“安排”、“義務(wù)”、“應(yīng)該”、“可能”、“命運”等。(have to, ought to)。如: He is to have a holiday. (表示將來) The committee is to meet today. (表示計劃、安排) You are to go to the hotel where rooms have already been booked for you. 1. 表示 “將”、“計劃”、“安

49、排”。(意思接近于be going to) 如： Their daughter is to get married soon. Who is to question him？ It was the last film at the cinema，which was to close next day. After dinner they were to go to a movie.was/ were to do 表示過去曾經(jīng)計劃要做的事，或者過去應(yīng)當(dāng)做的事，而且從現(xiàn)在的角度來看已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)了。如： I felt nervous because I was soon to leave home fo

50、r the first time. I was to play Juliet. The expedition was to start in a weeks time. was/ were to have done, 表示 “本打算”、“本計劃”或“本應(yīng)當(dāng)” 做的事而沒有做成或沒有發(fā)生。如: I was to have seen him last Wednesday, but he didnt come. We were to have been married last year. 2. 表示 “義務(wù)”、“應(yīng)該” 。(意思接近于should，must，ought to，have to) 如：

51、 No one is to leave the building. 誰也不得離開這樓房。 You are not to smoke in this room.=You are not supposed to smoke in this room. You are to be back by 10 oclock. 你必須十點以前回來。3. 表示可能性, 相當(dāng)于can, may 如: Such books are to be found in the library. 這樣的書在圖書館里就能找到。 Not a single sound was to be heard. 一點兒聲音也聽不到。 Not

52、 a soul was to be seen. 看不到一個人影。 She was nowhere to be found. 哪兒也找不到她。 She was never to see his wife and family again. 5. 表示 “命運”, 將來必然要發(fā)生的事, 譯作 “注定”。如： He came to power, but he was to play dearly for it: soon he was assassinated. The worst is still to come. They said goodbye, little knowing they we

53、re never to meet again. 6. 用于“ifwere to do”，表示虛擬語氣。如： If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off. 如果明天下雨, 運動會就會延期。五、With引導(dǎo)的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)分析with獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)是英語中一種重要的句法現(xiàn)象，在句子結(jié)構(gòu)方面具有相對獨立的特點。多年來也一直是命題的熱點、重點，因此應(yīng)該引起我們的高度重視。眾所周知，with引導(dǎo)的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)非?；钴S，雖然它在句子中只作狀語，但是可以表示伴隨、方式、原因、結(jié)果等各種復(fù)雜的情況?，F(xiàn)將with引導(dǎo)的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)總結(jié)如下。一、句法結(jié)構(gòu) 1 with 名詞（代詞）介詞短語 He sat there thinking, with his chin on his