高中英語句子成分和結(jié)構(gòu)講解課件(共31張PPT)

1、英語句子成分與結(jié)構(gòu)英語句子成分與結(jié)構(gòu)nounadj. / adv.infinitiveV-ing V-edetc.主主語語謂謂語語賓語賓語賓語賓語賓補賓補表語表語賓語賓語(間間)賓語賓語(直直)Vt系動詞系動詞ViNoun / PronounThe + adjV-ing / ClauseInfinitiveNoun / Pronoun / The + adjV-ing / Clause / Infinitivebe / feel / seem / lookappear / stand / lie become /get / grow / turn go / come / remain/ kee

2、ptaste / smell etc. nounpronounadj. / adv.infinitiveV-ing / V-edclauseetc.Members of a sentence 主語主語 subject 謂語謂語 predicate 賓語賓語 object 表語表語 predicative 賓補賓補 complement 定語定語 attribute 狀語狀語 adverbial 同位語同位語 appositiveI met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.主主語語謂謂語語定定語語賓賓語語同同位位語語狀狀語語主語（主語（su

3、bject）句子說明的人或事物,主語一般位于_ 。句首句首Lily llikes her new bike.To learn English well is not easy. How many do you want? - I want two. They sent the injured to hospital. They asked to see my passport. I enjoy working with you. Did you write down what he said? (數(shù)詞數(shù)詞)(名詞化的形容詞名詞化的形容詞)(三三)賓語（賓語（ object ）動作的對象或承受者

4、，動作的對象或承受者，由由n.或相當(dāng)于或相當(dāng)于n.的詞擔(dān)任。的詞擔(dān)任。置于置于_或或_之后。之后。（不定式）（不定式）（動名詞）（動名詞）（句子）（句子）及物動詞及物動詞介詞介詞 通常情況下，指物的叫直接賓語，指人的叫間通常情況下，指物的叫直接賓語，指人的叫間接賓語。間接賓語多放在直接賓語之前。接賓語。間接賓語多放在直接賓語之前。間接間接賓語賓語直接直接賓語賓語please pass me the book.He bought his girlfriend some flowers.He gave me some books.前置定語前置定語后置定語后置定語 I found the book

5、interesting. Do you smell something burning? He made himself known to them. （六）賓語補足語（六）賓語補足語 （object complement）We have two children, a boy and a girl.The man, my teacher, never rides a bike.表時間：yesterday, today, tomorrowShall we go shopping today or tomorrow?表地點：in China, at the airportI saw a stud

6、ent in the classroom.表原因: because, as, for, sinceBecause he was ill, he didnt go to school today.表結(jié)果：to+do, v+ing, 從句The boy fell off the tree, striking his head against the ground.表目的:in order to, in order that, for the purposeIn order to get into a better school, I must study even harder .表條件: as/

7、so long as, if, unless,As long as you study hard, you can get a high mark.表讓步: in spite of, despite, although, thoughHe helped me although he didnt know me.表程度: very, enough, to some extentThe scenery there is very beautiful.表方式: like that, as, as ifDont look at me like that!表伴隨狀況：The teacher came i

8、nto the classroom, catching a book in his hand.with畫出下列句子的狀語畫出下列句子的狀語 I will be back in a while. They are playing on the playground. He was late because he got up late. He got up so late that I missed the train. I waited to see you. He often went to school by bus. His parents died, leaving him an or

9、phan. Please call me if it is necessary. This book is very interesting. He went to school in spite of his illness.指出下列句子劃線部分是什么句子成分：指出下列句子劃線部分是什么句子成分：1. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!5

10、. They went hunting together early in the morning.6. His job is to train swimmers.7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.8. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.9. His wish is to become a scientist.10. Do you have anything else to say?Five basic sentence pattern英語五大基本句型英語五大基本句型 一一: (主謂主謂)

11、二二: (主系表主系表) 三三: (主謂賓主謂賓) 四四: (主謂間賓直賓主謂間賓直賓) 五五: (主謂賓賓補主謂賓賓補)1.(主謂主謂)是是不及物動詞不及物動詞1. The sun rose. 2. What he said does not matter. 3. They talked for half an hour. 2.+(系動詞系動詞)+(表語表語) 1. The dinner smells good. 2. Everything looks different. 3. Our well has gone dry. 4. His face turned red. 3. S+V+O

12、(V是及物動詞是及物動詞)例如：1. I saw a film yesterday.2. They built a house last year.3. You should look after your children well.4. S+V+O1+O2 (V是及物動詞是及物動詞)在此句式中，V是帶有雙賓語的及物動詞。常見的帶有雙賓語的動詞有g(shù)ive, ask, bring, offer, send, pay, lend, show, tell, buy, get, rob, warn等。例：she ordered herself a new dress.she cooked her h

13、usband a delicious meal.5. S+V+O+C The war made him a soldier.New methods make the job easy.Tips：賓語與其補足語有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系a. b. c. d. e. 1. Please tell us a story. _2. She smiled. _3. His job is to train swimmers. _4. He noticed a man enter the room. _5. Please look at the picture. _dabec Practice Nobody went.She became a doctor.The car caught fire.I will write you a long letter.I will let him go. 主主 + 謂謂主主 + 系系 + 表表主主 + 謂謂 + 賓賓主主 + 謂謂 +間接賓語間接賓語 +直接賓語直接賓語主主 + 謂謂 +賓賓 + 賓補賓補