微觀期末考試

1、就某一價(jià)格歧視案例，或調(diào)查你熟悉的實(shí)施價(jià)格歧視的企業(yè)，用所學(xué)的關(guān)于價(jià)格歧視的理論進(jìn)行分析，并寫(xiě)一篇論文。要求：1、5-6人一組（自由分組），每組提交一篇論文，題目自擬，須注明分工或每人的貢獻(xiàn)；2、結(jié)合圖形進(jìn)行分析；3、2000字以上，手寫(xiě)或打印皆可；4、如有雷同，按0分計(jì)。5、16周收，具體時(shí)間地點(diǎn)另行通知一、名詞解釋：4分*5=20分二、單選：2分*10=20分三、判斷：1分*10=10分四、作圖：2題共30分五、計(jì)算：2題共20分名詞解釋機(jī)會(huì)成本 需求定理 需求價(jià)格彈性 價(jià)格上限 生產(chǎn)者剩余 交易成本 無(wú)差異曲線 收入效應(yīng) 替代效應(yīng) 邊際收益 無(wú)謂損失 邊際產(chǎn)量遞減 規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì) 邊際成本 價(jià)

2、格歧視 占優(yōu)策略 外部性 科斯定理 排他性 公地悲劇1、 當(dāng)MC>ATC時(shí)，ATC( B ). A.下降的 B.上升的 C.處于最低點(diǎn) D.不能確定2、啤酒和比薩餅是互補(bǔ)品，因?yàn)槿藗兂３＿叧员人_餅邊喝啤酒。當(dāng)啤酒的價(jià)格上升時(shí)，比薩餅的需求（ A ） A.下降 B.上升 C. 不變 D.難以確定3、公共資源具有的特性是（ C ） A.排他性 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性 B.非排他性 非競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性 C.非排他性 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性 D. 排他性 非競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性4、當(dāng)Sally的工資從每小時(shí)50美元增加到60美元時(shí)，Sally的每天收入從400美元變?yōu)?20美元，則（ B ）A.工資上升的替代效應(yīng)大于收入效應(yīng)。B.工資上升的替代效應(yīng)小

3、于收入效應(yīng)。C.工資上升的替代效應(yīng)等于收入效應(yīng)。D. Sally對(duì)勞動(dòng)的偏好增強(qiáng)了。5、下列不屬于實(shí)證表述的是（ C ）A .社會(huì)應(yīng)該要去福利領(lǐng)取者去工作。 B. 美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)應(yīng)該降低貨幣增長(zhǎng)率。C. 社會(huì)面臨通貨膨脹與失業(yè)之間的短缺權(quán)衡取舍。 D. 農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼應(yīng)該取消。6.Poeye 的收入減少了，結(jié)果他買了更多的菠菜，則菠菜是（ A ）A.低檔物品 B.必需品 C.奢侈品 D.正常物品7.如果需求富有彈性，價(jià)格上升總收益（ B ）A. 上升 B.下降 C.不變 D.不確定8.當(dāng)政府對(duì)一種物品征稅時(shí)，該物品的均衡數(shù)量（ B ）A. 增加 B.減少 C.不變 D.不確定9.壟斷競(jìng)爭(zhēng)廠商長(zhǎng)期均衡時(shí)，價(jià)格

4、（ A ）平均總成本。A.等于 B.大于 C.小于 D.不等于10.蘋果的需求增加，導(dǎo)致摘蘋果工人的邊際產(chǎn)量值（ B ）A.不變 B.增加 C.下降 D.不確定1、當(dāng)政府對(duì)一種物品征稅稅收時(shí)，該物品的均衡數(shù)量減少。（ T ）2、沉沒(méi)成本是已經(jīng)發(fā)生而且無(wú)法收回的成本，當(dāng)企業(yè)決定停止?fàn)I業(yè)時(shí)要忽略沉沒(méi)成本。 （ T ）3、隨著工人數(shù)量的增加，當(dāng)工人的邊際產(chǎn)量減少時(shí)，生產(chǎn)函數(shù)變得越來(lái)越陡峭。 （F ）4、當(dāng)兩種商品完全互補(bǔ)時(shí)，如左腳鞋和右腳鞋，無(wú)差異曲線會(huì)是一條向右下方傾斜的直線，兩種商品MRS不變。 （ F ）5、吉芬商品降價(jià)時(shí)，價(jià)格變動(dòng)引發(fā)的替代效應(yīng)會(huì)使該商品的需求量增加。 （T ）6、完全競(jìng)爭(zhēng)廠

5、商，如果價(jià)格低于平均可變成本， 廠商會(huì)停止生產(chǎn)。 （ T ）7、寡頭市場(chǎng)上，廠商單獨(dú)決策時(shí)，他們生產(chǎn)的總量將大于壟斷的產(chǎn)量。 （ T ）8、納什均衡中，無(wú)論對(duì)方采取什么策略，參與者都有唯一的最優(yōu)策略。 （ F ）9、壟斷競(jìng)爭(zhēng)廠商長(zhǎng)期均衡時(shí)，價(jià)格等于平均可變成本。 （F ）10、完全競(jìng)爭(zhēng)廠商實(shí)現(xiàn)長(zhǎng)期均衡時(shí)，價(jià)格等于平均總成本，產(chǎn)量為有效規(guī)模，利潤(rùn)為零。( T ) 2、Using supply-and-demand diagrams, show the effect of the following events on the market for sweatshirts運(yùn)動(dòng)衫.a. A hurr

6、icane颶風(fēng) in South Carolina南卡羅來(lái)納 damages the cotton crop.b. The price of leather jackets 皮夾克 falls.3、Draw the demand, marginal-revenue, average total-cost, and marginal-cost curves for a monopolist. Show the profit-maximizing level of output, the profit-maximizing price, and the amount of profit.4、Dra

7、w a diagram of the long-run equilibrium in a monopolistically competitive market. How is price related to average total cost? How is price related to marginal cost?P110-42、A price change causes the quantity demanded of a good to decrease by 30 percent, while the total revenue of that good increases

8、by 15 percent. Is the demand curve elastic or inelastic? Explain.該種物品的需求曲線缺乏彈性3、Consumers income raises by 15 percent, while the quantity demanded of a good increases by 10 percent, Is the good an inferior good or a normal good? Explain.該商品是正常商品 4、You have the following information about good X and

9、good Y: Income elasticity of demand for good X: 3 Cross-price elasticity of demand for good X withrespect to the price of good Y: 2Would an increase in income and a decrease in the price of good Y unambiguously(明白的，不含糊的) decrease the demand for good X? Why or why not?低檔商品 替代品 5、Suppose the demand fo

10、r French bread rises. Explain what happens to producer surplus in the market for French bread. Explain what happens to producer surplus in the market for flour（面粉）. Illustrate your answers with diagrams.P223-136、The market for a particular chemical, called Negext, is described by the following quati

11、ons.Demand is given by: QD = 100 5PSupply is given by: QS = 5Pwhere Q is measured as units of Negext and P is price in dollars per unit.a. Find the equilibrium price and quantity. Compute consumer surplus, producer surplus, and total surplus in the market equilibrium.b. For each unit of Negext produ

12、ced, 4 units of pollution are emitted, and each unit of pollution imposes a cost on society of $1. Compute the total cost of pollution when the market for Negext is in equilibrium. What is total surplus from this market after taking into account the cost of pollution?c. Would banning Negext increase

13、 or decrease welfare? Why?d. Suppose that the government restricts emissions to 100 units of pollution. Graph the Negext market under this constraint. Find the new equilibrium price and quantity and show them on your graph. Compute how this policy affects consumer surplus, producer surplus, and the

14、cost of pollution. Would you recommend this policy? Why?e. Suppose that instead of restricting pollution, the government imposes a tax on producers equal to $4 for each unit of chemical produced. Calculate the new equilibrium price and quantity, as well as consumer surplus, producer surplus, tax rev

15、enue, and the cost of pollution. What is total surplus now? Would you recommend this policy? Why?f. New research finds the social cost of pollution is really higher than $1. How would that change the optimal policy response? Is there some cost of pollution that would make it sensible to ban Negext?

16、If so, what is it?7、A consumer has income of 540. The price of good 1 is 20 per unit and the price of good 2 is 30 per unit. What is the slope of this budget constraint（預(yù)算線）? If the consumers utility function is U=3X1X22，Calculate the optimal consumption choice and total utility.2/3 X1=9; X2=12; U=3

17、888P287-128. Consider the following table of long-run total costs for three different firms:Quantity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7Firm A $60 $70 $80 $90 $100 $110 $120Firm B 11 24 39 56 75 96 119Firm C 21 34 49 66 85 106 129Does each of these firms experience economies of scale or diseconomies of scale?P342-129、Bas

18、ed on market research, a recording company obtains the following information about the demand and production costs of its new CD:Price = 1,000 10QTotal Revenue = 1,000Q 10Q2Marginal Revenue = 1,000 20QMarginal Cost = 100 + 10Qwhere Q indicates the number of copies sold and P is the price in cents.a.

19、 Find the price and quantity that maximizes the companys profit.b. Find the price and quantity that would maximize social welfare.c. Calculate the deadweight loss from monopoly無(wú)謂損失=2250P363-410、For each of the following characteristics, say whether it describes a monopoly firm, a monopolistically competitive firm, both, or neither.a. Faces a downward-sloping demand curv