牛津上海版高二英語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之二自制超好用教師版

1、高二非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞專題二（本部分主要講分詞，包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞，讓學(xué)生通過(guò)例句來(lái)總結(jié)知識(shí)點(diǎn)，適合自主學(xué)習(xí)性比較強(qiáng)的學(xué)員）1.什么是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：在英語(yǔ)中，不作句子謂語(yǔ)，而具有除謂語(yǔ)外其他語(yǔ)法功能的動(dòng)詞，叫做非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有動(dòng)詞不定式（the Infinitive）；動(dòng)名詞（the Gerund）；現(xiàn)在分詞（the Present Participle）；過(guò)去分詞（the Past Participle）。NO.1現(xiàn)在分詞1. 現(xiàn)在分詞既具有動(dòng)詞的一些特征，又具有形容詞和副詞的句法功能。否定式：not + 現(xiàn)在分詞（1）現(xiàn)在分詞的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：現(xiàn)在分詞主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的一般式表示與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作

2、同時(shí)發(fā)生，完成式表示的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生，常作狀語(yǔ)。例如：They went to the park, singing and talking. 他們邊唱邊說(shuō)向公園走去。Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. 做完作業(yè)，他開(kāi)始打籃球。（2）現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：一般式表示與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生的被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作，完成式表示發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前的被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。The problem being discussed is very important. 正在被討論的問(wèn)題很重要。Having been told many times, the

3、 naughty boy made the same mistake. 被告訴了好幾遍，這個(gè)淘氣的孩子又犯了同一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。2現(xiàn)在分詞的句法功能：（1）作定語(yǔ)：現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，當(dāng)分詞單獨(dú)做定語(yǔ)時(shí)，放在所修飾的名詞前；如果是分詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)放在名詞后。In the following years he worked even harder. 在后來(lái)的幾年中，他學(xué)習(xí)更努力了。The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father.正與老師談話的那個(gè)人是我們班長(zhǎng)的父親。注意：現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的句法功能，如：in the fol

4、lowing years也可用in the years that followed; the man speaking to the teacher可改為the man who is speaking to the teacher. （2）現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)：The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. 正在這家上演的電影很棒。The present situation is inspiring. 當(dāng)前的形勢(shì)鼓舞人心。注意：be + doing既可能表示現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，也可能是現(xiàn)在分詞做表語(yǔ)，它們的區(qū)別在于be + doing表示進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作是進(jìn)行時(shí)，而

5、表示特征時(shí)是系動(dòng)詞be與現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。（3）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：如下動(dòng)詞后可跟現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch等。例如：Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? 你能聽(tīng)見(jiàn)她在隔壁唱歌嗎？He kept the car waiting at the gate. 他讓小汽車在門口等著。（4）現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)：作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：(While) Working in the fa

6、ctory, he was an advanced worker. 在工廠工作時(shí)，他是一名先進(jìn)工人。作原因狀語(yǔ)：Being a League member, he is always helping others. 由于是共青團(tuán)員，他經(jīng)常幫助他人。作方式狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨：He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. 他呆在家里，又擦又洗。作條件狀語(yǔ)：(If) Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time. 要是整天玩，你就會(huì)浪費(fèi)寶貴的時(shí)間。作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)：He dropped the glass, break

7、ing it into pieces. 他把杯子掉了，結(jié)果摔得粉碎。作目的狀語(yǔ)：He went swimming the other day. 幾天前他去游泳了。作讓步狀語(yǔ)：Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon. 雖然雨下得很大，但不久天就晴了。與邏輯主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格：I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my heard我等汽車時(shí)，一只鳥(niǎo)落到我頭上。All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly. 所有的票已經(jīng)

8、賣光了，他們失望地離開(kāi)了。Time permitting, we'll do another two exercises. 如果時(shí)間允許，我們將做另兩個(gè)練習(xí)。注意：有時(shí)也可用with (without) +名詞（代詞賓格）+分詞形式With the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他點(diǎn)著燈睡著了。作獨(dú)立成分：udging from(by) his appearance, he must be an actor. 從外表看，他一定是個(gè)演員。Generally speaking, girls are more careful. 一般說(shuō)來(lái)，女孩子更細(xì)心。動(dòng)名詞

9、和現(xiàn)在分詞的區(qū)別：動(dòng)名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的區(qū)別主要是：1. 如果ing形式在句中作表語(yǔ)，那么它可能是現(xiàn)在分詞，也可能是動(dòng)名詞。區(qū)別方法是：動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，說(shuō)明被修飾的名詞的用途（可以用"use for +動(dòng)名詞"這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)代替），它和所修飾的名詞在邏輯上沒(méi)有主謂關(guān)系，可以與主語(yǔ)交換位置；現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示它所修飾的名詞的行為，和它所修飾的名詞在邏輯上有主謂關(guān)系，不能與主語(yǔ)交換位置，（可以擴(kuò)展為定語(yǔ)從句）。E.g.: a sleeping car=a car used for sleeping 一節(jié)臥車車廂 （sleeping此處為動(dòng)名詞a sleeping child=a ch

10、ild who is sleeping 一個(gè)睡著的孩子 （sleeping此處為現(xiàn)在分詞2. 動(dòng)名詞具有名詞的性質(zhì)： 可以和名詞一樣有冠詞或this、some等修飾； E.g.: A knocking at the door was heard 可以和名詞一樣有所有格、復(fù)數(shù)形式； E.g.: He enjoys reading for readings sake, not for scholarship. He is so busy that I cant keep track of all his comings and goings. 可以帶有所有格已表明動(dòng)作者。 E.g.: Please

11、 excuse my coming late.3. “動(dòng)名詞+名詞”和“現(xiàn)在分詞+名詞”的讀音不同，前者的重音在“動(dòng)名詞”上（a sleeping suit），而后者的重音在“名詞”上（a sleeping child）。4. 動(dòng)名詞用法的特殊情況 No+動(dòng)名詞用于簡(jiǎn)短的禁令或禁律 E.g.: No smoking. There is no+-ing（是不可能的）= It is impossible to = No one can (or We cannot )E.g.: There is no telling when lasting peace will come. (誰(shuí)也不知道永久的和平

12、何時(shí)到來(lái)) Never (or not) without + -ing （每次都）= wheneverE.g.: He never comes without bringing some present. It goes without saying that （是不用說(shuō)的）= It is needless to say thatE.g.: It goes without saying that no animal can live without breathing. Do+動(dòng)名詞（做需要若干時(shí)間或一再重復(fù)的事情）動(dòng)名詞之前都有the、所有格或some/a little/ much/ a l

13、ot of 之類的形容詞。E.g.: Do you do much fishing? On (or upon) +-ing （當(dāng)，一就）=when (or as soon as) +S. + V. Of ones own = -ing （自己的）=-ed by oneselfE.g.: He showed me a picture of his own painting. Make a point of ing （必定，重視）= make it a point to E.g.: He makes a point of calling on me on New Years Day. Be on

14、(or upon) the point of ing （正要）= be just about to 5. 如果ing形式在句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，那么它一定是現(xiàn)在分詞。如果ing形式在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)，那么它一定是動(dòng)名詞?，F(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)名詞形式上相同，但語(yǔ)法作用不同?，F(xiàn)在分詞起形容詞作用，作定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)；而動(dòng)名詞起名詞作用，作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)?，F(xiàn)在分詞與動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)的判斷(1)v-ing 同它所修飾的名詞之間沒(méi)有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，不表示名詞本身的動(dòng)作、行為，通常表示被修飾名詞的用途時(shí)，v-ing為動(dòng)名詞：如：a swimming pool一個(gè)游泳池； 

15、60;  a walking stick一根拐棍(2) v-ing 同它修飾的名詞之間有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表示名詞本身的動(dòng)作、行為時(shí)，v-ing 為現(xiàn)在分詞。單個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞作前置定語(yǔ)，現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)則作后置定語(yǔ)。如：The boy sitting  0n the sofa is a classmate of mine.沙發(fā)上坐著的那個(gè)男孩是我的一個(gè)同學(xué)。a speaking boy = a boy who is speaking一個(gè)說(shuō)話的男孩；現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)名詞在復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中的判斷(1)在“名詞所有格或物主代詞+v-ing”的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，v-ing 的(邏輯)主

16、語(yǔ)為名詞的所有格或物主代詞，此時(shí)為動(dòng)名詞。如：Do you mind Jack's playing with your son here?你介意杰克和你兒子在這里玩嗎？Do you mind my smoking here?你介意我在這里抽煙嗎？(2)在“名詞或人稱代詞賓格+v-ing”的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，v-ing 的邏輯主語(yǔ)為名詞或代詞的賓格時(shí)，它一般被判斷為現(xiàn)在分詞。如：I can hear students reading English on the campus every morning每天早晨我經(jīng)常能夠聽(tīng)到學(xué)生們?cè)谛@里讀英語(yǔ)。I saw them shaking hands

17、 warmly when I got off the train當(dāng)我下了火車后，我見(jiàn)到他們親切地握手。v-ing 作表語(yǔ)，是現(xiàn)在分詞還是動(dòng)名詞的判斷1)在“主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+ v-ing”結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果表語(yǔ)與主語(yǔ)是處于同等的位置，即主語(yǔ)與表語(yǔ)可以互換位置而意思不變時(shí)，v-ing 為動(dòng)名詞。如：Her job is looking after the children = Looking after the children is her job她的工作是看小孩兒。(2)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)表示某人、某事物或各種各樣的情況，而表語(yǔ)又是補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的特征，其前可以加上very，quite等詞來(lái)修飾時(shí)，v-ing為現(xiàn)在

18、分詞。如：What he said is very (quite) inspiring他所說(shuō)的話很鼓舞人。The music is very exciting. 音樂(lè)很令人興奮。(3)在“主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞(如：look，become，get，feel，keep，seem，sound，remain，etc)+ v-ing”結(jié)構(gòu)中，v-ing 為現(xiàn)在分詞。如：The story sounds moving. 這個(gè)故事聽(tīng)起來(lái)很動(dòng)人。簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)：     現(xiàn)在分詞與動(dòng)名詞，形態(tài)上完全相同，都是動(dòng)詞以ing結(jié)尾，但兩者有一個(gè)最本質(zhì)的區(qū)別，那就是現(xiàn)在分詞是形容詞

19、，而動(dòng)名詞是名詞，因此在一個(gè)句子中，凡是可以放形容詞的地方，都可以放現(xiàn)在分詞，凡是可以放名詞的地方，都可以放動(dòng)名詞，你只要記住這一點(diǎn)就可以了。NO.2過(guò)去分詞1. 形式： 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞只有一種形式，絕大部分的過(guò)去分詞由動(dòng)詞原形加-ed構(gòu)成，也有一些過(guò)去分詞是不規(guī)則的。2. 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的否定形式 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞否定形式是由not或never加過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成。 Not allowed to go in, he had to wait outside. 不允許他進(jìn)去，他只好在外面等著。 Never invited to his party, she got angry with him. 從未被邀

20、請(qǐng)過(guò)去他的聚會(huì)，她很生氣。3. 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的特征動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞有被動(dòng)的意思，有時(shí)也可表示完成的動(dòng)作。動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞表示完成被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作過(guò)去分詞帶有完成的意義，有的同時(shí)也帶有被動(dòng)的意義。Born and brought up in the countryside, he was interested in biology. 由于在農(nóng)村出生并長(zhǎng)大，他對(duì)生物很感興趣。One of the glasses was found broken. 有人發(fā)現(xiàn)其中一個(gè)杯子破了。The books, written by Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people.

21、 魯迅寫(xiě)的這些書(shū)，受到了許多中國(guó)人的喜愛(ài)。及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞一般表示被動(dòng)的意思Given more time, I could have solved that riddle. 要是有充足的時(shí)間，我就能猜出那個(gè)謎語(yǔ)。（句子的主語(yǔ)I 和動(dòng)詞give之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。）When you speak English, be sure to make yourself understood. 你說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，一定要讓人懂得你的意思。（動(dòng)詞make的賓語(yǔ)yourself和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)understand之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。）The experience gained in the army was of gre

22、at value to our study. 在軍隊(duì)獲得的經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)我們的學(xué)習(xí)很有幫助。 不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞只表示完成的意思，并不帶有被動(dòng)的含義 an escaped prisoner 逃犯 （= a prisoner who has escaped） a retired worker 退休工人 （= a worker who has retired） a newly arrived guest 新來(lái)的客人 （= a guest who has just arrived）We should bring in advanced technology from developed countries

23、 from time to time.我們應(yīng)該不時(shí)地從發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家引進(jìn)先進(jìn)技術(shù)。People should pay attention to the changed situation. 人們應(yīng)該注意到變化了的形勢(shì)。常見(jiàn)的如：Fallen leaves faded flowers the risen sun departed friends returned students專題過(guò)關(guān)1. The repairs cost a lot ,but its money well . A. to spend B. spent C. being spent D. spending2. The disc, d

24、igitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded3. Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining company, _as 3M. A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be knownKeys：BAB過(guò)去分詞的句法功能1. 作表語(yǔ)：The city is surrounde

25、d on three sides by mountains. 這座城市三面環(huán)山。 注意：過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的區(qū)別：過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，主要是表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)，而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)則表示動(dòng)作。 1）The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. 茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的。（是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，表示動(dòng)作） 2）The library is now closed. 圖書(shū)館關(guān)門了。（過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)） 注意：過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)或完成，V-ing 形式表示主動(dòng)或進(jìn)行.有些動(dòng)詞，如：interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten等通常用其過(guò)去

26、分詞形式來(lái)修飾人，用 -ing 形式來(lái)修飾物.。 3）The book is interesting and I'm interested in it. 這本書(shū)很有趣，我對(duì)它很感興趣。 2. 作定語(yǔ)：作定語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞或者被動(dòng)的定語(yǔ)從句,其邏輯主語(yǔ)就是它所修飾的名詞.及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，既表被動(dòng)又表完成；不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，只表完成。 1）過(guò)去分詞用作定語(yǔ)，如果是單個(gè)的，常置于其所修飾的名詞之前。 We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.我們必須使我們的思想適應(yīng)改變了的情況。 2）過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)用作

27、定語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般置于其所修飾的名詞之后，其意義相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,但較從句簡(jiǎn)潔，多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)中。 The concert given by their friends was a success.他們朋友舉行的音樂(lè)會(huì)大為成功。 3）過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)有時(shí)也可用作非限制性定語(yǔ)，前后常有逗號(hào)。 The meeting, attended by over five thousand people,welcomed the great hero. 他們舉行了歡迎英雄的大會(huì)，到會(huì)的有五千多人。 4）用來(lái)修飾人的過(guò)去分詞有時(shí)可以轉(zhuǎn)移到修飾非人的事物，這種過(guò)去分詞在形式上雖不直接修飾人，但它所修飾的事物仍與人直接有關(guān)

28、。 The boy looked up with a pleased expression. 男孩帶著滿意的表情舉目而視。3. 作狀語(yǔ)：3. 1 過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)表示被動(dòng)的和完成的動(dòng)作。 1）Written in a hurry,this article was not so good! 因?yàn)閷?xiě)得匆忙，這篇文章不是很好。 注意：written 為過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，表示這篇文章是被寫(xiě)的，而且已經(jīng)被寫(xiě). 值得注意的是，有些過(guò)去分詞因來(lái)源于系表結(jié)構(gòu),作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)不表被動(dòng)而表主動(dòng).這樣的過(guò)去分詞及短語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)的有： lost （迷路）; seated （坐）; hidden （躲）; stationed （駐扎）

29、; lost / absorbed in （沉溺于）; born （出身于）; dressed in （穿著）; tired of （厭煩）。 3. 2 過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)其邏輯主語(yǔ)為主句的主語(yǔ)，此時(shí)應(yīng)注意人稱一致； 1）Given another hour, I can also work out this problem. 再給我一個(gè)小時(shí)，我也能解這道題.（given 為過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，它的邏輯主語(yǔ)為主句主語(yǔ) I，即 I 被再給一個(gè)小時(shí)。） 2）Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us. 從山頂看城市

30、，城市顯得更漂亮。（seen 為過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，表"被看",由語(yǔ)境可知，它的邏輯主語(yǔ)必須是城市，而不是"我們",因?yàn)?quot;我們"應(yīng)主動(dòng)看城市。） 注意：如果過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，前面再加邏輯主語(yǔ)，主句的主語(yǔ)就不再是分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)，這種帶邏輯主語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)際上屬于獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 1）The signal given, the bus started. 信號(hào)一發(fā)出，汽車就開(kāi)動(dòng)了。（the signal 是 given 的邏輯主語(yǔ)，因此主句主語(yǔ) the bus 就不是given 的邏輯主語(yǔ)。 2）Her head held high, she

31、 went by. 她把頭昂得高高地從這兒走了過(guò)去。（her head 是 held high 的邏輯主語(yǔ)，因此主句主語(yǔ) she 就不再是held high 的邏輯主語(yǔ)。） 3.3 過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)來(lái)源于狀語(yǔ)從句. 1）Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因?yàn)榱芰艘粓?chǎng)大雨，所以他全身濕透了。 （caught in a heavy rain 為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ)，它來(lái)源于原因狀語(yǔ)從句Because he was caught in a heavy rain.） 2）Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fa

32、st. 如果種在肥沃的土壤里，這些種子能長(zhǎng)得很快。（ grown in rich soil 為過(guò)去分詞作條件狀語(yǔ),它來(lái)源于條件狀語(yǔ)從句If these seeds are grown in rich soil. 注意：狀語(yǔ)從句改成過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)有時(shí)還可保留連詞，構(gòu)成"連詞過(guò)去分詞"結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)。 When given a medical examination,you should keep calm. 當(dāng)你做體格檢查時(shí)要保持鎮(zhèn)定。 3.4 過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)的位置.過(guò)去分詞可放在主句前作句首狀語(yǔ)，后面有逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)；也可放在主句后面，前面有逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)。 He stood

33、 there silently, moved to tears. Moved to tears, he stood there silently.他靜靜地站在那里，被感動(dòng)得熱淚盈眶。 4. 作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：（一）能夠接過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有以下四類： 4.1表示感覺(jué)或心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞.如：see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等。 1）I heard the song sung in English. 我聽(tīng)到有人用英語(yǔ)唱過(guò)這首歌。（過(guò)去分詞sung的動(dòng)作顯然先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作heard;）2）He found

34、his hometown greatly changed. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)他的家鄉(xiāng)變化很大。（過(guò)去分詞changed的動(dòng)作顯然先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作found） 4.2表示“致使”意義的動(dòng)詞。如：have, make, get, keep, leave等。 1）I'll have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理發(fā)。 2）He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。 3）Don't leave those things undone. 要把那些事情做完。 4.3表示思維活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞如consider， know， think等

35、后。如： 1）I consider the matter settled. 我認(rèn)為這件事解決了。 2）I thought myself wronged somehow in the bargain. 我認(rèn)為自己在這場(chǎng)交易中有受愚弄了。 4.4表示愛(ài)憎,意愿的動(dòng)詞如want， wish， like， hate等后。如： 1）I wanted two tickets reserved. 我要預(yù)定兩張機(jī)票。 2）He didnt wish it mentioned. 他不愿這事被提起。 注意：過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作一定和賓語(yǔ)有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。 （二）使役動(dòng)詞have接過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)有兩種情況。 1過(guò)

36、去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作由他人完成。 He had his money stolen.他的錢給偷了。（被別人偷去了） 2 過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作由句中的主語(yǔ)所經(jīng)歷.如： He had his leg broken.他的腿斷了。 （自己的經(jīng)歷）專題過(guò)關(guān)1. As we joined the big crowd, I got _from my friends.A. separatedB. sparedC. lostD. missed2. I dont know the restaurant，but it is _ to be quite a good one.A. saidB. toldC. spoken

37、 D. talked 3. The young man seems to be _in law A. interesting B. interested C. interest D.being interested4. Have you read the news in today's newspaper？This news sounds _. A. encouraging B. encouraged C. encourage D. to encourage 5. -Shall we go swimming ? -OK. Ill just go and get _.A. changed

38、 B. to change C. to be changed D. Changing6._ into use in April 2019, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. A. Put B. Putting C. Having put D. Being put7._ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D.

39、Having dressed8. _ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing9. When _help, one often says “Thank you.” or “Its kind of you.”A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered10. The managers discussed the pla

40、n that they would like to see _the next year. A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry youKeys:1-5. AABDB 6-10. AABAC 達(dá)標(biāo)檢測(cè)一、單選1. _ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decides to spend another two days on the farm.A. AttractingB. Having attractedC. To be attracted D. Attracte

41、d2. They are going to have the service man _ an electric fan in the office tomorrow. A. fix B. to fix C. to be fixed D. fixed3. You will see this product _ wherever you go. A. to be advertised B. advertised C. advertise D. advertising4._the program, they have to stay there for another two weeks. A.

42、Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed5. Our self-respect increased when _by others. A. feeling accepted B. accepted C. we feel accepted D. accepting6. The Olympic Games, _ in 776 B.C. did not include women players until 1912.A. first played B. to be first pl

43、ayed C. first playing D. to be first playing7. Mr. Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel.A. tired, boring B. tiring, bored C. tired, bored D. tiring, boring 8. She felt rather _that she should drive the car at such a_ speed. A. frightening, frightening B. frightened, frightened C. fright

44、ening, frightened D. frightened, frightening9. Cleaning women in big cities get _ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay10. Did you attend the meeting _yesterday?A. to be held B. having been held C. held D. being held11. Do you know the name of the play_ in the hall now?A. to be put on B. b

45、eing put on C. put on D. putting on 12. I borrowed a book _ by Mark Twain from the library last week. I like it very much. A. written B. writing C. was written D. to write13. The rooms are _, so you cant move in.A. painted B. painting C. being painted D. to be painted14. As soon as he entered the ci

46、ty, he _. A. was losing B. got losing C. grew lost D. got lost 15. What he has done is really _.Now his parents are _ him. A. disappointing; disappointed at B. disappointing; disappointed about C. disappointing; disappointed with D. disappointed; disappointing by 16. The murderer was brought in , wi

47、th his hands _ behinds his back . A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied17. _ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received18. _ better attention, the vegetables could have grown better with the sun shining brightly in

48、 the sky and _ them light. A. Giving; given B. Given; given C. Giving; giving D. Given; giving19. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose20. _ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. A. Compare B. Whe

49、n comparingC. Comparing D. When compared2、 語(yǔ)法填空1. The students, _ (surprise)at the way the questions were put, didn't know the answers to them. 2.Prices of daily goods _(buy) through a computer can be lower than store prices. 3. He wasnt asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, _ _ (con

50、sidere) insufficiently popular with all members. 4._(separate) from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. 5. Dont spend time beating on a wall, _(hope) to change it into a door.6.Dont let the sadness of your past an

51、d the fear of your future _( ruin) the happiness of your present. 7. Always remember to get every bit of criticism _ ( sandwich) between two thick layers of praise. 8.To avoid _ (lay) off, you should be prepared to state how your contributions will benefit the company. 9. The latest research _ (unde

52、rtake) shows that micro blog is the most popular social networking tool among Chinese netizens. 10._ (set) our life goals will guide us to a bright future, without which we may waste our lifetime. 11. The government will come up with more volunteer projects just _ ( promote) the volunteer industry. 12. _ (make) several important decisions based on emotion instead of reason, he felt bitterly regretted. Keys: 一. 1. DABCC 6. AADCC 11. BACDC 16. DCDCD 二. 1. surprised; bought; considered; Having been separated; hoping; ruin; 7. sandwiched; being laid; undertaken; Setting; to promote;