專四語(yǔ)法練習(xí)

1、Ex291.Shortage of land and funding are blamed for the city's greenspace.A. inefficientB. inaccurateC. inadequateD. indispensable2. Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper it' closely.A. followedB. followingC. to followD. being followedSince both he and I work in the same hospital

2、, I can hardly avoid him.A. being met B. meeting C. to be met D. to meet4. Since he lied to me, he will never persuade me hissincerity or truthfulness.A. of B. for C. in D. at5. Since he was involved in the case, the court his appearance.A. requested B. asked C. required D. solicited6. Since it is s

3、uch a sunny day, we might to the suburb for a picnic.A. as well as goB. as well as to goC. as well goD. as well to go7. Since the; groundis wet,it lastnight.A. must have rained B.mustbe rainingC. must rainD. had-rained8. Since we can't hear you at the back of the hall, you'll hav e to your v

4、oice.A. increase B. liftC. raiseD. speak up9. Small boys are questioners. They ask questions all thetime.A. originalB. imaginativeC. peculiarD. persistent10. Smoking is not here.A. promisedB. performed C. AllowedD. let11. So-called intelligent behavior demands memory, remembering being a primary for

5、reasoning.A. resourceB. resolutionC. requirement D. response12. Some animals adjust themselves their environment by instinct.A. toB. inC. from D. toward13. Some areas, the severe weather conditions, are hardly populated.A. owing toB. in spite ofC. but forD. withregard to14.Some companies' have i

6、ntroduced flexible working time with less emphas is on pressure .A. than more on efficiencyB. and more efficiencyC. and more on efficiencyD. than efficiency.15.Some of the most important concepts in physics _ their succes s to these mathematical systemsA. oblige B. contributeC. devote D. attribute16

7、. Some old people don't like pop songs because they can't so much noise.A. resistB. sustain C. tolerateD. undergo17. Some people are to jump to haste conclusions.A. inclinedB. inclusiveC. inadequate D. incapable18. Some people criticizefamily doctors fortoo many medi11cines for minor illness

8、es.A. prescribing iveringB. orderingC. advisingD. del19. Some people either avoid questions of right and wrong or remain neutral about them.A. violentlyB. enthusiasticallyC. sincerelyD.deliberately20.Some people viewed the findings with caution, noting that a ca use-and-effect relationship between p

9、assive smoking and cancer remains.A. to be shown B. to have shown C. to have been shownD. being shown21.Some scientists there is no life on Mars, but no one has got definite conclusion yet.A. judgeB. proveC. assume D. conclude22. Somehow , he managed to get a well-paid job in the bank.A. or soB. or

10、otherC. or elseD. or more23. Someone must have left the tap on, water was runningover and flooding the bathroom.A. thereforeB. forC. neverthelessD. moreover24.Sometimes patients suffering from severe pain can be helped by "drugs" that aren't really drugs at all sugar pills that contain

11、 no active chemical elements.A. or ratherB. rather than C. but ratherD.other than25. Sometimes theytheir students' poor comprehension to alack of intelligence.A.onsiderdistributeB.attributeC.contributeD. c26.Sometimesveryyoungchildrenhavetroublefact fromfictionand maybelievethatsuchthingsactuall

12、yexist.A.for separatingB.to separateC.havingseparatedD. separating1. C） inadequate 意為“不充足的”，如：The supply is inadequate to meet the demand. 供不應(yīng)求。inefficient 意為 “效率低的”， 如： A machine that uses too much power is inefficient. 用電過(guò)多的機(jī)器效率低。而inaccurate 作“不精確的，不精密的”講，如：The thermometer is inaccurate. 這個(gè)溫度計(jì)不準(zhǔn)。i

13、ndispensable 意為“必不可少的，必需的” ，如：Air ，food and water are indispensable to life. 空氣、食物和水是維持生命所必需 的。2. B）該題旨在考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的獨(dú)立分詞結(jié)構(gòu)。一般情況下，分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)與句子的主語(yǔ)存在一定的邏輯關(guān)系（主謂或動(dòng)賓關(guān)系），否則分詞就須有自己的主語(yǔ)或邏輯賓語(yǔ)，來(lái)構(gòu)成“名詞或代詞十分詞”的獨(dú)立分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，用來(lái)表示原因、時(shí)間、條件、方式或伴隨情況等，如：The experiment being over ，thestudents begantheir discussion. 做完實(shí)驗(yàn)后，學(xué)生們開始討論。No

14、bodyhavinganymore to say， themeeting was closed. 大家都沒(méi)有什么可說(shuō)的了，會(huì)議也就結(jié)束了。由此可見(jiàn)，B）是最佳選擇。英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法要求在同一個(gè)句號(hào)前，不允許存在兩個(gè)既不是并列關(guān)系，也不是從屬關(guān)系的句子，故A）不正確。 “名詞十不定式”雖然也是一種復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，但它表示將來(lái)，如： Here are the first two volumesthe third one to come out next month. 這兒是頭兩卷，第三卷下月出版?？?見(jiàn) C)也不正確。D)是分詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，不符合題意。3. B) avoid 作“避免”講。后面不能跟動(dòng)詞不定式，

15、只能跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，故C)和D)錯(cuò)誤。又由于句子主語(yǔ)I和動(dòng)詞meet在邏輯上是主謂關(guān)系，故應(yīng)使用主動(dòng)形式的動(dòng)名詞，因此 B)是正確的。4. A) persuadesb of sth 是固定搭配，意為“使某人相信某事”，如：No one could persuade him of what she said 沒(méi)有人可以使他相信她的話。for ， in 和 at 都不能和動(dòng)詞persuade 搭配。5. C) require 意為“要求，命令”，為一正式用語(yǔ)，如：They required that the right to vote be given to every adult 他們要求

16、每一位成年人都應(yīng)該賦予選舉權(quán)。request 意為“懇求，請(qǐng)求”，含有客氣的意味，如：They requested us for the attendance 他們請(qǐng)求我們出席。ask 意為“請(qǐng)求，要求” ，是一個(gè)普通用詞，指某人對(duì)要求的事期望得到答復(fù)，如：She asked him for of a favor 她請(qǐng)他幫忙。solicit 作“請(qǐng)求，要求”講，是正式用語(yǔ)，指畢恭畢敬地、認(rèn)認(rèn)真真地請(qǐng)求，如：They are soliciting funds for a new hospital 他們申請(qǐng)基金用來(lái)建一座新醫(yī) 院。6. C) may (might) as well do sth .

17、用來(lái)表示委婉地提出建議，意為“不妨 ,最好”如：You might as well tell me the truth .你不妨把真相告訴我。7. A) must have done 用來(lái)表示對(duì)過(guò)去某動(dòng)作的肯定推測(cè)，如：He must have been to England for he knows so much about that count ry .他一定去過(guò)英國(guó)，因?yàn)樗私饽敲炊嘤嘘P(guān)那個(gè)國(guó)家的事情。因此A)正確。8. C) raiseone s voice 是固定搭配，意為“提高聲音，提高嗓音”，如：He raised his voiceso that everyonecould

18、hear him 他提高聲音，以便大家都能聽(tīng)見(jiàn)。increase 意為“增加，增多”，一般后跟比較具體的東西，如：toincreaseproduction and practice econolift中意為“舉起，抬起”，forme tolift 這箱子太重，我很不動(dòng)。speak upFactories must do everything my.工廠必須采取一切措施增產(chǎn)節(jié)約。 如 : This box is too heavy 意為“大膽地說(shuō)”，如：about the bush like that C)是正確答案。You'd better speak up and not go be

19、ating 你最好爽爽快快地說(shuō)出來(lái)，不要這樣拐彎抹角。由此可見(jiàn)9. D) persistent 意為“堅(jiān)持不懈的，執(zhí)意的”，例今天早上他又打如： He phoned again this morning. He's very persistent.電話了。他就是不肯罷休。original 意為“獨(dú)創(chuàng)的”，例如： He won an award for the most original design 他因設(shè)計(jì)最富獨(dú)創(chuàng)性而獲了獎(jiǎng)。imaginative 意為“富有想像力的”，例is a reflection of the real world 一切peculiar 意為“特殊的，獨(dú)特的”

20、，例way of organizing the meeting 他主持會(huì)議如： All imaginative creation有想像力的創(chuàng)作都是真實(shí)世界的反映。如： He has his own peculiar有自己獨(dú)特的方式。The ingredientsof the ice cream sold in his restaurant are very pe culiar 他餐館里出售的冰淇淋的配料很特殊。10. C） promise 作“允諾，答應(yīng)”講，一般不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如：I promised him to attend to the matter promptly 我答應(yīng)他立即處理

21、這件事。 perform 作“履行，執(zhí)行”講，如；Dr Smith performed the operation 史密斯大夫做的這一手術(shù)。let 為使役動(dòng)詞，要求跟復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)（即“賓語(yǔ)十賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”） 。需要注意的是，作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式不能帶to ，如： Let them do their worst ！讓他們把最兇惡的絕招都使出來(lái)吧！allow 作 “允許， 準(zhǔn)許” 講， 在非正式英語(yǔ)中較為常見(jiàn)，在被動(dòng)句中可以用人作主語(yǔ)，也可以用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)，如：Talking isnotallowedinlibrary圖書室里禁止交談。又如：Peoplearenotallowedtosmokeher

22、e.這里不允許吸煙。因此只有C）為正確答案。11. C） requirement 意為“要求，必要條件”，如：There are two requirements for successors 對(duì)接班人有兩個(gè)要求。而resource意為“資源，謀略”，如：We must exploit the natural resources of our country 我們必須開發(fā)本國(guó)的 天然資源。resolution 作 “決心， 決議” 講， 如： He is a man of great resolution 他是一位有決心的人。response 意為“反應(yīng)，回答”，如：My letter of

23、inquiry brought no response 我去信詢問(wèn)，卻沒(méi)有得到回音。12. A adjust意為“調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)，使 適應(yīng)”，后常跟介詞to作為搭配，如：These desks and seats can be adjusted to the height of any child 這 些桌椅的高度可根據(jù)兒童的身高調(diào)節(jié)。13. A) owing to 意為 “因?yàn)?由于” ， 如： owing to the rain the match wascanceled .因?yàn)橄掠?，比賽取消了?in spite of意為“雖然,不愿，盡管仍“，表示讓步，如 : They went on w

24、orking in the field in spite of the rain 盡管下雨了，他們?nèi)匀焕^續(xù)在田間勞動(dòng)。but for 意為 “若不，除非”，用來(lái)表示“假如某事沒(méi)有發(fā)生，就”的概念，如： But for the storm ,I would have been home before 8 o'clock 要不是這場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雨，我八點(diǎn)以前就已經(jīng)回到家里了。with regard to 意為“關(guān)于”，如： With regard to your request for an additional assistant, I can only say at this stage th

25、at It's being considered 關(guān)于你要求再增加一名助手的們題，現(xiàn)在我只能說(shuō)正在考慮。所以根據(jù)題意應(yīng)選A) 。14. C)用比較連詞than所連接的比較成分要求保持語(yǔ)法成分的一致性，即所比較的 成分應(yīng)該是同類事物或同類概念，例如：No longer are contributions to computer technology confined to any on e country , nowhere is thismore true than in Europe.現(xiàn)在能夠?qū)τ?jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)做出頁(yè)獻(xiàn)的已經(jīng)不再局限于某一個(gè)國(guó)家了，這一點(diǎn)在歐洲比在其他任何地方都明顯。He

26、is more diligent than clever 與其說(shuō)他聰明不如說(shuō)他勤 奮 She was more frightened than hurt 與其說(shuō)她受了傷害不如說(shuō)她受了驚 嚇 She is more a businessman than a doctor 與其說(shuō)她是個(gè)醫(yī)生不如說(shuō)她是位 商人。 需要注意的是，下面兩個(gè)例句中的比較狀語(yǔ)由于分別使用了主格代詞和賓格代詞，因而所表達(dá)的意義是不一樣的：You hate him as much as me.你恨他就像恨我一樣。You hate him as much as I 你很他就像我恨他一樣。”15.D) attributesth. t

27、o意為“把歸功于”，如:He attributedhis success to hardwork 他認(rèn)為他的成功是努力的結(jié)果oblige表示“使感激”，常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如：I'm much obliged to you.我對(duì)你非常感激。 contribute sth. to sb.表示“把捐贈(zèng)給"或“把奉獻(xiàn)給”，contribute to sth.作“對(duì)有貢獻(xiàn)，有助于”講，如： The exchange Of goodwill missions greatly contributes to a bette r understanding between the two cou

28、ntries 互派友好代表團(tuán)大大促進(jìn)了兩國(guó)間的相互了解。devote oneself to 意為“獻(xiàn)身于”， devote 后一般跟反身代詞作賓語(yǔ)，如：Premier Zhou Enlai devotedhimself to the cause of socialist construction of Chinese people 周恩來(lái)總理獻(xiàn)身于中國(guó)人民的社會(huì)主義建設(shè)事業(yè)。通過(guò)以上分析可看出，只有D）為正確答案。16. C） tolerate 意為 “容忍， 忍受， 容許” ， 表示以自我克制的態(tài)度來(lái)對(duì)待令人厭惡、反感的東西，如： I can't tolerate her bad m

29、anners any longer 我再也不能忍受她那無(wú)禮的態(tài)度了。resist 意為“抵抗，反抗，抵制”，表示站在對(duì)立面反對(duì)，強(qiáng)調(diào)積極主動(dòng)地為制止外力或干擾而進(jìn)行的反抗，如：The seawall cannot resist the force of thewaves 防波堤無(wú)法抵擋海浪的力量。 sustain 意為“供養(yǎng)，維持，支持”，如：There isn't enough oxygen to sustain life 沒(méi)有足夠的氧氣來(lái)維持生命。 undergo 意為“經(jīng)歷，遭受”，如：The old worker underwent much suffering before

30、liberation 解放前這位老工人遭受了許多苦難。由此可見(jiàn)，正確答案只能是C） 。17. A） inclined意為“傾向于的，有意向的“，如：I a inclined toagree withyou 我傾向于同意你。inclusive意為“包括的”，如： The monthly rent is 15 yuan， inclusive of light and water. 每月租 金 15 元，包括水電在內(nèi)。inadequate 意為“不充足的，不適合的”，如：The supply is wholly inadequate to meet thedemand.完全供不應(yīng)求。incapabl

31、e 意為“無(wú)能的，不會(huì)的”，如： He is incapable of telling a lie 他不會(huì)扯謊。18. A） prescribe 意為“開藥方”，符合題意，如：The doctor prescribed a new medicine for the pain in my joints 醫(yī)生 為我開了一帖治關(guān)節(jié)病的新藥方。其余三個(gè)動(dòng)詞order （命令） ， advise （建議）和 deliver （遞送）均不合題意。19. D) deliberately 意為“故意地”，如： He did it deliberately么做的。而violently 意為“猛烈地，激烈地”，如

32、：The robbers attacked the innocents violently 搶劫犯猛烈地襲擊無(wú)辜的人。enthusiastically 作“熱心地，熱情地”講，如：He always helps others enthusiastically 他總是熱心助人。sincerely 作“真誠(chéng)地，誠(chéng)懇地”講，如： I am sincerely grateful 我衷心地感激。20. A） remain意為“依然；繼續(xù)存在"，remain to do意為"仍然是 ”，例如： Their object remains to investigate the matter

33、 thoroughly 他們的目的仍然是徹底調(diào)查這一事件。remain to be done 結(jié)構(gòu)意為“某事有待去做”，例如： Many problems remain to be settled .許多問(wèn)題有待解決。由此可見(jiàn)D）錯(cuò)誤。由于 relationship 和show是邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此該不定式應(yīng)該使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所 以B）錯(cuò)誤。由于remain后的不定式是仍然未發(fā)出的動(dòng)作，故不能使用完成體，所以C）錯(cuò)誤。21. C） assume作“假定，設(shè)想”講，符合題意。judge （判斷，裁決），prove （證明）和 conclude （總結(jié)，得出結(jié)論）均不符合題意。22. B） or ot

34、her 常與someone， something ， somehow， somewhere， someday， sometime等連用表示說(shuō)話者對(duì)所說(shuō)的事情不十分肯定，如：I shall be coming again sometime or other 有一天我還會(huì)回來(lái)的。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均沒(méi)有這種習(xí)慣搭配。23. B） for 是并列連詞，連接兩個(gè)并列分句，與because 引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句所不同的是： because 后跟的是“原因（ cause） ”，主句表示的是“結(jié)果（ effect ） ”； for 后的分 句則是另一分句內(nèi)容的一個(gè)可能的結(jié)果（ a possible effect o

35、f the content of theother clause ） ，如：The day breaks for the birds are singing 天亮了，因?yàn)轼B兒已在啁啾了。而therefore ， nevertheless 和 moreover 均是副詞，不能引導(dǎo)句子。24. C) but rather 常與 not 連用，"not but rather "表示"不是 而是“，例如；What they wanted was not money but rather books 他們想要的不是金錢而是書。They did not play soccer but rather basketball 他們沒(méi)有踢足球而是打籃球。rather than