初中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解解題技巧及經(jīng)典練習(xí)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上初中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解解題技巧及經(jīng)典練習(xí)英語(yǔ)閱讀理解一直都是中考的重點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)對(duì)象。原因它在中考中的分?jǐn)?shù)占總分的比重最大。為此，我總結(jié)了一些初中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解的解題技巧和一些經(jīng)典的練習(xí)題。 初中英語(yǔ)理解要提高有兩個(gè)方面，1. 考前閱讀準(zhǔn)備。2. 臨場(chǎng)解題技巧。1. 考前閱讀準(zhǔn)備一、要注意養(yǎng)成良好的閱讀心理，閱讀時(shí)要去掉雜念，心緒要安定，精神要專一，要形成一種愜意的順向心理。切不可一遇到幾個(gè)生詞難句，就心煩意亂，失去自控能力。心理學(xué)家告訴我們，任何恐慌，過(guò)分緊張的情緒都會(huì)形成一種消極因素妨礙大腦的正常思維功能。因此，遇到困難一定要從容不迫，心無(wú)旁騖。這樣才能對(duì)所讀的文章印象清晰，理

2、解深刻。二、要提高視讀的速度，考閱讀理解，從另一個(gè)方面來(lái)說(shuō)，考的是考試速度。因此做閱讀理解時(shí)，要注意培養(yǎng)自己快速閱讀的習(xí)慣。切不可在個(gè)別難懂的詞句上磨蹭，只要全篇理解了，個(gè)別難懂的詞句可以根據(jù)上下文和構(gòu)詞法去猜測(cè)，去推斷。2. 臨場(chǎng)解題技巧1. 審視標(biāo)題，抓住中心試題中有的文章有標(biāo)題，有的沒(méi)有，擬題人是有所考慮的。標(biāo)題是文章主題的高度凝聚。它能給我們啟發(fā)和想象，想象文章的內(nèi)容和走向。這樣做有利于對(duì)文章的理解，能提高做題的效率。2. 瀏覽全文，掌握全貌如果時(shí)間緊，至少要快速通讀全文，尤其是首兩段。再把標(biāo)題和文章內(nèi)容結(jié)合起來(lái)，這樣全文的梗概便一目了然了。3. 細(xì)讀題目，抓住要點(diǎn)對(duì)整篇短文內(nèi)容有了一

3、定的了解后，要馬上看短文后的問(wèn)題，帶著問(wèn)題去選擇或判斷答案。要確定所需查找的信息范圍，并注意所查找信息的特點(diǎn)。例如：如果問(wèn)題或選項(xiàng)涉及到人名、地名，就應(yīng)該找首字母大寫的單詞；如果問(wèn)題或選項(xiàng)涉及時(shí)間、日期、數(shù)字，就應(yīng)該尋找具體的數(shù)據(jù)。另外還要注意試題難易，應(yīng)暫時(shí)繞開那些少數(shù)較難的題目，先做最有把握、最熟悉的題目，也就是該類題可以直接或間接從文章中找到的。而對(duì)于那些要通過(guò)對(duì)文章歸納判斷、邏輯推理的題目，需要再對(duì)全文快速閱讀，仔細(xì)分析思考，反復(fù)比較、推敲選出正確答案。若文章短可先讀短文，后看文后題目；如果文章太長(zhǎng)，你可以先把文章后面的問(wèn)題看一遍，帶著問(wèn)題去看文章。這樣可以幫助你去掉雜念，提高閱讀速度

4、和解題的正確性。要善于找關(guān)鍵句，特別要注意文章的第一段和最后一段的頭一句話，往往就是關(guān)鍵句，可以幫助你掌握文章的全貌，理解文章的主題。此外，還應(yīng)該細(xì)讀文章，因?yàn)橛袝r(shí)的試題是考細(xì)節(jié)?？梢赃呑x邊用鉛筆做點(diǎn)標(biāo)記，把有關(guān)的畫出來(lái)。凡逢人物就圈起來(lái)，看完一數(shù)，有幾個(gè)圈就是幾個(gè)人，一目了然。4. 細(xì)讀文章，掌握細(xì)節(jié)這次應(yīng)細(xì)品，不可一晃而過(guò)?？蛇呑x邊用鉛筆做些記錄，把有關(guān)的人物、事件、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、起因（即五個(gè)W ：who ， what， when， where， why）劃出來(lái)。經(jīng)過(guò)這樣的處理，你對(duì)文章的內(nèi)容和細(xì)節(jié)便會(huì)胸有成竹，對(duì)事態(tài)的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和解決有了更加深入的了解。5. 理解大意，初選答案一般短文都設(shè)

5、有五個(gè)題目，對(duì)那些表層理解的題目可以斷然選定。對(duì)那些深層理解的題目，應(yīng)再查閱原文，但決不是簡(jiǎn)單重讀，應(yīng)找出依據(jù)，把所答案代入文中，再確定正誤。在確定答案時(shí)，對(duì)文章和題中的詞語(yǔ)應(yīng)結(jié)合上下文思考其確切意思，切忌望文生義，作出錯(cuò)誤的判斷。6. 復(fù)讀全文，核對(duì)答案要用全文的主題思想統(tǒng)率各思考題，研究其內(nèi)在的聯(lián)系和邏輯關(guān)系，并依次審核那些未獲解答的題，對(duì)照題目，推測(cè)判斷，確保理解無(wú)誤。7. 瞻前顧后，首尾突破對(duì)一具體問(wèn)題不要局限于一詞一事，而應(yīng)從短文整體考慮，從主線向外擴(kuò)展，打開思路，前后上下對(duì)照。這樣，可減少“鉆牛角尖”和“繁瑣分析”。而且，在中考試題中，即使是事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)題，也是“圍繞或用以說(shuō)明主旨和

6、大意”的。大多數(shù)短文，尤其是新聞報(bào)道或議論文的第一段，或每段的第一句，常包含了全文的主要信息或基本觀點(diǎn)；而結(jié)尾部分常是結(jié)局或結(jié)論。寓言或幽默文字的結(jié)尾也往往是點(diǎn)晴之筆或值得玩味之處。因此，抓住首尾往往抓住了主要矛盾，主要矛盾解決了，次要矛盾也就迎刃而解了。例題A man was travelling abroad in a small red car.One day he left thecar and went shopping.When he came back, its roof was badly damaged.Some boys told him that an elephant

7、had damaged it. The man did not believe them,but they took him to a circus which was near there. Theowner of the elephant said,I am very sorry!My elephant has a big, round,red chair.He thought that your car was his chair, and he sat on it!Then he gave the man a letter, in which he said that he was s

8、orry andthat he would pay for all the damage.When the man got back to his own country,the customs officers wouldnot believe his story.They said,Y ou sold your new car while you wereabroad and bought this old one!It was only when the man showed them the letter from the circus man that believed him. M

9、ultiple choice( 1.A man was travelling abroad_.A.in a big bus B.in a green jeep C.in a red car D.in a red taxi( 2.The car was damaged because_.A.there was a traffic accident B.the circus man broke itC. it rushed into a shop D.the elephant sat on it( 3.The circus man said that_.A.he would pay for par

10、t of the damage B.he would pay for all of thedamage C.he wouldnt pay for the damage D.he would buy a new car( 4. When the man got back to his country,the customs officers_.A. would check his new car B.only checked his carC. searched him D. wouldnt believe what he had said,( 5.It was only_that made t

11、he officers believe him.A.the letter from the circus man B. a newspaper from the countryC.the certificate of his D.the letter from the governmentSandwich was an Englishman. He lived in the 18th century(世紀(jì). Sandwich was rich(有錢的, but he liked to play cards (紙牌 for money. He often played for 24 hours,

12、 and didnt even stop to have his meals. He ordered(命令 his servants (仆人 to bring him some meat and bread. He put the meat between (在兩者之間 the two pieces of bread and held the food in his left hand while he played cards with his right hand. People liked Sandwichs idea, and from then on they ate bread a

13、nd meat as Sandwich did.From the name of the man, Sandwich, we have the word of the food sandwich today.( 1. Sandwich was the .A. name of a servantB. name of a man with a lot of moneyC. poor man who lived on playing cardsD. name of food which was liked by the rich( 2. Sandwich .A. was so interested

14、(興趣 in playing cards that he oftenhad no time to have his mealsB. often brought some bread with him to play cardsC. never ate anything when he played cardsD. had no money to play cards with at last( 3. People liked Sandwichs idea because .A. bread, together with meat was cheapB. he always won when he played cardsC. they liked Sandwich himselfD. when they ate with one of their hands they could dosomething with the other( 4. Today, sandwich is .A. also a name of a rich manB. two pieces of bread with meat in betweenC. not inter