人教版七年級下語法知識點及習題題集

1、 人教版 七年級下各單元語法點掌握Units 1-2的語法內容。1. 情態(tài)動詞can的用法【考題鏈接】1. _ he swim?Yes, he can.A. Does B. Do C. Can D. Is2. 用can或cant 填空1. I can play soccer, but I _ play basketball.2. Can you play chess?Yes, I _.3. Im sorry I _ speak English.4. _ you bring some strawberries to me?5. _ your father swim?No, he _.2. 冠詞(

2、1) 不定冠詞：有a，an兩種形式，一般用在單數可數名詞之前，主要用來表示某一類人或事物中不肯定的“某一個或任何一個”的意思。a用在以輔音音素開頭的名詞前，如：a bag，a university。an用在以元音音素開頭的名詞前，如：an orange，an hour。(2) 定冠詞：定冠詞只有the一種形式，表示某個或某些特定的人或事物，可用在可數名詞前，也可用在不可數名詞前。the在輔音音素開頭的單詞前，讀作；而在元音音素開頭的單詞前，讀作。 【考題鏈接】1. _ boy under the tree is _ good student.A. The; a B. A; the C. A;

3、a D. The; the2. He has _ cat. _ cat is very cute.A. a; A B. the; The C. a; The D. the; A3. I hope we can fly to _ moon one day. A. a B. an C. the D. /4. _ Wangs moved to a new house last week.A. A B. The C. / D. An5. _ young should take care of _ old.A. A; an B. The; an C. The; the D. A; the6. Whats

4、 in your bag?_ English book is in it. A. A B. An C. The D. /7. Which one is your daughter, Mr. White?Oh, that little girl in _ orange jacket.A. a B. an C. / D. some8. _ elephant is _ useful animal.A. A; an B. An; a C. An; an D. A; a9. I have _ egg and _hamburger for breakfast.A. an; the B. the; a C.

5、 the; the D. an; a10. He wants to have _ second try.A. a B. an C. the D. /11. _ Browns were having dinner when the telephone rang.A. A B. An C. The D. /12. Its reported that a terrible rainstorm hit _ south of our country.A. a B. the C. / D. an13. Of _ two, she is _ cleverer.A. a; the B. the; the C.

6、 / ; the D. the; /14. _ older he is, _ happier he feels.A. The; a B. An; the C. An; a D. The; the15. He was born in _ summer of 1970.3. 不用冠詞的情況1. What is in your _ other hand? A. a B. an C. the D. /2. When do you have P.E.? On _ Tuesday and Friday.A. the B. a C. an D. 3. He cant play _ football, but

7、 he can play _ piano.A. the; theB. a; aC. /; theD. the; /4. I like _ science best of all the subjects.A. a B. an C. the D. /5. Do you go to school by _ bike?A. the B. / C. a D. an6. He is ill in _ hospital. His father is in _ hospital to look after him.A. a; a B. an; an C. the; / D. /; the4. 時間的表達法(

8、1) 整點的表達法: 當時間是整點時，可以用鐘點數或在鐘點數后加oclock來表達。8:00 表示為：eight/ eight oclock(2) 不整點的表達法： 鐘點數+分鐘數表達法 8:25 表示為：eight twenty-five 分鐘數+ to/ past+ 鐘點數表達法A. 30分鐘(包括30分鐘)以內，用“分鐘數+past +鐘點數”表達。7:15表示為：fifteen past seven5: 28表示為：twenty-eight past fiveB. 30分鐘以上，用“（60分鐘數）+ to +下一個鐘點數”表達。7:55表達為：five to eight【考題鏈接】寫出

9、下列時間的表達1. 7:30 _ 或_2. 11:45 _ 或_3. 9:10 _ 或_掌握Units 3-4的語法內容一、how引導的特殊疑問句【用法1】how引導的特殊疑問句，可用來詢問做某事的方式或方法，也可用來詢問某人或某物的狀況。 how old 多大，提問年齡。 how many 多少，提問可數名詞的量。 how much 多少，提問不可數名詞的量。 多少錢；提問價格。 how long 多長時間，提問一段時間。 多長，提問物體的長度。 how far 多遠，提問距離?！究碱}鏈接】1. _ is it to the train station? About six kilomete

10、rs.A. How long B. How far C. How much D. How often2. _ do you live here?For about five months.A. How much B. How often C. How long D. How far3. _ are the socks?Theyre 10 yuan.A. How old B. How much C. How soon D. How many對畫線部分提問 2. It takes me 15 minutes to walk to school._ _ _ it _ you to walk to s

11、chool? 3. Its three miles from my home to school._ _ is it from your home to school?4. I go to school by car._ _ you go to school?5. I sleep nine hours every night._ _ _ do you sleep every night?6. His son is 11 years old._ _ is his son?7. The boy will finish his homework in 2 hours. _ _ will the bo

12、y finish his homework?8. I want two glasses of milk._ _ milk do you want?9. I think the book is interesting. _ do you _ the book?10. My skirt is 20 dollars. _ _ is your skirt?二、祈使句的用法1. 定義用來表示請求、命令、建議、號召、警告等的句子。說話的對象大多為第二人稱you，且常被省略。句末用感嘆號或句號，讀時用降調。為了表示客氣，常用please一詞。放在句首時，其后不加逗號；放在句末時，其前通常加逗號。2. 構成祈

13、使句分為肯定祈使句和否定祈使句。(1) 肯定祈使句的構成： Do型，即以行為動詞原形開頭。 Be型，即以動詞be開頭。Be quiet please! 請安靜！ Let型，即以let開頭。Lets play basketball. 讓咱們去打籃球吧(2) 否定祈使句的構成： Do型和Be型的否定式，在動詞前加dont或never。Dont come in. 不要進來。Never be angry. 絕不生氣。 Let型的有兩種否定形式：在let前加dont 或在let sb. 后加not。Dont let them cry. = Let them not cry. 不要讓他們哭。Let me

14、not go there. = Dont let me go there. 不要讓我去那兒。No +v.-ing形式/名詞，用于警示人們不要做某事。3. 答語祈使句的動作通常是將來發(fā)生的動作，所以回答祈使句時，一般用will或wont。【注意】在回答具有否定意義的祈使句時，要注意形式一致和意義相反。即：yes與will；no與wont要一致；yes意為“不”；no意為“是”?！纠洹緿ont go out. Its raining hard. 不要出去了。天正下著大雨。Yes, I will. Lily is waiting for me. 不，我要去。莉莉在等我呢4. 注意祈使句和陳述句的連

15、用祈使句與陳述句連用，有兩種形式：(1)祈使句+ and/ then + 陳述句，二者之間表示一種順承關系?！纠洹縎tudy hard, and you can get good grades. 努力學習，你就會取得好成績。(2)祈使句+ or +陳述句，二者之間表示一種否定條件【考題鏈接】1. Please _ the blackboard.A. look B. look at C. to look D. to look at2. Let Lily _ piano.A. play B. to play C. to play the D. play the1. _ late for scho

16、ol.A. Not be B. Not is C. Dont be D. Dont is2. _ smoking!A. Not B. Dont C. No D. DoesntPeter, dont step on the grass. _. A. It doesnt matter B. I cant do it C. Dont worry D. Sorry, I wont do it againHurry up, _ you will miss the early bus.A. or B. and C. so D. but句型轉換1. You must come here early tomo

17、rrow. (改為祈使句)_ here early tomorrow!2. Look at the picture! (改為否定句)_ _ at the picture!3. Let her help you. (改為否定句)_ _her help you.4. You cant be late next time. (改為祈使句)_ _ late next time.5. You can drink and eat in the dining hall. (改為否定祈使句)_ drink _ eat in the dining hall.三、情態(tài)動詞have to, must1. have

18、to意為“不得不”，強調客觀需要，能用于多種時態(tài)。本身有第三人稱單數形式has to?！究键c1】一般現在時態(tài)中，have to 的否定句要借助助動詞dont / doesnt，再加have to?！纠洹縔ou dont have to come here so early. 你不必那么早來這兒?！究键c2】一般現在時態(tài)中，have to的一般疑問句要借助于助動詞do/ does放在開頭，后接have to【考點3】一般現在時態(tài)中，特殊疑問句是：特殊疑問詞+ do/ does+主語+have to +其他？2. must意為“必須；應當”，表示義務、命令或必要。強調主觀看法，沒有時態(tài)變化。否定式

19、mustnt表示“禁止，嚴禁”?！究键c4】以must開頭的一般疑問句，簡略肯定回答用must，簡略否定回答用neednt或dont have to。neednt 相當于dont have to，意為“不必”。【例句】Must I do the dishes today? 我今天必須洗餐具嗎？Yes, you must. / No, you neednt/ dont have to. 是的，必須。/ 不，你不必。【考題鏈接】Its too late. We _ go home.A. can B. have to C. may D. must1. May I go to the cinema, M

20、om?Certainly. But you _ be back by 11 oclock.A. can B. may C. must D. need2. Dad, must I finish my homework today?No, you _. You may do it tomorrow.A. neednt B. mustnt C. dont D. wont句型轉換1. He has to eat in the dining hall. (改為否定句)He _ _ to eat in the dining hall.2. We must be on time. (改為一般疑問句)_ we

21、 _ on time?3. Bill has to listen to the music outside. (改為一般疑問句)_ Bill _ to listen to the music outside?4. Must they follow the rules? (作否定回答)_, they _.5. The students have to read books in the morning. (對畫線部分提問)_ _ the students _ to read books?掌握Units 5-6的語法內容。1. why引導的特殊疑問句疑問詞why意為“為什么”，用來詢問原因。why

22、引導的特殊疑問句的結構為：疑問詞Why +一般疑問句？why引導的特殊疑問句，常用because引導的句子回答。【例句】Why do you like elephants? 你為什么喜歡大象？Because theyre very interesting. 因為它們很有趣。【注意】because和so不能用在同一個句子中，二者只能取其一。【考題鏈接】1. _ does she go to see the koalas?Because theyre smart and friendly.A. What B. Where C. How D. Why2. _ lions are very scary

23、, _ I dont like them.A. Because; so B. So; because C. Because; / D. /; because【即學即練】句型轉換1. Julie likes koalas because theyre interesting. (對畫線部分提問)_ _ Julie _ koalas?2. Pandas are from China. (同義句轉換)Pandas _ _ China.3. Why do you like cats? (用cute來回答)_.4. to, why, you, want, do, see, the, bears (連詞成

24、句)_5. like, I, because, they, are, very, lovely, pandas (連詞成句)_2. 形容詞在句中的位置和充當的成分【考點1】形容詞在句中的位置（1）形容詞在句中一般用來修飾名詞，常放在名詞之前。（2）形容詞也可作系動詞的表語，即放在系動詞之后。（3）當形容詞作定語修飾不定代詞something, anything, nothing等時，要放在被修飾詞的后面?！究键c2】形容詞充當的成分（1）作定語，修飾/限定名詞/代詞（2）作表語形容詞作表語，與be動詞或其他連系動詞連用，說明主語的情況。（3）作賓語補足語形容詞作賓語補足語，用來補充說明賓語。【考

25、題鏈接】1. I have _ to tell you. A. nothing good B. good nothing C. good thing D. thing good2. Grace is a _girl. She doesnt like meeting new friends.A. smart B. shy C. strict D. cute【即學即練】把下列短語翻譯成英語1. 一只小貓 _ 2. 三只害羞的大熊貓 _3. 五頭友好的大象 _ 4. 兩頭懶惰的獅子 _5. 四只恐怖的老虎 _ 6. 七只美麗的長頸鹿 _7. 十只可愛的樹袋熊 _ 8. 八只聰明的動物 _9. 新的事

26、情 _10. 困難的事情 _3. 現在進行時態(tài)【考點1】基本用法：（1）表示現在（說話瞬間）正在進行或發(fā)生的動作。（2）表示當前一段時間的活動或現階段正在進行的動作?！究键c2】句式(1) 否定句：be后加not；(2) 一般疑問句：be在主語前，且首字母大寫，句末加問號。一般疑問句的簡略肯定回答：Yes, 主語+ be。簡略否定回答：No, 主語+be not?！究键c3】現在分詞的構成：（1）一般情況下，直接在動詞末尾加-ing，如：play playing（2）以不發(fā)音的e結尾的動詞，先去e再加-ing，如：come coming（3）以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾的動詞，且末尾只有一個輔音字母，先雙寫末

27、尾的輔音字母，再加-ing，如：swim swimming（4）以ie結尾的動詞，將ie變?yōu)閥，再加-ing，如：lie lying【考點4】常用的標志詞：（1）句中有now時，常表示動作正在進行。（2）當句首有提示性動詞look, listen 等時，說明動作正在進行。（3）根據語境或上下文來判斷。 【考點5】現在進行時和一般現在時的區(qū)別：概念不同感情色彩不同謂語動詞形式不同現在進行時表示此時此刻或現階段正在進行的動作。表示的動作可帶有感情色彩。助動詞be +v-ing形式。一般現在時表示經常性或習慣性的動作或狀態(tài)。所表示的動作通常是事實。系動詞和實義動詞【考題鏈接】1. The child

28、ren _ kites in the park now.A. making B. makes C. is making D. are making。2. Is your sister watching TV now? _.A. Yes, she is B. Yes, she does C. No, she is D. Shes watching TV3. Look! The old man _ under the big tree.A. talks B. talk C. are talking D. is talking4. _? Hes swimming at the pool.A. Wha

29、t does Tom do B. Is Tom swimmingC. What is Tom doing D. Where does Tom now5. Whats Lucy doing? She _ on the bed.A. lies B. lie C. is lying D. is lieing6. He often _on Sundays. Look! He _ at the pool. A. swim; swim B. is swimming; is swimmingC. swims; is swimming D. swims; swims【即學即練】. 寫出下列動詞的-ing形式1

30、. read _ 2. swim _ 3. have _ 4. write _ 5. play _ 6. lie _7. shop _ 8. get _ 9. see _ 10. run _. 用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空1. Listen! Who _(sing) in the classroom?2. Do you want _(buy) a dictionary?3. Look! They _(take) photos.4. He often _(write) to his mother on the weekend.5. Please be quiet. My sister _(sle

31、ep).6. The boy _(not study) English now.7. _ the students _(read) English?Yes, they are.8. What are you doing?I _(drink) tea.掌握7-8單元語法1. How 引導的特殊疑問句詢問天氣【考點1】Hows the weather? = Whats the weather like? 的天氣如何？【例句】Hows the weather in Nanjing? 南京的天氣怎樣？Whats the weather like in Moscow? 莫斯科的天氣怎樣？【考點2】描述天

32、氣：Its + 描述天氣的adj. / v.-ing?！究碱}鏈接】1. _ is the weather there? Its cloudy and windy.A. How B. When C. What D. Where2. Whats the weather like here?_.A. It likes rain B. It looks like rainC. Its snowy D. Its a ball【即學即練】句型轉換1. Whats the weather like here in winter? （改為同義句）_ _ the weather here in winter?2

33、. Its sunny in London today. （改為否定句）It _ _ in London today.3. Its snowing there. （對劃線部分提問）_ the weather _ there?4. Hows the weather in Taiyuan? (補全答語)_ windy.5. Theres lots of rain in Shandong in summer. （改為同義句）It _ heavily in Shandong in summer.2. 現在進行時態(tài)的特殊用法現在進行時除了其基本用法外，還有一些特殊用法：（1）現在進行時可表示將來的動作。

34、某些表示位置轉移的動詞，如go, come, leave, start, arrive, fly 等可用現在進行時表示將來。（2）現在進行時可表示經常性、習慣性發(fā)生的動作?，F在進行時與always, often, never等副詞連用，可表示贊揚、厭煩等感情色彩。（3）一些詞不用于現在進行時中。表示感覺或某種狀態(tài)的動詞，如love, like, hate, see, hear, know, want, need, sound等，通常不用于現在進行時態(tài)中。 【考題鏈接】_ you _ for Shanghai next week?A. Do; leave B. Are; leaving C. A

35、m; leave D. Are; leave【即學即練】用括號中所給動詞的正確形式填空1. My sister _(come) to see me tomorrow.2. He _ ( visit ) his grandparents this weekend.3. Listen! Someone_(sing) in the next room. 4. Xiao Ming _ always _(help) other students.5. His parents _(fly) to New York tomorrow morning.3. There be 句型【考點1】There be句型

36、的構成：There areis某物人地點/（時間狀語）。它既可以表示某地方/（某時）有什么東西，也可以表達某地方/（某時）有什么人?！究键c2】謂語動詞be單復數的確定：在there be句型中， there是引導詞，本身沒有詞意，be是謂語動詞，be后面的名詞是主語。be的單復數取決于其后的主語，單數主語用is，復數主語全用are；如有并列主語時，be隨第一主語變，即“就近原則”?！究键c3】There be 句型的句式：（1）否定句：be后加not。注意肯定句中的some變?yōu)閍ny。（2）一般疑問句：將be提到there前，some變?yōu)閍ny。簡略肯定回答：Yes, there is/ are

37、.簡略否定回答：No, there isnt/ arent. （3）特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句？ 提問可數名詞的量，用how many。 提問不可數名詞的量，用how much。 提問主語用what/ who，謂語動詞用單數is?！究键c4】There be句型與have的區(qū)別（1）用法不同：there be 表示某個時間或地方“存在”某人或某物，強調空間上的存在；而have表示主語“擁有”某人或某物，作賓語的某人或某物屬主語所有，強調所屬關系。（2）結構不同：There be + sb./sth. +時間/地點(副詞或介詞短語)； Sb./Sth. + have/has +sb./st

38、h. 。（3）若是部分與整體的關系，二者可以互換?！究碱}鏈接】1. There _ a book and two rulers in the pencil-box.A. is B. are C. be D. have2. There _ many birds in the tree. A. is B. are C. be D. have3. _ an Art Festival in your school this term?No, but there is an English party.A. Are there B. Is there C. Do we have D. Does he h

39、ave【即學即練】句型轉換1. Two baseballs are in the schoolbag. (改為同義句)_ _ two baseballs in the schoolbag.2. There is a pay phone near the bank. (改為一般疑問句)_ _ a pay phone near the bank?3. Is there a post office on Fifth Avenue? (作肯定回答)_, _ _.4. Are there any sports clubs in your school? (作否定回答)_, _ _.5. The Bank

40、 of China is near here. (對畫線部分提問)_ _ the Bank of China?6. There are some children on the playground. (改為否定句)There _ _children on the playground.7. There is a picture on the wall. (對畫線部分提問)_ _ _ are there on the wall?8. There is some water in the bowl. (對畫線部分提問)_ _ water is there in the bowl?9. There

41、 is a table in the room. (對畫線部分提問) _ _ in the room?10. A week has seven days. (改為同義句)_ _ seven days in a week.4. 如何問路指路【考點1】問路的交際用語：（1）Excuse me. Wheres ? 打擾一下。在哪里？（2）Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to ? 打擾一下。你能告訴我去的路嗎？（3）Excuse me. How can I get to ? 打擾一下。我怎么才能到達？（4）Is therenear here? 這附近有嗎？【考點2

42、】指路的交際用語：(1) Go/ Walk along this street, and turn left/ right. 沿著這條路走，然后向左/右拐。(2) Its next to/ in front of/ across from/ near/ behind .它在旁邊/前面/對面/附近/后面。(3) Its between and . 它在和之間。(4) Youd better take . 你最好乘。【考題鏈接】1. _. Is there a hotel near here?Look! Its just over there.A. Im sorry B. Thanks a lot

43、 C. I dont know D. Excuse me2. Wheres the post office?Walk _ this street and then turn _.You can find it.A. along; to left B. down; to rightC. along; the left D. down; right【即學即練】補全對話：從方框中選出適當的句子補全對話，有兩項多余A. turn rightB. Go across the roadC. Over thereD. Youre welcomeE. where is the post officeF. Th

44、anks very muchG. I dont knowA: Excuse me. Could you tell me how often No. 6 bus comes?B: 1 Im afraid. But there is another one in half an hour.A: Thank you. By the way, 2 ?B: Go down this street and 3 . The post office is on your right.A: 4 . And where is Fox Street?B: 5 ! Cant you see the sign over

45、 there?A: Oh, yeah! Thanks a lot.掌握9-10單元語法1. what引導的特殊疑問句詢問某人的外貌【考點1】詢問某人外貌的句型：(1) What+ do/ does +某人(主語) +look like? 側重于詢問人的長相或總體特征。(2) What + is + 某人(主語) +like? 側重于詢問某人的性格、氣質、個性等內在的東西。【考點2】描述人物的外貌的句型：(1) 主語+be+形容詞/介詞短語.(2) 主語+have/ has +a/an+形容詞+名詞.【例句】What do they look like? 他們長什么樣？They are of m

46、edium height. 他們中等身高。What is Miss Brown like? 布朗小姐是個什么樣的人？Shes quite nice. 她相當和善。【考題鏈接】What does Alice look like?_.A. She is fine B. She is looking at a photo C. She likes action movies D. She has brown hair【即學即練】根據漢語意思完成下列句子1. 你的朋友長什么樣？他中等體型，留著短發(fā)。What does your friend _ _?He is _ _ _ and _ short ha

47、ir.2. 你們的英語老師長什么樣？她個子不高，大眼睛。What _ your English teacher _ like?She is _ and _ big eyes.2. 多個形容詞修飾同一個名詞時的順序【考點】多個形容詞修飾同一個名詞時的順序為：縣(限)官(觀)行(形)令(齡)演(顏)國才(材)。(1)限定詞，指冠詞、指示代詞、形容詞性物主代詞、（先）序數詞、（后）基數詞等?！纠洹縋lease look at the first two words. 請看一下開始的兩個單詞。(2)外觀詞，指描繪性形容詞（多表主觀看法）。 (3)形狀詞，指大小、長短、高低、方圓等，且表尺寸大小的要放

48、在表形狀的之前?！纠洹縃e is a brave young man. 他是一個勇敢的年輕人。Can you see that small round table? 你看到那張小圓桌了嗎？(4)年齡詞，指新、舊等。(5)顏色詞。 【例句】The dirty old brown skirt is not mine. 那條又臟又舊的棕色裙子不是我的。(6)國籍詞?！纠洹縄 have a beautiful new black Chinese car. 我有一輛漂亮的、新的、黑色的中國產小汽車。(7)材料詞，指木頭、皮革、羊毛等?！纠洹縏here is a small yellow woode

49、n desk in the room. 房間里有一張黃色小木頭課桌。【考題鏈接】The boy has _hairs.A. three long curly B. three curly long C. long curly three D. curly long three【即學即練】單項選擇1. Mike is tall and has _ hair.A. straight long blonde B. blonde long straightC. long straight blonde D. straight blonde long2. This _girl is my cousin.A. beautif