Unit2重點(diǎn)句型

1、1.Beijing is the capital of China. the capital of:.的首都。2.Here we will eat lots of delicious food such as kebab. such as:例如. 類(lèi)似：for example 區(qū)別：for example一般只舉同類(lèi)人或物中的“一個(gè)”為例,作插入語(yǔ),用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi),可置于句首、句中、句末；such as常列舉同類(lèi)人或物中的幾個(gè)例子,不能窮盡,可和and so on連用,可分開(kāi)使用suchas；like表示列舉,可和such as互換.例如：1Noise,for example,is a kind

2、of pollution舉例說(shuō)明,噪音就是一種污染.2China has many big cities,such as Beijing,Shanghai,Shenzhen and so onChina has many such big cities as Beijing,Shanghai,Shenzhen and so on中國(guó)有許多大城市,比如北京、上海、深圳等等.3.This is the place to go if you want to visit some shops. this is a place to go:這是一個(gè)可以去的地方。 4.Shenzhen lies by t

3、he sea and it is famous for its beautiful beach. lie:vi. 躺；說(shuō)謊；位于；展現(xiàn) vt. 謊騙 n. 謊言；位置 by the sea:在海邊 be famous for:因.而聞名 類(lèi)似：be famous as，be famous to 區(qū)別1.be famous for因而著名 Beijing is famous for many places of interest.北京以許多名勝古跡而著稱(chēng)。 2.be famous as 作為是出名的 He is famous as a writer.作為一個(gè)作家他是有名氣的。 3.be famo

4、us to 后一般跟 人，表“對(duì).是熟悉的”，“為.所熟知的 Yao Ming is famous to most young people.5.You can try playing it on the classroom. try doing something.:盡力去做，嘗試去做某事。 類(lèi)似：try to do sth. 區(qū)別：Try doing sth. 嘗試做某事(只試試看.) Try to do sth 努力做某事(下了點(diǎn)決心要把做好了) You must try to be more careful. 要多加小心 。 I tried gardening but didnt su

5、cceed. 我試著種木花卉未成功。6.Why not go to watch film together? why not do sth.:為什么不呢？1.表示同意或贊成，意為:好的;可以呀;為什么不可以呢。如:A:May I go with you? 我可以和你一起去嗎?B:Why not? 可以呀。2.表示勸誘、建議或命令，意為:怎么樣;為什么不呢。如:Why not ask someone else? 問(wèn)問(wèn)別人怎么樣?Why not go there at once? 為什么不馬上去呢?3. 用來(lái)詢問(wèn)原因(有時(shí)表示一種不可理解的心情)，意為:為什么;為什么不呢。如:A:He isnt

6、going to see her off at the station. 他不準(zhǔn)備去車(chē)站送她。B:Why not? 為什么?4.表示堅(jiān)持自己的觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度或做法，意為:為什么不呢。如:A:Are you really going to sue them? 你真的要控告他們嗎?B:Yes, why not? 是的，為什么不呢?二、why not后動(dòng)詞用何形式why not后習(xí)慣上只接動(dòng)詞原形，不能接帶to不定式或現(xiàn)在分詞。如:何不靜觀其結(jié)果呢?誤:Why not just to wait and see what happens?正:Why not just wait and see what h

7、appens?注:在一定的語(yǔ)境中，有時(shí)why not后可省略動(dòng)詞原形。如:A:Lets meet at the station. 我們?cè)谲?chē)站見(jiàn)面吧。B:Why not at the hotel? 在飯店不行嗎?句中的why not后可視為省略了動(dòng)詞wait。三、why not的結(jié)構(gòu)形式why not后習(xí)慣上只接動(dòng)詞原形，不能接句子，也不能用“why didnt+動(dòng)詞原形”“why dont+動(dòng)詞原形”這樣的不倫不類(lèi)的句子。如:為什么不等到冬季大賤賣(mài)時(shí)再買(mǎi)一件新外衣呢?誤:Why dont wait till the winter sales to buy a new coat?正:Why no

8、t wait till the winter sales to buy a new coat?四、why not的隱含時(shí)態(tài)按英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣，why not結(jié)構(gòu)只用于提出建議，不用于表示責(zé)備，即只用于指將來(lái)的情況，而不用于指過(guò)去情況。如:我那時(shí)是能借錢(qián)給你的。你為什么沒(méi)有向我借?誤:I could have lent you the money. Why not ask me?正:I could have lent you the money. Why didnt you ask me?五、用于某些特殊表達(dá)中如用于I dont see why not，其意為“沒(méi)問(wèn)題”“好呀”。如:-Can we go

9、 to the park? 我們?nèi)ス珗@吧。-I dont see why not.7.Tom is one of the tallest boys in our class. one of:其中一個(gè) one of 后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)， 表示什么中的一個(gè)，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)。 One of the apples has gone bad.但是要注意下面的定語(yǔ)從句:He is one of the boys who enjoy playing basketball.定語(yǔ)從句修飾the boys。He is the only one of the boys who enjoys playing bas

10、ketball.one前面有定冠詞the的時(shí)候，定語(yǔ)從句是修飾one的，所以動(dòng)詞要用單三形式。8.She is not only beautiful,but also gentle. not only .but also.:不僅.而且. 一、主要用法 1連接主語(yǔ) Not only I but also Tom and Mary are fond of watching television. 不僅我而且湯姆和瑪麗都喜歡看電視。 2連接謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also shar

11、e a large number of social customs.英國(guó)人和美國(guó)人不但語(yǔ)言相同而且有很多相同的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。 注意not onlybut also連接的動(dòng)詞一般不重復(fù)這與漢語(yǔ)不同。如漢語(yǔ)說(shuō)“我不僅懂英語(yǔ)而且懂俄語(yǔ)”英語(yǔ)則說(shuō)“I know not only English but also Russian”而不說(shuō)“I not only know English but also know Russian”.再如“氣體不僅改變形狀而且改變體積”英譯為“A gas changes not only in shape but also in volume.”注意介詞常重復(fù) 3連接賓語(yǔ) T

12、he problem for the recipient was trying to guess not only who the sender was, but also what his secret feelings might be.收信人不僅要盡力猜出是誰(shuí)的還要推測(cè)寄信人內(nèi)心有什么想法。 4連接賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active.淺色和鮮艷的顏色不但使人看了高興也會(huì)使人更加活潑。 5連接表語(yǔ) Shakespeare was not only a writer but (a

13、lso) an actor 莎士比亞不僅是一位劇作家而且是一位演員。 6連接狀語(yǔ) If your friend reminds you kindly of your faults, take what he says not merely pleasantly but thank fully. 如果低你的朋友善意地指明出你的缺點(diǎn),你不但要欣然接受而且要心懷感激之情。 7.連接從句 He didnt let us off the hook until we had proved not only that we knew what an organism was but also that we

14、 had the fortitude to stand up for the truth. 直到我們證明了我們不僅知道什么是生物體而且具有堅(jiān)持真理的不屈不撓精神時(shí)他這才放過(guò)我們。 8連接定語(yǔ) Man has become master not only of the sky but also of the space. 人類(lèi)不但征服了天空而且征服了太空。 9連接句子 I not only heard it, but (also) I saw it. 我不僅聽(tīng)到、而且看到了它. Not onlybut also連接句子時(shí), not only 可以置于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào),這時(shí)第一分句要采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。例如

15、 Not only has he a first-class brain but also he is a tremendously hard worker. 他不僅有著頭等聰明的腦子而且工作很能吃苦。 Not only had the poor man been arrested but he had been sent to prison as well. 這個(gè)可憐的人不僅被逮捕而且被投進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。 Not only do the professors have their own ideas on the matter, but the students have theirs too.對(duì)這

16、件事不僅教授們有自己的看法學(xué)生們也有自己的想法。 10用于 it isthat 強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu) It is not only the scientist and the physician who need a long special training now, but the computer expert, the accountant, and the business manager. 現(xiàn)在不僅科學(xué)家和醫(yī)生需要長(zhǎng)期的專(zhuān)門(mén)訓(xùn)練計(jì)算機(jī)專(zhuān)家、會(huì)計(jì)師和企業(yè)經(jīng)理也需要這種訓(xùn)練。 It is not only what we do, but also what we do not do, for wh

17、ich we are accountable. 我們不但要對(duì)我們所做的事負(fù)責(zé)而且要對(duì)我們沒(méi)有去做的事負(fù)責(zé)。 二、not onlybut的省略及其變體 1Not onlybut also中的also可以省略。有人認(rèn)為該句型所連接的第二部分最高級(jí)形容詞或它所表示的范圍、程度、影響等超過(guò)第一部分時(shí)常將also省略。例如 He was not only a successful writer but (also) the greatest poet of his time. 他不僅是一位成功的作家而且是他那個(gè)時(shí)代最偉大的詩(shī)人。 He is famous not only in China but (a

18、lso) in the whole world. 他不僅聞名中國(guó)而且聞名全球。 Not only do they suffer less pain than most women in labor, but the town boasts an unusually low rate of infant mortality. 這不僅使她們比大多數(shù)產(chǎn)婦受痛苦而且使城市嬰兒死亡率大大降低。 2.not onlybut also句型一般只省略also,但在連接句子時(shí)有時(shí)也可見(jiàn)到省略but甚至but also的情形。例如 Not only was I tired, I was also cold.我不光

19、困倦還感到很冷(省去了but) George not only made an important friend, he also learned about the frontier. (省去了but) Not only bas she been an excellent wife, she has been a better husband than Ill never be. 她不僅是一個(gè)極其出色的妻子而且是一個(gè)我永遠(yuǎn)也做不到的好丈夫。(省去了but also) Not only were there no traces of drinking water in the room, th

20、ere was not sufficient water found in the dead stars stomach to have comfortably taken the tablets with. 不僅房?jī)?nèi)沒(méi)有飲用水的痕跡在這位已故影星的胃里也沒(méi)發(fā)現(xiàn)有把這些藥丸舒適地送下去的水。(省去了but also) 3. not onlybutalso的形式比較固定但也會(huì)出現(xiàn)but與also被分隔開(kāi)來(lái)的情形。例如Not only the mother but the children are also sick. Not only is his right lung affected but

21、 his left lung is also. 他不但右肺被感染而且左肺也被感染了。 4.not only A but also B的替代式常見(jiàn)的還有not only A but Bas well, not only A but B too, not merely A but also B, not just A but also B, notalonebut 等。例如 Not only my mother was unhappy, but Mary, too. 不但我媽媽不高興瑪麗也不高興。 Not just the people of our nation, but all the peo

22、ple of the world have profited from his work. 不僅我們國(guó)家的人民而且全世界所有的人民都從他的研究工作中得到了好處。 Not poets alone, nor artists, nor that superior order of mind which arrogates to itself all refinement, feel this, but dogs and all men. 不僅詩(shī)人藝術(shù)家以及那些自命不凡、思想杰出的人覺(jué)得如此連狗和普通人也有同感。 二、注意事項(xiàng) 1”not only A but also B”結(jié)構(gòu)中的A和B通常是同等成

23、分。由于同一成分常常由同一詞類(lèi)的詞來(lái)?yè)?dān)任所以A與B常常也是同一詞性這從本文第一部分的例句中即可看到。但是也有A與B屬于不同詞性的情形。如”He is not only very clever, but also a very hard worker, and he likes to do everything well.他不但聰明而且能下功夫。他喜歡把每一件事都做得很好。(其中A是形容詞B是名詞但兩者均在句中作表語(yǔ)因此仍是正確句子)然而在“He not only plays the piano, but also the violin.”一句中(A是動(dòng)詞B是名詞不是同一成分,因此語(yǔ)法學(xué)家認(rèn)為此句有點(diǎn)欠妥,至少在書(shū)面語(yǔ)中就是如此。如改為“He plays not only the piano, but also the violin”就無(wú)懈可擊了)再看下面二例 The surprise grant not only enabled Dad to finish A&T, but to graduate first in his class.這筆意外的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金不僅使我父親能讀完農(nóng)業(yè)和技術(shù)學(xué)院而且畢業(yè)成績(jī)名列榜首。 2有人認(rèn)為not onlybut also不能用于否定句。漢語(yǔ)中用于否定句中的“不但而且”