08-嵌入式學(xué)院嵌入式linux系統(tǒng)移植試題答案-1

1、嵌入式Linux系統(tǒng)移植試題（時間：1個半小時）一、選擇題（每題2 2分，共5050分，包括單選和多選，多選、少選均不得分）1 .嵌入式linux系統(tǒng)移植包括（ABC）AbootloaderBlinux內(nèi)核C根文件系統(tǒng)D應(yīng)用程序2 .一般情況下，在搭建嵌入式linux開發(fā)環(huán)境時主機(jī)需要安裝的軟件有（ABC）A串口通信軟件Btftp服務(wù)器Cnfs服務(wù)器Dhttp服務(wù)器3 .下列選項(xiàng)中符合gcc的編譯流程的是（A）A預(yù)處理-編譯-匯編-連接B預(yù)處理-匯編-編譯-連接C編譯-預(yù)處理，匯編-連接D預(yù)處理-連接-匯編-編譯4 .gcc使用下列哪個選項(xiàng)可以查看編譯的詳細(xì)過程（B）A-oB-vC-ED-g5

2、 .下列二進(jìn)制工具哪個是丟棄目標(biāo)文件的全部或者特定符號，減少文件體積的（D）AsizeBasCnmDstrip6 .下列二進(jìn)制工具哪個是用來反匯編的（B）AnmBobjdumpCobjcopyDstring7 .下列二進(jìn)制工具哪個是用來進(jìn)行目標(biāo)格式轉(zhuǎn)換的（C）AnmBobjdumpCobjcopyDstring8 .下列二進(jìn)制工具哪個是用來把程序地址轉(zhuǎn)換為文件名和行號的（D）AnmBobjdumpCobjcopyDaddr2line9 .下列二進(jìn)制工具哪個是用來將目標(biāo)文件生成靜態(tài)庫的（A）AarBnmCobjcopyDobjdump10 .FSC1000開發(fā)平臺上，linux要求bootloa

3、der將內(nèi)核參數(shù)存儲在什么位置（B）A0 xB0 xC0 xD0 x27e000011 .linux要求bootloader將平臺號保存在（B）Ar0Br1Cr2Dr312.linux要求bootloader在運(yùn)行內(nèi)核前，讓系統(tǒng)進(jìn)入何種模式（B）I-I-Ire.IIre.IenigSenigS+、a ai ine-b-L-dUinne-b-L-dUing.n.g.n.I-I- -d dieeiee-e-enalnalLutLutlllln nI-lleI-lle.一UmeUmei ingL-ludngL-ludIrIre esm-sm-IailanIailandedea a.dLnl.llI.

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9、ngm-unite-l.-eaeag_n.ll-l.eain.ullfa.-a-.lgehe.a-.-20llful.f-ngm-unite-l.-eaeag_n.ll-l.eain.ullfa.-a-.andl.kh-dllhel-mandl.kh-dllhel-m，-n-ee-1-n-ee-1-，ua-newalua-newalAuserBsvcCsystem13 .bootloader向內(nèi)核傳參的方式有（AD）Aparam_structBcmd_tbl_tCchar*Dtag14 .u-boot的命令中，設(shè)置環(huán)境變量的命令是（A）AsetenvBprintenvCtftpDbootm15

10、 .u-boot中存放內(nèi)核啟動參數(shù)的環(huán)境變量是（C）AbootcmdBbootdelayCbootargsDipaddr16 .在內(nèi)核配置時，哪個關(guān)鍵詞是來包含下一級Kconfig（B）AmenuendmenuBsourceCchoiceendchoiceDdependson17 .內(nèi)核啟動過程中，如果終端出現(xiàn)Error:a”錯誤，可能出現(xiàn)的原因是（B）A內(nèi)核不支持當(dāng)前處理器B內(nèi)核不支持當(dāng)前開發(fā)平臺C內(nèi)核獲取不到bootloader傳遞來的參數(shù)D內(nèi)核初始化終端出現(xiàn)錯誤18 .內(nèi)核啟動過程中，如果終端出現(xiàn)Error:p”錯誤，可能出現(xiàn)的原因是（A）A內(nèi)核不支持當(dāng)前處理器B內(nèi)核不支持當(dāng)前開發(fā)平臺C

11、內(nèi)核獲取不到bootloader傳遞來的參數(shù)D內(nèi)核初始化終端出現(xiàn)錯誤19 .下列函數(shù)適合在內(nèi)核解壓后，console初始化以前使用的是（B）AputsBprintasciiCprintkDprintf20 .當(dāng)console初始化以后，一般最為簡單的內(nèi)核調(diào)試方式為（A）AprintkBputsCbdi2000Dkgdb21 .下列哪些文件系統(tǒng)可以運(yùn)行在nandflash上，并具有可讀寫特性（AB）Ayaffs2Bjffs2CcramfsDtmpfsEios966022 .下列哪些文件系統(tǒng)可以運(yùn)行在nandflash上，并具只讀特性（C）1 1- -he-.l-.l.l.,.he-.l-.l.l

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17、B塊設(shè)備C網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備25 .在用busybox制作根文件系統(tǒng)時，對inittab文件中的action,如果要求在程序執(zhí)行前按enter鍵進(jìn)行確認(rèn)的是（A）AaskfirstBrespawnCsysinitDwait二、簡答題（前5 5題每題8 8分，最后一題1010分，共5050分）.簡述嵌入式linux系統(tǒng)移植的主要內(nèi)容有哪些？1搭建交叉開發(fā)環(huán)境2移植bootloader3移植linux內(nèi)核4制作根文件系統(tǒng).什么是bootloader,其作用是什么？列舉三種ARM平臺常用的bootloaderbootloader是系統(tǒng)加電或復(fù)位時首先運(yùn)行的一段代碼，其作用是對系統(tǒng)的軟硬件做相應(yīng)的初始化，為操作

18、系統(tǒng)的加載運(yùn)行做好準(zhǔn)備。u-bootredbootblobvivi.描述u-boot啟動流程u-boot啟動分為兩個階段：第一個階段用匯編實(shí)現(xiàn)。設(shè)置中斷向量表-設(shè)置SVC模式、中斷和時鐘-關(guān)閉看門狗、mmu和cache-初始化內(nèi)存控制器-自搬移-設(shè)置堆棧、清空bss段第二個階段用C實(shí)現(xiàn)。調(diào)用一系列初始化函數(shù)-初始化Flash設(shè)備和環(huán)境變量-初始化網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備-進(jìn)入循環(huán).分析以下代碼段（逐行分析）。intdisable_interrupts（void）unsignedlongold,temp;定義變量old,tempeeI Irere.eI.eI.IeiigS.IeiigS+、a a- -ne-ne

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27、fawid-a-II-gene-iin-mi-e-,eu-IgeIe-Li-1011uni-IL.-eagee,lI-iie-in,fifawid-a-II-gene-iin-mi-，a.dI-iaindlein-a-Ia-leiIenea.dI-iaindlein-a-Ia-leiIene：e-,VidI.-Ie-,VidI.-I讀取cpsr寄存器的值到參數(shù)1參數(shù)1的值和0 xc0按位或操作后保存到參數(shù)2參數(shù)2的值寫入cpsr_c:=r(old),=r(temp)定義內(nèi)嵌匯編的輸出部分：01d是參數(shù)1,temp是參數(shù)2,均通過寄存器參與運(yùn)算:memory);通知編譯器內(nèi)嵌匯編代碼會修改內(nèi)存r

28、eturn(old&0 x80)=0;判斷在原先的狀態(tài)寄存器中是否開啟了中斷5.分析以下鏈接腳本內(nèi)容，并大致畫出內(nèi)存分布圖：OUTPUT_FORMAT(elf32-littlearm,elf32-littlearm,elf32-littlearm)指定輸出的可執(zhí)行文件是elf格式,32位ARM指令，小端OUTPUT_ARCH(arm)指定輸出的可執(zhí)行文件的平臺為ARMENTRY(_start)指定輸出的可執(zhí)行文件的入口為_startSECTIONS.=0 x;從0 x0位置開始.=ALIGN(4);以4字節(jié)對齊.text:定義代碼段arch/arm/cpu/armv7/start.o(.tex

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35、ot_cmd_end.=ALIGN(4);.bss:_bss_start=.;把當(dāng)前地址賦值給_bss_start,即bss段的開始位置*(.bss)定義bss段_bss_end_=.;把當(dāng)前地址賦值給_bss_end_,即bss段的結(jié)束位置回答以下內(nèi)核相關(guān)問題：分別編譯內(nèi)核鏡像和模塊的命令是什么？makezImagemakemodules以SMDKC100平臺為例，第一次配置內(nèi)核時，應(yīng)使用的缺省內(nèi)核配置文件是什么？arch/arm/configs/s5pc100_defconfig以SMDKC100平臺為例，存放平臺代碼的文件是什么(完整路徑)?arch/arm/mach-s5pc100/m

36、ach-smdkc100.c內(nèi)核解壓后的入口在哪個文件？arch/arm/kernel/start.Sprintk支持幾種打印級別？8種(07)eIui-eng.yul-.kuipi,.uI-piieIui-eng.yul-.kuipi,.uI-piii-mpa,.i.I.p.innea.i.l-.uplin-.k.0.Ie.iebb-ie-Ie,ikiffeLi-mpa,.i.I.p.innea.i.l-.uplin-.k.0.Ie.iebb-ie-Ie,ikiffeLns.mini.L.Anan-aii,.p-liei.e.i-i.ns.mini.L.Anan-aii,.p-liei.e.

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39、e-agee.ii-Sipe.in.fui-a.ifa-.-a-pi-egenelin-mpa.a.-ikla.UIein-aSiaiIene-：.gidlei.gidleinalLutllnalLutlla-Siudta-Siudtp.p.- -s-.-s-.-esm-esm-p-p-*t*tieielima-alima-a. .L L-!iplm-bus.al!iplm-bus.al.I.IL L-.ten*,ze-.ten*,zel.l.tifulesetifulese- -iama._ube-aiama._ube-api.aL-.ipi.aL-.iL.eLlL.eLlu-tHu-tH-P-P-piSi-ppiS