Language points unit2 BOOK2必修二第二單元語法

1、人教課標(biāo)人教課標(biāo)高一高一 必修必修 2Unit 21. 比賽比賽 compete2. 奧林匹克運(yùn)動會奧林匹克運(yùn)動會 the Olympic Games3. 運(yùn)動員運(yùn)動員 athlete4. 運(yùn)動場運(yùn)動場 stadium5. 獎牌獎牌 medal6. 主辦方主辦方 host1. How many competitors from how many countries _?從多少個國家來的多少名運(yùn)動員從多少個國家來的多少名運(yùn)動員參加了比賽參加了比賽?競爭競爭/競賽競賽 vi. 競賽競賽 n. 參賽者參賽者 n. competitive pete in (a game, a match)參加參加,

2、在在方面競爭方面競爭compete with/against sb 和某人競爭和某人競爭compete for( a prize, a medal, ) 角逐角逐, 為為競爭競爭competedcompetecompetitioncompetitorcompetitorcompetitor compete competitionHow many Chinese competitors competed in the competition?有多少中國運(yùn)動員參加了這次比賽？有多少中國運(yùn)動員參加了這次比賽？2. take part in (正式正式) + 運(yùn)動運(yùn)動/ 罷工罷工/ 運(yùn)動會運(yùn)動會/戰(zhàn)爭

3、戰(zhàn)爭/游戲游戲/ 試驗(yàn)試驗(yàn)/ 談話談話 (不可用于被動語態(tài)不可用于被動語態(tài))join (非正式非正式)+ 團(tuán)體團(tuán)體, 活動成為一員活動成為一員+ 參軍參軍/ 入黨入黨/ 入團(tuán)入團(tuán)join in 正在進(jìn)行的活動正在進(jìn)行的活動, 有時有時=take part inattend (= be present at 出席出席) 參加參加(會議、聽課、報告、婚喪禮等會議、聽課、報告、婚喪禮等) take an active part in積極參與積極參與 join 加入加入(某黨派、某組織或某社會團(tuán)體某黨派、某組織或某社會團(tuán)體) join in 參加參加, 參與參與(活動活動) join sb. 和某人一

4、起和某人一起 join sb in sth./doing sth. 和某人一起做和某人一起做e.g. May I _ the game? _ the Party/ League/ army/ a clubWhy not _ playing basketball?(和我們一起打籃球和我們一起打籃球)take part in/join injoinjoin us in1) Its certain that he will win a silver _ for racing.medal4. prize / medal / reward / awardmedal : 獎牌獎牌/章章prize : 獎金

5、獎金, 獎勵獎勵, 獲獎名次獲獎名次award :獎品獎品, 獎金獎金 reward: 報酬報酬, 回報回報What do the five rings on the Olympic flag _ _?stand forI stand for freedom of speech for everyone. 我主張人人都有言論自由。我主張人人都有言論自由。拓展：拓展： stand by 站在旁邊，站在旁邊， 旁觀旁觀 stand out 顯眼，突出顯眼，突出過去式過去式過去分詞過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞 名詞名詞admittedadmittedadmittingadmission5. admit

6、making a serious mistake. her to play his toy. his mistake. 1) be admitted as “作為作為被接受被接受” to/into “讓讓進(jìn)入進(jìn)入”(school )2) “承認(rèn)承認(rèn), 供認(rèn)供認(rèn); 允許允許”admit doing sth. 承認(rèn)做某事承認(rèn)做某事admit sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事允許某人做某事admit sth.承認(rèn)某事承認(rèn)某事He admittedThe boy was very happy because he thought he _ _ _ the university.was ad

7、mitted intoThe theater _ 1000 people. 這劇院可容納一千人。這劇院可容納一千人。 admitsHe _ the club after his tenth try.(被批準(zhǔn)參加被批準(zhǔn)參加). He _ a member of the baseball team. (被接收被接收)She _ having read the letter. (承認(rèn)承認(rèn))admittedwas admitted towas admitted asHe writes his own songs and he plays the guitar _ _. as well1. She co

8、oks _ her mother does. 2. The ancient building needs repairing and decoration _. 3. Many students as well as Tom _ present at the meeting that day. as well asas wellas well asThe dog is wearing the glasses of his _, which made him very lovely.hostShe was the _ for a TV talk show. hostBeijing _ the 2

9、008 Olympic Games.hosted10. Does anyone want to host the Olympic Games?Vt. 主辦主辦She is hosting a TV program.She works as a hostess in CCTV-5 sometimes.n. n. 女主持人女主持人主持人主持人hostVt.主持主持Choose the same meaning. A. The host, Mr Brown, is in the kitchen.B. The host team defeated the guest team finally.C. T

10、odays conference is hosted by our school. D. Guo Jingjing hosts the program in CCTV-5 sometimes. China is the host country of 2008 Olympic Games. n. n. 主人主人n. n. 東道主東道主, ,主辦者主辦者Vt. Vt. 主辦主辦Vt. Vt. 主持主持n. 責(zé)任責(zé)任, 職責(zé)職責(zé)adj. 有責(zé)任心的有責(zé)任心的adj. 沒有責(zé)任心的沒有責(zé)任心的對對負(fù)責(zé)任的負(fù)責(zé)任的responsibilityresponsibleirresponsiblebe res

11、ponsible forWe should _ the our future generation.我們應(yīng)該對下一代負(fù)責(zé)。我們應(yīng)該對下一代負(fù)責(zé)。be responsible forElectric lights have _ candles. replacedThe managers are considering _ typewriters _ a computer to work more quickly.replacingwith/by2. so Atlanta made a bargain with him. 所以所以,亞特蘭大和他亞特蘭大和他(父親父親)達(dá)成了一個協(xié)議。達(dá)成了一個協(xié)議

12、。 make a bargain with 達(dá)成協(xié)議達(dá)成協(xié)議 =make a deal with bargain: vi. 討價還價討價還價, 講條件講條件 n. 便宜貨便宜貨 Its a bargain. bargain with sb. about/over/for sth. 為為與某人討價還價與某人討價還價, 商討條件商討條件 這可是便宜貨這可是便宜貨。3. No one will be pardoned.任何人不得求饒任何人不得求饒/被赦免。被赦免。 e.g. John: How much is the coat? Seller: 200 yuan. John: How about 1

13、00?.deal? Seller: Deal. John: Oh John bargained with the seller over the price of the coat. And they made a bargain/deal.1. interview (n./v.) 采訪采訪, 會見會見, 面試面試 interviewer 采訪者采訪者 interviewee 被采訪者被采訪者 Tomorrow Ill have an interview for a new job. I interviewed 20 people for the job. a job / telephone

14、/ TV interviewLanguage Points 2. Pausanias, who was a Greek writer 2,000 years ago, has come on a magical journey to find out about the present-day Olympic Games. (P9)Pausanias是是2000前的一位希臘作家前的一位希臘作家, 他做了他做了一次魔幻的旅行一次魔幻的旅行, 來打聽當(dāng)代奧林匹克來打聽當(dāng)代奧林匹克運(yùn)動會的情況。運(yùn)動會的情況。go/start/ come/ be on a journey 進(jìn)行旅行進(jìn)行旅行My fat

15、her is away on a journey.find out about 弄清有關(guān)弄清有關(guān)的情況的情況The police are trying hard to find out about the accident.find 指偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)指偶然發(fā)現(xiàn); find out 指有意識地去發(fā)現(xiàn)指有意識地去發(fā)現(xiàn), 打聽或者詢問打聽或者詢問;discover 強(qiáng)調(diào)新的發(fā)現(xiàn)或科學(xué)的發(fā)現(xiàn)。強(qiáng)調(diào)新的發(fā)現(xiàn)或科學(xué)的發(fā)現(xiàn)。find /find out / discover1) Its so boring to wait here, John, go to _ when the plane will arrive

16、, will you?find out2) On the way home I _ a watch lying on the road.3) Theyre trying to _ the secret.4) Columbus _ America in 1492.5) Can you _ Mr. Lius address for me?find outdiscoveredfind outfoundAfter a long journey, they come to _ was called Chinatown. A. what B. that C. which D. the placeAt th

17、e dinner party they talked about the people and things _ they remembered in senior high. A. which B. that C. what D. whomA即學(xué)即練即學(xué)即練B3. I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago. 我生活在你們所說的我生活在你們所說的“古希臘古希臘”, 我曾經(jīng)寫過我曾經(jīng)寫過 2000年前奧林匹克運(yùn)動會的情況。年前奧林匹克運(yùn)

18、動會的情況。1) what 引起賓語從句引起賓語從句, 并在從句中作并在從句中作call的賓語的賓語, “Ancient Greece”作賓補(bǔ)。作賓補(bǔ)。what相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于the place that, 因此因此what不不能改為能改為that, 也不能改為也不能改為where, 因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)閣here 只能作狀語。只能作狀語。 2) used to do 過去常常做過去常常做 be/get used to (doing) sth. 習(xí)慣于習(xí)慣于 be used to do 被用來做被用來做過去我們常在一起玩。過去我們常在一起玩。We used to play together.她習(xí)慣睡前喝一杯牛

19、奶。她習(xí)慣睡前喝一杯牛奶。She is used to drinking a glass of milk before she goes to bed.Bamboo (竹子竹子) can be used to make paper.We _ in touch with each other by writing letters. A. were used to keep B. used to keep C. were used to keeping D. used to keepingNow I _ stories to my son every night. A. used to readi

20、ng B. am used to read C. am used to reading D. used to readWood can _ furniture. A. be used to making B. be used to make B. used to make D. be used to makingBCB4. P: How often do you hold your games? L: _. There are two main _Games the Winter and the Summer OlympicsEvery four yearssets of every four

21、 years:每四年或每隔三年每四年或每隔三年 every 與數(shù)詞連用表示與數(shù)詞連用表示“ 每每, 每隔每隔 ” every 基數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞+單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞 e.g. 每五年每五年:每隔三米每隔三米:每兩年每兩年,或每隔一年或每隔一年 every five years, every fifth yearevery four meters, every fourth meter every two years: every second year every other year every few years每隔幾年每隔幾年Usually, medicine sh

22、ould be taken _(每四小時每四小時).Some of you go back home _(每隔一個星期每隔一個星期).He likes reading very much, so he goes to the bookshop _(每隔幾天每隔幾天). every four hours / every fourth hour / every second weekevery two weeks/every other weekevery few days6. Our Greek cities used to compete against each other just _ w

23、inning.for the honor offor the honor ofin the honor ofIt is an honor (for sb.) to do sth.為慶祝為慶祝/為紀(jì)念為紀(jì)念 為了為了的榮譽(yù)的榮譽(yù)某人做某事感到很榮幸某人做某事感到很榮幸Washington, a state in the United States, was named _ one of the greatest American presidents.A. in honor of B. instead of C. in favor of D. by means ofA 7. No other c

24、ountry could join in, nor could slaves or women. 其他國家都不能參加其他國家都不能參加, 奴隸和婦女也不行。奴隸和婦女也不行。 1)nor 用作連詞用作連詞, 引起倒裝句引起倒裝句, 意為意為“也不也不”。 He never went again, nor did he write to apologize. I dont know, nor do I care. I have never been dishonest, nor do I mean to start being so now.2)neither/nor +倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)(be/情態(tài)動詞

25、/助動詞+主語), 表示前面提到的否定情況也適用于另一個人或事物“也不”。He cant do it. I cant do it, either. =He cant do it, nor can I.I will not go there, _ _(他也不會去他也不會去). You never heard from him,_ (我也沒有收到他的來信我也沒有收到他的來信).neither/nor/nor did Iwill heneither3) Nor / Neither + 助動詞助動詞 +主語主語 也一樣也一樣(否定句否定句)So +助動詞助動詞+主語主語 也一樣也一樣（肯定句）（肯定句

26、）so+主語主語+助動詞助動詞 確實(shí)這樣確實(shí)這樣I didnt go there. _ she.(她也是她也是)She was a teacher. _ I. (我也是這樣我也是這樣)I got up early this morning. _.(我確實(shí)起得早我確實(shí)起得早)Nor /neither didSo wasSo I did Make sentences Make sentences usingusingSo sb.Neither/ Nor .sb.Yi JianlianYao MingVSVS8. Women are not only allowed, but (also) play

27、 a very important role in1) allow sb sth 允許某人某事允許某人某事 allow sb in (out) 允許某人進(jìn)入允許某人進(jìn)入(出去出去) allow sb to do sth 允許某人做某事允許某人做某事 (不能說不能說allow to do) allow doing sth 允許做某事允許做某事 be allowed to do sth 被允許做某事被允許做某事漢譯英漢譯英:在候車室乘客不允許吸煙。在候車室乘客不允許吸煙。Passengers ( )in the waiting room. 我們不許在這里吸煙。我們不許在這里吸煙。 We dont

28、( )are not allowed to smoke.allow smoking here.9. For each Olympics, a special village isbuilt for them to live in, a main reception building, several stadiums for competitions, and a gymnasium as well.as welltooeitheralso用在肯定句中用在肯定句中, ,放在句子末尾放在句子末尾 肯定句中用肯定句中用, 放在句子末尾放在句子末尾, ,常用逗號隔開常用逗號隔開 否定句中用否定句中用

29、, ,放句子末尾放句子末尾, ,常用逗號隔開常用逗號隔開 放在特殊動詞之后放在特殊動詞之后, ,實(shí)義動詞之前實(shí)義動詞之前 I am also a student. =I am a students, too.Lucy didnt go to the party, either.Tony speaks Japanese as well.She has knowledge and experience as well.as well as常用來連接兩個并列的成分常用來連接兩個并列的成分, 作作“也也, 還還”解。它強(qiáng)調(diào)的是前一項(xiàng)解。它強(qiáng)調(diào)的是前一項(xiàng), 后一項(xiàng)只是順便后一項(xiàng)只是順便提及。因此連接并列

30、主語時提及。因此連接并列主語時, 謂語動詞與謂語動詞與前一項(xiàng)一致前一項(xiàng)一致; 而用而用not only .but also.連接時連接時,謂語動詞與后一項(xiàng)一致。謂語動詞與后一項(xiàng)一致。如：如：Your wife as well as you is friendly to me.不僅你而且你的妻子也對我很友好。不僅你而且你的妻子也對我很友好。(Not only your wife but also you are friendly to me.)as well as 用來表示同級比較用來表示同級比較, 指指“一樣好一樣好”。如如: He plays the guitar as well as yo

31、u.他的吉他彈得和你一樣好。他的吉他彈得和你一樣好。1)Yao Ming is good at playing basketball and he does well in learning foreign languages _.A. as well B. as well as C. also D. either2) E-mail, as well as the telephones, _ an important part in daily communication.A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play A A 11.Th

32、eres just as much a competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win an Olympic medal.as much + 名名 + as + 名名 (與與同樣地同樣地) Its as much your responsibility as mine. 這件事你和我一樣都有責(zé)任。這件事你和我一樣都有責(zé)任。國與國之間爭取奧運(yùn)會承辦權(quán)的競爭就跟爭國與國之間爭取奧運(yùn)會承辦權(quán)的競爭就跟爭奪奧運(yùn)會金牌一樣激烈。奪奧運(yùn)會金牌一樣激烈。她和你一樣都是聰明的學(xué)生。她和你一樣都是聰明的學(xué)生。She is as clever

33、a student as you (are).It is generally believed that teaching is _ it is a science.A. much as an art as B. as much an art as C. an art as much as D. as much as an artB12. The 2008 Olympics will be held in Beijing, China. will be held 為一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。為一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。其一般結(jié)構(gòu)為其一般結(jié)構(gòu)為: shall / will + be + 過去過去分詞。分

34、詞。shall 用于第一人稱用于第一人稱, will 用于用于各人稱。各人稱。Your job _ open for your return.Thanks. (北京北京2006)A. will be kept B. will keep C. had kept D. had been kept 點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥 本題考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。本題考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。由由your job和和keep之間是被動關(guān)系之間是被動關(guān)系, 排除排除B、C項(xiàng)。另由對話情景可知項(xiàng)。另由對話情景可知, 此處可以用現(xiàn)在完成時或?qū)頃r此處可以用現(xiàn)在完成時或?qū)頃r, 故選故選A。A13. Its still all about being

35、able to run faster, jump higher and throw further.farther 距離或時間上更遠(yuǎn)的距離或時間上更遠(yuǎn)的, 是指是指具體具體的的further 更遠(yuǎn)的更遠(yuǎn)的 (=farther); 程度上進(jìn)一步的程度上進(jìn)一步的, 是指是指抽象抽象的的e.g. We cant go any farther without a rest.e.g. We must get further information.e.g. We need take further step to deal with the matter.A. There were 20,000 pla

36、yers competing _ the 29th Olympic Games. All the c_ competed _ honor _ _ _ medals. More than 500 Chinese a_ were a_ _the fierce competition.in ompetitorsforas well asthletes mittedto/into完成短文完成短文B. In preparation for h_ the opening and closing ceremonies( 開開,閉幕式閉幕式)of 2008 Games, Zhang Yimou, who wa

37、s a_ _ the director, was devoted to it. It was a great honor for him; meanwhile(同時同時), he a_ that it was not an easy task. The programes should s_ _ Chinese culture and the Olympic spirits _ _.dmitted as dmitedtandas wellostingfor1. Because she _ no one, no one can _ her. competes with/againstcompet

38、e with/against以其不爭，故天下莫能與之爭。以其不爭，故天下莫能與之爭。-老子老子2. Defeat never comes to any man until he a_ it. dmits人只要不認(rèn)輸就不會失敗人只要不認(rèn)輸就不會失敗. .諺語諺語Finish and enjoy useful sentences.Finish and enjoy useful sentences.5. If you ask me how much I love you, the moonlight s_ _ my heart!-齊秦齊秦 tands for-周杰倫周杰倫4. I close my

39、eyes when thinking that one day someone else can r_ me in your heart我會發(fā)著呆然后忘記你我會發(fā)著呆然后忘記你 接著緊緊閉上眼接著緊緊閉上眼 想著那一天會有人代替想著那一天會有人代替 eplace3. It is unbearable(難以忍受的難以忍受的) to meet, and to depart(分離分離) _.相見時難別亦難。相見時難別亦難。as well6. The most important thing is to _ _ _ the games. -Olympic Motto7. Friendship come

40、s the first, c_ the second. -Olympic Mottotake part inompetition1. He said, “ I want to marry Atlanta.” 他說他說, “我要娶亞特蘭大。我要娶亞特蘭大?！?marry vt./ vi. 結(jié)婚結(jié)婚, 嫁嫁, 娶娶, 與與結(jié)婚結(jié)婚 e.g. 他說他說, “我要結(jié)婚了我要結(jié)婚了!” He said, “Im going to get married!” marry sb. 嫁給嫁給/ 娶娶 某人某人; 與某人結(jié)婚與某人結(jié)婚 get married (to) 用于表示結(jié)婚的動作用于表示結(jié)婚的動作 e.

41、g. 她一年前與一個醫(yī)生結(jié)婚。她一年前與一個醫(yī)生結(jié)婚。 She got married to a doctor a year ago.Language pointsbe married (to), 用于表示結(jié)婚的狀態(tài)用于表示結(jié)婚的狀態(tài); marry sb. to sb. (父母父母)把女兒嫁給把女兒嫁給 為兒子娶媳婦為兒子娶媳婦注意注意: (1)marry是非延續(xù)性動詞是非延續(xù)性動詞, 不可與表不可與表示一段時間的狀語連用。示一段時間的狀語連用。(2) be married可以與表示一段時間的可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用。狀語連用。My uncle _ until he was forty-f

42、ive. (上海上海2000)A. married B. didnt marry C. was not marrying D. would marry句意為句意為: 我的叔叔直到我的叔叔直到45歲才結(jié)婚。歲才結(jié)婚。 marry不能用進(jìn)行時不能用進(jìn)行時, 故排除故排除C。當(dāng)短暫動詞與當(dāng)短暫動詞與until連用時連用時, 用否定形式。用否定形式。B 4. When she stops to pick it up, you will be able to run past her and win. pick up : 1)拾起拾起; 學(xué)會學(xué)會; Please pick up the ticket f

43、or me. 2)(車輛車輛)中途接人中途接人e.g. 我會到機(jī)場接你。我會到機(jī)場接你。Ill pick you up at the airport.3) 收聽收聽He often picks up English news.他經(jīng)常收聽英語新聞。他經(jīng)常收聽英語新聞。Pausanias, who was a Greek writer 2,000 years ago, has come on a magical journey on March 18th, 2007 to find out about the present-day Olympic Games.Pausanias是是2000年前的一位希臘作家，他年前的一位希臘作家，他在在2007年年3月月18日做了一次魔幻的旅行，來日做了一次魔幻的旅行，來打聽當(dāng)代奧林匹克運(yùn)動會的情況。打聽當(dāng)代奧林匹克運(yùn)動會的情況。They are _ a happy journey.on此句為復(fù)合句，此句為復(fù)合句，whoago做做Pausanias 的的_, to find Games做句子的做句子的 _。定語從句定語從句目的狀語目的狀語I lived in what you call “Ancient Gr