高一英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句講解精華

1、定 語(yǔ) 從 句 一、基本概念： 定語(yǔ)：定語(yǔ)從句： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now? That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引導(dǎo)詞：關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在從句中充當(dāng)：關(guān)系副詞有：when, where, why. 在從句充當(dāng)：先行詞：定語(yǔ)從句中引關(guān)系詞的作用：二、關(guān)系詞的用法： （一）關(guān)系代詞的用法： 1 He is the man lives next door. The train has just

2、left is for Shenzhen. 2 The man _ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book _I bought last week? （二）關(guān)系副詞的用法： 1 I still remember the time _I first became a college student. Do you know the date _Lincoln was born? (三) 使用關(guān)系副詞應(yīng)注意下列幾點(diǎn)： 1 這三個(gè)關(guān)系副詞在意義上都相當(dāng)于一定的介詞+which結(jié)構(gòu)： when = on (in, at, duri

3、ng) + which; where = in (at, on) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2 當(dāng)先行詞是表時(shí)間的time, day等和表地點(diǎn)的place, house等時(shí)，一定要注意分析從句的結(jié)構(gòu)，如果缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)系

4、詞應(yīng)該用which或that, 缺少時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，才能用when或where，試比較： Ill never forget the day _ my hometown was liberated. Ill never forget the days_we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory_radio parts are made. His father works in a factory_makes radio parts. 三限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 1限制性定語(yǔ)從句This is the te

5、legram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you? 2非限制性定語(yǔ)從句This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric. 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞有who, whom, whose, which, when 和 where不可以用that和why。 注意：I told the story to John, who

6、later did it to his brother. = I told the story to John, and he later told it to his brother. Yesterday I happened to see John, who was eager to have a talk with you. = Yesterday I happened to see John and he was eager to have a talk with you. 4先行詞為整個(gè)主句或是主句中的一個(gè)部分，用which或as來(lái)引導(dǎo)。如： He passed the exam,

7、which/as he hoped he would. 注：（1）as引導(dǎo)的從句可以放在主句之前、中、后，而which引導(dǎo)的從句只能放在主句之后。 They are hollow, which makes them very light. As is known to all, Taiwan is a part of China. （2）as常譯成“就象 那樣”，正如.as 的短語(yǔ)As everybody knows, Luxun is a famous writer.Luxun, as everybody knows, is a famous writer.as we all know ,

8、as often happens, as you see, as is known to all as is expected, as has been said before, as I can remember四關(guān)系詞的選擇 1 在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)先行詞指物時(shí)，只能用that，不用which的情況： (1) 當(dāng)先行詞是all, a lot, (a) little, few, much, none, anything, something, everything, nothing等詞時(shí)。如： All that can be done has been done. In this fact

9、ory I saw little / much that was different from ours. (2) 當(dāng)先行詞被all, any no, much, little, few, every等限定詞所修飾時(shí)。如： We heard clearly every word that he said. (3) 當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞所修飾時(shí)。如： The first thing that should be done is to get the tickets. When people talk about Hangzhou, the first that comes to mind

10、is the West Lake. (4) 當(dāng)先行詞是形容詞最高級(jí)或被形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾，以及先行詞被序數(shù)詞和形容 詞最高級(jí)同時(shí)修飾時(shí)，如： Is that the best that you can do? Thats the most expensive hotel that weve ever stayed in. This novel is the second best one that I have ever read. (5) 當(dāng)先行詞被 the very, the only, the next, the last等所修飾時(shí)。如： This is the very book th

11、at I want to find. (6) 當(dāng)先行詞為指人和指物的兩個(gè)并列名詞詞組時(shí)。如： The guests spoke highly of the children and their performances that they saw at the Childrens Palace. She described in her compositions the people and places that impressed her most. (7) 當(dāng)主句是以which開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)。如： Which is the car that killed the boy? 2. 在定

12、語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí)，用who(m)，而不用that的情況： (1) 當(dāng)先行詞是one, ones, any, few, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, everyone, everybody等詞時(shí)。如： Is there anyone who can answer this question? He was among the few who managed to live through the enemy prison camp. (2) 當(dāng)先行詞是he, they, those, people, person等詞時(shí)。如： He who wan

13、ts to catch fish just not mind getting wet. Those who are against the proposal put up your hands. 3. 在定語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí)，在下列情況中，一般用關(guān)系詞that: (1) 當(dāng)主句是以who或which開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)。如： Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there? Which of us that knows anything does not know this? (2) 當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞所修飾時(shí)。如

14、： He is the greatest man that has ever lived. (3) 當(dāng)先行詞被the only, the very, the last等詞所修飾時(shí)。如： She is the only person that understands me. 4介詞+關(guān)系代詞 介詞的選擇1.介詞與定語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞、形容詞搭配Human have the ability to modify the environment they live.He was generous with his time, I was grateful.2. 介詞與 先行詞搭配By nine ocloc

15、k, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _ appeared a rare rainbow soon. A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which3.of which 的用法1） For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread our further, _ New York is an example. A. for which B. in which C. o

16、f which D. from which2）The man pulled out a gold watch, were made of small diamonds.A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of C. which the hands of D. the hands of which選擇正確的介詞：on in for of with to1. I disagree with the facts _ which your argument is based.2. The song, _ which he was interested, wil

17、l never be heard again.3. This is the reason _ which he often comes to school late.4. I will never forget the way _ which my father taught me.5. This is the boy _ whom were proud.6. I want to find the very pen _which I wrote the letter.7. They are the boys _whom our teachers are speaking highly.8. I

18、t is necessary to name the person _whom the cards belong.9. It is important to choose good friends _ whom you can share your happiness.10. I would like to do business with those people _whom I can rely.高中定語(yǔ)從句專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)題1.The place _interested me most was the Childrens Palace.A. Which B. where C. what D. i

19、n which2.Do you know the man _?A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke3.This is the hotel _last month.A. which they stayed B. at that they stayedC. where they stayed at D. where they stayed4.Do you know the year _the Chinese Communist Party was founded?A. which B. that C. when

20、D. on which5.That is the day _Ill never forget.A. which B. on which C. in which D. when6.The factory _well visit next week is not far from here.A. where B. to which C. which D. in which7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _we are working.A. where B. that C. which D. there8.This

21、 is one of the best films _.A. that have been shown this year B. that have shownC. that has been shown this year D. that you talked9.Can you lend me the book _the other day?A. about which you talked B. which you talkedC. about that you talked D. that you talked10.The pen _he is writing is mine.A. wi

22、th which B. in which C. on which D. by which11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of _sat a small boy.A. whom B. who C. which D. that12.The engineer _my father works is about 50 years old.A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom13.It there anyone in your class _family is in the country?A.

23、 who B. whos C. which D. whose14.Im interested in _you have said.A. all that B. all what C. that D. which15.I want to use the same dictionary _was used yesterday.A. which B. who C. what D. as16.He isnt such a man _he used to be.A. who B. whom C. that D. as17.He is good at English, _we all know.A. th

24、at B. as C. whom D. what18.Li Ming, _to the concert enjoyed it very much.A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with him19.I dont like _ as you read.A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels20.He talked a lot about things and persons _they remembered in t

25、he school.A. which B. that C. whom D. what21.The letter is from my sister, _is working in Beijing.A. which B. that C. whom D. who22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of _are women.A. them B. which C. whom D. who23.Youre the only person _Ive ever met _could do it.A. who;/ B./; whom C

26、. whom;/ D./; who24.I lost a book, _I cant remember now.A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that25.Last summer we visited the West Lake, _Hangzhou is famous in the world. A. for which B. for that C. in which D. what26.I have bought such a watch _ was advertised on TV.A. th

27、at B. which C. as D. it27.I can never forget the day _ we worked together and the day _ we spent together.A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when28.The way _he looks at problems is wrong.A. which B. whose C. what D./29.This is the reason _he didnt come to the meeting.A. in whic

28、h B. with which C. that D. for which30.This machine, _for many years, is still working perfectly.A. after which I have looked B. which I have looked afterC. that I have looked after D. I have looked after31.The reason _he didnt come was _he was ill.A. why; that B.that;why C. for that;that D.for whic

29、h;what32.He is working hard, _will make him pass the final exam.A.that B.which C.for which D.who33.That is not the way _I do it.A./ B.which C.for which D.with which34.I have two grammars, _are of great use.A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which35.I want to use the same t

30、ools _used in your factory a few days ago.A. as was B. which was C. as were D. which36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _ was very kind of them.A. who B. which C. that D. it 37.This is the magazine _ I copied the paragraph.A. that B. which C. from that D. from which 38.He is

31、 not such a man _ would leave his work half done.A. that B. which C. who D. as 39. You can depend on whatever promise _ he makes.A. / B. why C. when D. whose 40. Smoking, _ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A. that B. which C. it D. though 41. - Did you ask the guard _ happened?- Yes, he told me

32、all _ he knew.A. what; that B. what; what C. which; which D. that; that 42. I shall never forget those years _ I lived on the farm withthe farmers, _ has a great effect on my life.A. when; who B. that; which C. which; that D. when; which 43. The number of the people who _ cars _ increasing.A. owns;

33、are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are 44. During the days _, he worked as a servant at the Browns.A. followed B. following C. to follow D. that followed 45. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn?A. that B. / C. which D. it 46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _ he could see _ was going on

34、 inside house.A. which; what B. through which; what C. through that; what D. what; that 47. Is _ some German friends visited last week?A. this school B. this the school C. this school one D. this school where 48. John got beaten in the game, _ had been expected.A. as B. that C. what D. who 49. I hav

35、e bought two ballpens, _ writes well.A. none of them B. neither of them C. neither of which D. none of which 50. All that can be eaten _ eaten up.A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been 1. Nearly all the streets are in straight lines, _ from east to west. Those _ run from north to south ar

36、e called avenues.A. running; that B. run; who C. running; who D. run; that2. This is the case _ hes had all his money stolen.A. when B. where C. that D. on which3. Mr. Smith will pay a visit to Beijing this autumn, _ we will enjoy the Olympic Games in 2008. A. where B. when C. which D. how4. The art

37、ist will not paint people or animals but he will paint anything _ .A. that the little girl asks him B. the little girl asks him toC. for the little girl to ask him D. what the little girl asks him5. How did you get in touch with the travel agent, Robin?Oh, thats easy. I surfed the Internet and then

38、called one _ the telephone number is provided.A. which B. in which C. of which D. whose6. October 15 th is my birthday, _ I will never forget.A. when B. that C. what D. which7. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point _ he can walk correctly and safely.A. when B. where C. whic

39、h D. whose8. There are several research centers in China _ a certain disease called Bird Flu is being studied.A. which B. where C. when D. what9. I hope that the little _ I have been able to do does good to them all.A. which B. what C. that D. when10. The time is not far away _ modern communications will beco