Book5Unit3SectionⅢGrammar—過去分詞作狀語

1、第3步Unit 3 Life in the futureSection Grammar過去分詞作狀語第1步第2步返回返回返回返回返回1a.Given better attention, the trees could grow better.b. Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.cDescribed as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate the pull of the earths gravity.返回2a

2、.I stared at the moving model of the waste machine, absorbed by its efficiency. I stared at the moving model of the waste machine, and was absorbed by its efficiency.bHit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. Because I was hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.3a.When offered help, one often sa

3、ys “Thank you” or “Its kind of you.”bThe research is so designed that once begun nothing can be done to change it.返回我的發(fā)現(xiàn)我的發(fā)現(xiàn)(1)作狀語用的過去分詞作狀語用的過去分詞(短語短語)和句子的主語之間有邏輯和句子的主語之間有邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，或稱為上的動賓關(guān)系，或稱為 關(guān)系。關(guān)系。(2)第一組句子中的過去分詞第一組句子中的過去分詞(短語短語)分別在句子中作：分別在句子中作：a. 狀語；狀語；b. 狀語；狀語；c.伴隨情況或方式狀語。伴隨情況或方式狀語。(3)比較第二組句子可知，

4、作狀語用的過去分詞比較第二組句子可知，作狀語用的過去分詞(短語短語)可可以轉(zhuǎn)化成相應(yīng)的以轉(zhuǎn)化成相應(yīng)的 從句。從句。被動被動條件條件原因原因狀語狀語返回(4)從第三組句子可知，表示時間、條件、方式、比較從第三組句子可知，表示時間、條件、方式、比較或讓步的狀語，可用或讓步的狀語，可用“ ”結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)?？捎糜谠摻Y(jié)構(gòu)中的從屬連詞有：可用于該結(jié)構(gòu)中的從屬連詞有：when, once, while, if, unless, as if, as, than, though, although等。等。從屬連詞過去分詞從屬連詞過去分詞返回返回 過去分詞過去分詞(短語短語)可以作狀語，修飾謂語動詞，進(jìn)一可以作狀語

5、，修飾謂語動詞，進(jìn)一步說明謂語動詞的動作和狀態(tài)。在意義上相當(dāng)于狀語從步說明謂語動詞的動作和狀態(tài)。在意義上相當(dāng)于狀語從句句(而且可以跟狀語從句相互轉(zhuǎn)換而且可以跟狀語從句相互轉(zhuǎn)換)，表示時間、條件、原，表示時間、條件、原因、伴隨狀況等。因、伴隨狀況等。返回一、過去分詞一、過去分詞(短語短語)作狀語的幾種情況作狀語的幾種情況1作時間狀語作時間狀語過去分詞可用作時間狀語，相當(dāng)于時間狀語從句。有時過去分詞可用作時間狀語，相當(dāng)于時間狀語從句。有時也可在過去分詞前加上連詞也可在過去分詞前加上連詞“when，while，until”等，等，使其時間意義更明確。使其時間意義更明確。This dictionary

6、 will look nice when printed.印好后，這本詞典看上去將很精美。印好后，這本詞典看上去將很精美。返回11.句型轉(zhuǎn)換句型轉(zhuǎn)換Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us. from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us.12.一句多譯一句多譯當(dāng)被要求發(fā)言時，你才能講話。當(dāng)被要求發(fā)言時，你才能講話。Dont speak Dont speak When it is seen until asked tountil

7、 you are asked to返回當(dāng)被問到為何要做這件事時，班長說這是他的職責(zé)。當(dāng)被問到為何要做這件事時，班長說這是他的職責(zé)。 , the monitor said it was his duty. , the monitor said it was his duty.Asked why he did itWhen (he was) asked why he did it返回2作原因狀語作原因狀語過去分詞可用作原因狀語，相當(dāng)于原因狀語從句。過去分詞可用作原因狀語，相當(dāng)于原因狀語從句。Satisfied with what he did, the teacher praised him in

8、 class.由于對他所做的事情感到滿意，老師在班上表揚(yáng)了他。由于對他所做的事情感到滿意，老師在班上表揚(yáng)了他。返回Written in a hurry, this article was not so good. in a hurry, this article was not so good.試譯：試譯： Because it was written 因為寫的匆忙，這篇文章不是很好。因為寫的匆忙，這篇文章不是很好。返回3作條件狀語作條件狀語可用在連詞可用在連詞if，unless之后，相當(dāng)于一個條件狀語從句。之后，相當(dāng)于一個條件狀語從句。Given more time, we could do

9、 it much better. If we were given more time, we could do it much better.多給我們點(diǎn)時間，我們會做得更好。多給我們點(diǎn)時間，我們會做得更好。返回如果種在肥沃的土壤里，這些種子就能長得快。如果種在肥沃的土壤里，這些種子就能長得快。 , these seeds can grow fast. , these seeds can grow fast. 除非受到邀請，否則我不去作演講。除非受到邀請，否則我不去作演講。I wont make a speach I wont make a speach Grown in rich soilI

10、f they are grown in rich soilunless Im invitedunless invited返回4作讓步狀語作讓步狀語過去分詞有時可用在過去分詞有時可用在although，though，even if，even though, whether .or等連詞之后，相當(dāng)于一個等連詞之后，相當(dāng)于一個讓步狀語從句。讓步狀語從句。Beaten by the opposite team, the players were not discouraged and practiced even harder. Though they had been beaten by the o

11、pposite team, the players were not discouraged and practiced even harder.雖然被對方打敗，隊員們沒有泄氣，而是更加刻苦雖然被對方打敗，隊員們沒有泄氣，而是更加刻苦訓(xùn)練。訓(xùn)練。返回Though warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields. , the farmers were still working in the fields.Considered as a building material，wood is not very str

12、ong. as a building material, wood is not very strong.Though they had been warned of the stormAlthough it is considered 返回5作方式或伴隨狀語作方式或伴隨狀語過去分詞可用作方式或伴隨狀語，此時相當(dāng)于一個由過去分詞可用作方式或伴隨狀語，此時相當(dāng)于一個由and連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)。連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)。She accepted the gift, deeply moved. She accepted the gift, and she was deeply moved.她接受了禮物，深深地被感

13、動了。她接受了禮物，深深地被感動了。返回The hunter walked slowly in the forest, followed by his wolf dog.The hunter walked slowly in the forest, by his wolf dog.試譯：試譯： and he was followed獵人在森林里慢慢地走著，后面跟著他的狼狗。獵人在森林里慢慢地走著，后面跟著他的狼狗。返回二、過去分詞二、過去分詞(短語短語)作狀語應(yīng)注意的幾點(diǎn)作狀語應(yīng)注意的幾點(diǎn)1作狀語的過去分詞其邏輯主語通常就是句子的主語，作狀語的過去分詞其邏輯主語通常就是句子的主語，且主語是過去

14、分詞動作的承受者，即過去分詞表示的且主語是過去分詞動作的承受者，即過去分詞表示的動作與主語之間是被動關(guān)系。動作與主語之間是被動關(guān)系。2值得注意的是，有些過去分詞因來源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作值得注意的是，有些過去分詞因來源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語時不強(qiáng)調(diào)被動而重在描述主語的狀態(tài)。這樣的過狀語時不強(qiáng)調(diào)被動而重在描述主語的狀態(tài)。這樣的過去分詞及短語常見的有：去分詞及短語常見的有：satisfied, surprised, worried, disappointed, lost, seated, hidden, lost/absorbed in, dressed in, tired of。返回 (give) ano

15、ther hour, I can also work out this problem.試譯：試譯： (lose) in thought, he didnt hear the bell. 試譯：試譯： (worry) about his sons safety, he didnt sleep well. 試譯：試譯：Given再給我一個小時，我也能解出這道題。再給我一個小時，我也能解出這道題。Lost由于陷入沉思之中，他沒有聽到鈴聲。由于陷入沉思之中，他沒有聽到鈴聲。Worried由于擔(dān)心他兒子的安全，他沒有睡好。由于擔(dān)心他兒子的安全，他沒有睡好。返回三、過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語的區(qū)別三、過去

16、分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語的區(qū)別1過去分詞作狀語時，通常與其邏輯主語之間存在邏過去分詞作狀語時，通常與其邏輯主語之間存在邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，即被動關(guān)系；現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，輯上的動賓關(guān)系，即被動關(guān)系；現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，通常與其邏輯主語之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，即通常與其邏輯主語之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，即主動關(guān)系。主動關(guān)系。2. 過去分詞過去分詞(短語短語)作狀語時，分詞的邏輯主語與句子的作狀語時，分詞的邏輯主語與句子的主語要一致。否則，須加上自己的邏輯主語，構(gòu)成主語要一致。否則，須加上自己的邏輯主語，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。返回71.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 (use) f

17、or a long time, the book looks old. (use) the book, I find it useful. Good luck (give), I will earn more money.72.判斷正誤判斷正誤(T/F)If caught, the police will punish the thief. If caught, the thief will be punished by the police.UsedUsing givenFT返回1(2011天津高考天津高考)_ into English, the sentence was found to

18、have an entirely different word order.ATranslatingBTranslatedCTo translate DHaving translated解析：解析：考查非謂語動詞作狀語。根據(jù)句意可知，考查非謂語動詞作狀語。根據(jù)句意可知，“translate”和和“the sentence”是動賓關(guān)系且動作是動賓關(guān)系且動作已經(jīng)完成，故用動詞的過去分詞形式，選已經(jīng)完成，故用動詞的過去分詞形式，選B項。項。答案：答案：B返回2(2011四川高考四川高考)_ an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.AOffer BOfferingCOffered DTo offer解析：解析：考查非謂語動詞作狀語。句子主語考查非謂語動詞作狀語。句子主語Andy與與offer之間是動賓關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作狀語。故選之間是動賓關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作狀語。故選C。答案：答案：C返回3(2010陜西高考陜西高考)_ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.ASeenBSeeingCHaving seen DTo see解