鑄造缺陷中英文對(duì)照

1、A. 尺寸，形狀缺陷鑄造缺陷 casting defects尺寸超差 impropershrinkage allowanee尺寸不合格wrong size模樣錯(cuò)誤 excess rappingof pattern, deformed pattern, pattern error壁厚不均 differentthickness鑄型下垂mold sag錯(cuò)型 mold shift,shift, miss-match, cross-joint舂移 ram off, ramaway塌型 mold drop,drop off, drop out, drop sticker上型下沉，沉芯sag（上型和型芯下垂

2、導(dǎo)致壁厚減小）飛翅 fins, joint flash翹曲 warp age,buckling, warping, camber鑄件變形 warped casting擠箱 push up,cramp-off型裂 broken mold,cracked掉砂 crush ofmold, crush變形 deformation,casting distortion, warped castingB. 縮孔（由凝固收縮引起）縮孑L shrinkage,shrinkaged cavity內(nèi)部縮孑L internalshrinkage, dispersed shrinkage, blind shrinka

3、ge 敞露縮孑L open shrinkage,external shrinkages, sink marks, depressi on縮松 porosity, shrinkage porosity,leakers, micro shrinkage, disperded shri nkage縮陷 sink marks,draw, suck-in芯面縮孑L core shrinkage內(nèi)角縮孑L cornershrinkage, fillet shrinkage出汗孑L extruded bead,exudation線狀縮孑L fissure likeshrinkageC. 氣體缺陷（由氣體引起

4、的孔）氣孑L blowholes,gas hole, blow針孑 L pin holes裂紋狀缺陷，線狀缺陷fissure defectsD. 裂紋裂紋crack縮裂 shrinkage crack季裂 seas on crack ing, seas on crack應(yīng)力熱裂 hot crack in g,hot teari ng, hot tear淬火裂紋 quench crack,quenching crack應(yīng)力冷裂 cold crack in g,breakage, cold teari ng, cold tear 龜裂crack激冷層裂紋，白裂chill crackE. 夾雜物夾渣

5、 slaginclusion, slag blowholes砂眼 sandinclusion, raised sand, sand hole其他夾雜物 the other inclusion脹砂 push up,cramp-off, sand hole掉砂 crush, crushof mold硬點(diǎn) hard spot浮渣dross （澆注后在鑄型內(nèi)形成的缺陷，尤其是石墨、氧化物和硫化物的線狀缺陷的總稱，另外，澆注過程中被卷進(jìn)去的缺陷成為夾渣 和砂眼，兩者的區(qū)別是形成原因不同）石墨浮渣 graphite dross,carbon dross氧化皮夾渣 oxide dross, oxide in

6、 clusi on, skins, seams硫化物熔渣sulfide dross沉淀物sludge夾渣物 sand inclusion,oxide inclusion, skins, seams黑點(diǎn)，黑渣 black spots,lustrous carb on涂料夾渣 black in g,refractory coati ng in clusi ons光亮碳膜 lustrous carb on films, kish tracksF. 外觀缺陷澆不足 misrun, shortrun, cold lap, cold shut冷隔 cold shut,cold laps輕度冷隔seam兩重

7、皮plate皺皮 surface fold,gas run, elephant skin, seams, scare, flow marks漏箱 run-out,runout, break-out, bleeder漏芯 mold drop,stiker未澆滿 short pours,short run, poured short氣孑L blowholes, blow飛翅 fins, joint flash脹砂，氣皰 swell, blister芯撐未融合 chaplet shut,insert cold shut, unfused chaplet熱粘砂burn in熱痕 flow marks內(nèi)

8、滲豆，冷豆，冷隔 internal sweating, coldshot, shot iron夕卜滲物sweating磷化物滲豆phosphide sweat鉛滲豆lead sweat錫滲豆tin sweat掉砂rat, sticker （型砂的一部分附著在模樣上而形成的表面缺陷）G. 型芯缺陷砂芯斷裂 crushed core,broken core砂芯壓碎broken core芯面縮孔core blow砂芯縮孔core blow砂芯下垂 sag core,deformed core砂芯彎曲deformed core漂芯 shiftedcore, core raise, raised cor

9、e, mold element cutout偏芯 core shiftH. 表面缺陷沾砂 burn on,sand burning, burn in , penetration粘型（金屬型）fusion兩重皮 lam in atio ns ,plat機(jī)械粘砂 penetration ,metal penetration夾渣結(jié)疤 scabs ,expansion scabs , corner scab表面粗糙 rough casting ,rough surface鼠尾 buckle , rattail涂料結(jié)疤 blacking scab ,wash scabs烘干不足 sever surfac

10、e ,wash scabs熟痕 surfacedefect cast ing by comb in atio n of gas and shri nkage（在靠近厚斷面處形成下陷的蛇狀傷痕）涂料剝落wash erosion氣皰 blister ,surface or subsurface blow hole表面粗糙 rough surface ,seems , scars起皮 stripping剝落結(jié)疤 pull down ,spalling scab傷痕 crow ' s feet麻面 pittingsurface , orange peel , alligator skin熱裂痕

11、 surface folds, gas runs泡疤表面 surface folds ,gas runs象皮狀皺皮 surface fold , gasrun , elephant skin皺皮 surface fold, gas run , seams , scare , flow marks波紋wave沖砂wash沖蝕 erosionI. 組織缺陷（鑄鐵）球化不良 poor nodularity, degenerated graphite蠕墨化不良 degeneratedgraphite異常石墨 abnormalgraphite開花狀石墨 exploded graphite過冷石墨 und

12、er cooledgraphite , D-type graphite石墨細(xì)小顆粒chunky graphite石墨粗大 kish graphite ,kish整列石墨 aligned graphite石墨漂浮 floated graphite石墨魏氏組織 Widmannstattengraphite麻口 mottled cast iron , mottle灰點(diǎn)mottle反麻口 in verse mottle （與麻口相反，在薄斷面處和尖角處形成的麻口）白口 chill反白口 reverse chill , inverse chill冷豆 extruded bead , exudation

13、internal sweating 退火不足 miss ann eali ng , in complete ann eali ng 粗大枝晶組織coarsened dendritic 反偏析 inverse segregation 比重偏析 gravity segregation 溶質(zhì)偏析 solute segregation 宏觀偏析 macroscopic segregation 微觀偏析 microscopic segregationJ. 斷口缺陷表面鐵素體ferrite rim表面珠光體pearlite rim白緣，脫碳 pearlitic rim , picture frame ,

14、pearlitelayer 不均勻斷口 heterogeneous fractured surface 破碎激冷層 scattered chill structure , cold flakes 晶粒粗大 rough grain尖釘狀斷口 spiky fractured surface冰糖狀斷口 rock candy fracture surfaceK. 力學(xué)性能缺陷硬點(diǎn)hard spot （對(duì)鑄件，硬點(diǎn)是硬區(qū)、白口或冷豆等力學(xué)性能缺陷 的總稱；對(duì)鋁合金，硬點(diǎn)是鑄件內(nèi)各種高硬度相，如初晶 Si相、金 屬間化合物、氧化物，偏析等總稱）硬度不良 poor hardness , too high or lowhardnessL. 使用性能缺陷腐蝕性不良 poor corrosi on resista nee切肖U性不良 poor maehinability麻點(diǎn) torn surface鋅晶間腐蝕 zinc intergranular corrosion電導(dǎo)率不良 poor electrical conductivityM. 其他缺陷殘留飛翅residual fin殘留黑皮 residualblack skin澆道冒口斷口缺肉 broken casting at gate , riser or vent端部缺肉in side cut切口缺肉（壓鑄件）in side cut翹曲（噴