鐵路術(shù)語(中英文)

1、一、一般名詞術(shù)語 General 1、車輛的種類 鐵道車輛 rolling stock, railway vehicle, railway car 客車 carriage, passenger car 貨車 wagon, freight car 特種車 special car 鋼木車 steel-wood car 全金屬車 all metal car 全鋼車 all steel car 二軸車 two-axle car 四軸車 four-axle car 六軸車 six-axle car 轉(zhuǎn)向架式車 bogie car 關(guān)節(jié)式車 articulated car 動車 motor-car 拖車

2、trailer 控制車 controlling car 動車組 powered car train-set 合造車 combined car 簡易客車 simply equipped coach 代用客車 substitute passenger car 雙層客車 double-deck coach 母車 car with axle generator 子車 car without axle generator 座車 seat coach 硬座車 semi-cushioned seat coach 軟座車 cushioned seat coach, soft seat coach 臥車 sle

3、eping car 硬臥車 semi-cushioned berth sleeping car 軟臥車 cushioned berth sleeping car 餐車 dining car 行李車 luggage van,baggage car 郵政車 mail van,postal car 了望車 observation car 公務(wù)車 service car,private car 文教車 culture and education car 醫(yī)療車 hospital car 衛(wèi)生車 ambulance car 試驗車 test car 維修車 maintenance car 宿營車 dor

4、mitory van,train crew car 軌道檢查車 track inspection car 軌道探傷車 rail faults detection car 隧道攝影車 tunnel-photographing car限界檢查車 structure gauge detection car 檢衡車 track scale test car 發(fā)電車 generator car 鍋爐車 boiler car 救援車 relief car 敞車 open-top car,gondola car 棚車 covered wagon,box car 平車 flat car 罐車 tank car

5、 守車 caboose, brake van 煤車 coal car 砂石車 gravel car 礦石車 ore car 漏斗車 hopper car 水泥車 cement car 保溫車 thermal car 隔熱車 insulated-cover wagon,insulated box car 加冰冷藏車 ice-cooled refrigerator car 冷凍板冷藏車 eutectic-ice-cooled refrigerator car 加溫車 heater car冷藏加溫車 refrigerator and heater car 機械冷藏車 mechanical refri

6、gerator car 單節(jié)機械冷藏車 mono-unit mechanical refrigerator car 機冷貨物車 mechanical refrigerator freight car 機冷發(fā)電車 mechanical refrigerator generating car 機械冷藏車組 mechanical refrigerator car train-set 通風車 ventilated car 家畜車 live stock car, stock car 活魚車 fish car零擔辦公車 office car for peddler train 毒品車 posion car

7、 集裝箱車 container car長大貨物車 heavy-duty car,high capacity car 凹底平車 depressed center flat car 落下孔車 well car, well-hole car 雙聯(lián)平車 twinned flat car 鉗夾車 schnabel car 自動傾翻車 side dump car 除雪車 sweeper, snow plow 長鋼軌車組 long rail car train-set 電站車組 power station car train set 車輛縱向 longitudinal direction of car 車輛

8、橫向 transverse direction of car 車端 end of car一位端 “ B” end of car 二位端 “A ” end of car 一位側(cè) No.1 position side 二位側(cè) No. 2 position side 軸位 position of axle 輪位 position of wheel 梁位 position of sill 車鉤中心線高 hright fron top of rail to coupler center 車輛長度 length of car 車輛寬度 width of car 車輛最大寬度 max. width of c

9、ar 車輛高度 height of car 車輛最大高度 max. height of car 車體長度 length over ends of car body 底架長度 length of underframe 罐體長度 length of tank barrek 車體寬度 width over sides of car body 底架長度 underframe width 車體內(nèi)長 inside length of car body 車體內(nèi)寬 inside width of car body 車體內(nèi)側(cè)面高 inside height of car body 車體內(nèi)中心高 inside h

10、eight from floor to roof centre 地板面高 height of floor from rail top 車輛定距（心盤中心距）length between bogie pivot centers車輛全軸距 total wheel base of car 車輛定距比 ratio of car body length to length between bogie centres 換長 equivalent length 旁承間隙 side bearing clearance 自重 tare weight 載重 loading capacity 整備品重 servic

11、ing weight 總重 gross weight 自重系數(shù) coefficient of tare weight, tare-to-load capacity 每延米重 load per meter of track 簧上重量 suspended weight, weight above spring 簧下重量 non-suspended weight, weight under spring 構(gòu)造速度 design speed 通過最小曲線半徑 min. radius of curvature negotiated 動力系數(shù) coefficient of kinetic force 振動

12、舒適度 comfortable quality of vibration 平穩(wěn)性指標（振動舒適度指標） index of running stability 傾復穩(wěn)定性 security of over turing from track 脫軌穩(wěn)定性 security of derailment6、其他 空車 empty car 軸數(shù) number of axle 車輛標記 lettering and marking of car 車輛型號 model of car 車輛號碼 serial number of car 定員 seating capacity 技術(shù)履歷簿 technical an

13、cestry book 吊 hanger 卡 clamp,clip 吊卡 anchor,suspension 座 seat,rest,bracket 吊座 hanger bracket 托 carrier,support,bearer 環(huán) ring 鏈 chain 連接板 connecting plate 補強板 reinforcing plate 筋板 rib 隔板 partion plate 撐板 staying plate 托板 supporting plate 固定板 fastening plate 壓板 pressing plate 吊板 hanging plate 支承板 bear

14、ing plate 墊板 shim,pad 調(diào)整板 adjusting plate 限制板 locating plate 擋板 baffle plate 防跳板 anticreep plate 護板 shield plate 防塵板 dust guard plate 磨耗板 wear plate 防火板 fireproof plate 蓋板 cover plate 腹板 web plate 翼板 flange plate 地板 floor plate 頂板 roof plate 墻板 side plate 裝飾板 decorating plate 飾帶板 lining 根據(jù)位置不同所用板 pl

15、ate used in other place 節(jié)流板 moderating plate,limiting plate 墊 shim,pad,liner,washer 蓋 cap,cover,lid 閥 valve 體 body梁 girder， sill， beam， stringer 柱 post 斜撐 diagonal brace 壓條 cornice，molding ， treadle bar 承木 wooden parting stringer， nailing strip 隔熱材料 heat-insulating material二 走行裝置 running gear1 一般 走行

16、裝置 running gear 轉(zhuǎn)向架 bogie， truck 二軸轉(zhuǎn)向架 two-axle bogie 三軸轉(zhuǎn)向架 three-axle bogie 組合轉(zhuǎn)向架 combination bogie 導框式轉(zhuǎn)向架 pedestal bogie 導框式轉(zhuǎn)向架 non-pedestal bogie 導框式轉(zhuǎn)向架 pedestal bogie 整體側(cè)架轉(zhuǎn)向架 bogie with integral box side frame 構(gòu)架 frame， bogie structure 側(cè)架 bogie side frame 輪對 wheel set 有箍車輪 tyred wheel 整體車輪 solid

17、 wheel 碾鋼車輪 wrought steel wheel， rolled steel wheel 軸箱 journal box 承載鞍 adapter 軸箱定位裝置 box guidance彈簧減振裝置 spring and vibration absorber device 彈簧懸掛裝置 suspension damper 彈簧裝置 spring device軸箱彈簧裝置 journal spring device 搖枕彈簧裝置 bolster spring device 軸箱彈簧 journal spring 搖枕彈簧 bolster spring 均衡彈簧 equalizer sp

18、ring 空氣彈簧 air spring 橡膠彈簧 rubber spring 第一系彈簧裝置 primary suspension 第二系彈簧裝置 secondary suspension 一系彈簧裝置 single-stage suspension 二系彈簧裝置 two-stage suspension 自動高度調(diào)整裝置 automatic height adjuster 減振器 vibration absorber 摩擦減振器 snubber 油壓減振器 hydraulic damper 旁承 side bearing 滑塊式旁承 sliding block side bearing 擺

19、塊式旁承 pendulum side bearing 滾子式旁承 roller side bearing 液壓旁承 hydraulic side bearing 氣液旁承 hydro-pneumatic side bearing 轉(zhuǎn)向架基礎(chǔ)制動裝置 bogie brake rigging 踏面制動 tread braking 盤形制動 disc braking, rotor braking 單側(cè)制動 single side braking 雙側(cè)制動 clasp braking 制動梁 brake beam 閘瓦 brake block, brake shoe 閘片 brake ling 中磷閘

20、瓦 medium phosphor brake shoe 高磷閘瓦 high phosphor brake shoe 合成閘瓦 composite brake shoe 制動盤 braking disc心盤面自由高 free height from rail top to centre plate wearing surface 轉(zhuǎn)向架對角線 bogie diagonal 軸距 wheel base 固定軸距 fixed or rigid wheel base轉(zhuǎn)向架全軸距 total wheel base of bogie assembly 輪對內(nèi)側(cè)距 distance between bac

21、ks of wheel rims 軸頸中心距 distance between acting centers of journal load 踏面 tread 踏面斜度 tread taper 踏面基點 taping point 滾動圓 rolling tread circle 車輪直徑 wheel diameter 輪箍厚度 tire thickness 輪輞內(nèi)側(cè)厚度 rim inside thickness 輪輞外側(cè)厚度 rim outside thickness 輪輞寬度 rim width 輪緣高度 flange height 輪緣高度測定線 flange base line 輪緣厚度

22、 flange thickness 輪轂直徑 diameter of boss輪轂厚度 boss thickness 軸箱導框間隙 pedestal clearance with pedestal guide 搖枕擋間隙 column guide cleatance with the column 軸載荷 axle loading force 軸荷重 axle load 軸重 wheel set load 心盤載荷 centre plate loading force 旁承載荷 side bearing loading force 斜對稱載荷 obliquely symmetrical loa

23、ding force 彈簧靜撓度 static deflection of spring 彈簧動撓度 dynamic deflection of spring 彈簧撓度裕量 surplus deflection of spring, reserve deflection of spring 撓度裕量系數(shù) reserve coefficient(or surplus factor) of spring deflection 轉(zhuǎn)向架扭曲剛度 bogie against distortion rigidity 摩擦減振器相對摩擦系數(shù) relative friction coefficient of

24、snubber 油壓減振器阻力系數(shù) damping coefficient of hydraulic damper 減振指數(shù) damping index 臨界阻尼值 critical damping value 脫軌系數(shù) coefficient of derailment 軸溫 axle temperature 輪緣垂直磨耗 vertical wear on flange 踏面擦傷 scotching on wheel tread 踏面剝離 flaking on wheel tread2、轉(zhuǎn)向架構(gòu)架 bogie structure 發(fā)電機吊架 genertor hanger support 緩

25、解彈簧座 release spring bracket 閘瓦托吊座 brake head hanger bracket 安全吊座 safety hanger bracket 固定支點座 fixed fulcrum bracket 端梁 end sill 側(cè)梁 side sill 縱向梁 longitudinal sill 輔助梁 auxiliary transom 搖枕吊耳 bolster hanger lug 橫梁 transom 閘瓦托吊耳 brake head hanger lug3 轉(zhuǎn)向架側(cè) bogie side frame 軸箱承臺 pedestal journal roof 上斜弦

26、梁 top oblique chord 檢查孔 inspection hole 斜楔擋 friction wedge stop 上弦梁 top chord立柱 column 軸箱擋 pedestal leg 制動梁滑槽 brake beam guide 下弦梁 bottom chord 彈簧承臺 spring seat 凸臍 spring seat boss 搖枕孔 bolster opening 下斜弦梁 bottom oblique chord 軸箱導框 pedestal4 搖枕及彈簧裝置 bolster and spring device 彈簧托梁 spring plank carrie

27、r 搖枕吊 bolster hanger 搖枕吊銷 bolster hanger pin 搖枕吊銷座 bolster hanger pin seat 油壓減振動器 hydraulic damper, oil damper 彈簧夾板 spring button 搖枕彈簧(外圈) bolster spring(outer) 搖枕彈簧(內(nèi)圈) bolster spring(inner) 下旁承體 bogie side bearing base 下旁承膠墊 bogie side bearing rubber pad 下旁承滑塊 bogie side bearing sliding block 搖枕擋

28、bolster guide 下心盤 bogie centre plate 中心銷 centre pin 搖枕 bolster 下旁承 bogie side bearing 橫向緩沖器 lateral buffer 橫向拉桿 lateral connecting rod 搖枕板彈簧 bolster double elliptic spring 彈簧托板 spring plank 安全吊 safety hanger 搖枕吊軸 bolster hanger shaft5 搖枕 bogie bolster 斜楔摩擦面 bolster friction wedge pocket slope 凸臍 spr

29、ing seat boss 心盤安裝面 centre plate location 排水孔 draining hole 中心銷孔 centre pin hole 固定杠桿支點安裝面 dead lever fulcrum bracket location 下旁承座 bogie side bearing seat 搖枕擋 column guide6，7 輪對軸箱及彈簧裝置 wheel set， journal box and spring device后擋板 rear guard 油卷 lubricating pad 前枕 front guard 軸箱蓋 box lid 軸瓦墊 journal b

30、earing wedge 軸箱體 journal box body 軸瓦 journal bearing 防塵板 dust guard， dust shield 車軸皮帶輪 axle belt pulley 車軸 axle 車輪 wheel 防塵擋圈 dust guard ring 滾動軸承 roller bearing 彈簧支柱 spring guide-post 定位套 locating bush 軸箱彈簧 journal spring 支持環(huán) spring guide 緩沖膠墊 rubber pad 軸箱后蓋 journal box rear cover 軸箱體 journal box

31、body 緊定螺母 set nut 防松板 locking plate 軸箱前蓋 journal box frim cover 均衡彈簧座 equalizing spring seat 軸箱導框 pedestal 均衡彈簧(內(nèi)圈、中圈、外圈) equalizing spring(inner, intermediate, outer) 均衡梁 equalizer 軸箱托板 journal box tie bar 軸箱導框磨耗板 pedestal wear plate8 輪對 wheel set車軸 axle 車輪輪箍 tire, tyre 車輪扣環(huán) retaining ring 車輪輪心 whe

32、el centre 整體車輪 solid wheel9 車軸 axle中心孔 centre hole 軸頸前肩 hournal front fillet軸頸后肩 journal rear fillet 輪座前肩 wheel seat front fillet 輪座后肩 wheel seat rear fillet 軸中央部 axle middle portion 軸身 axle body 輪座 wheel seat 防塵板座 dust guard seat 軸頸 journal 軸領(lǐng) collar10 整體車輪 solid wheel輻板 web plate 輪緣 flange 輪轂孔 whe

33、el hub bore 輪轂 hub， boss 輪輞 rim 踏面 thread 輻板孔 web plate hole11 軸箱體 journal box body前壁 front wall 內(nèi)頂 journal box roof 軸箱口 journal box opening 雨檐 eaves 瓦墊擋 journal bearing wedge stopper 承臺座 pedestal seat 底部 bottom 排水槽 draining slot 軸箱蓋耳孔座 journal box hinge lug 后壁 rear wall 防塵板槽 dust guard slot 瓦耳擋 bea

34、ring lug guard 側(cè)壁 side wall 導槽 pedestal guide12 油壓減振器 hydraulic damper壓板 pressing plate 膠墊 rubber fitting 墊板 pad 套 sleeve 密封蓋 seal cap密封圈 seal ring 密封襯墊 seal ring retainer 螺母 nut 密封彈簧 seal spring 導向套 guide bush 缸端蓋 cylinder end cap 缸體 cylinder body 防塵罩 dust protector 活塞 piston 芯閥 key valve 閥套 valve bush 閥座 valve seat 閥瓣 valve clack 進油閥座 oil inlet valve seat 儲油缸 oil storage cylinder13 轉(zhuǎn)向架基礎(chǔ)制動裝置 bogie brake rigging制動梁 brake beam 制動梁緩解彈簧 brake beam release spring 閘瓦托吊 brake head hanger 固定杠桿 dead lever