非謂語動詞之過去分詞

1、2021/3/91主語、賓語、表語、定語、賓語補足語2021/3/92Ving時態(tài)時態(tài)語態(tài)語態(tài)Vingbeing donehaving donehaving been done2021/3/93to do時態(tài)時態(tài)語態(tài)語態(tài)to doto be doneto be doingto have doneto have been done2021/3/94done時態(tài)時態(tài)語態(tài)語態(tài)done2021/3/95 The robbers are using a stolen car. The firemen were rescuing the people trapped in the fire. He loo

2、ked worried after reading the letter. The cup is broken.5. He managed to make himself understood.6. They considered the matter solved. 7. The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. 8. Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful. 9. Written in a hurry, this art

3、icle was not so good! 10. He stood there silently, moved to tears.以上劃線部分在句中的成分（主、謂、賓、表、定、狀、補）以上劃線部分在句中的成分（主、謂、賓、表、定、狀、補）在句在句1&2中充當：中充當：_在句在句3&4中充當：中充當：_在句在句5&6&7中充當：中充當：_在句在句8&9&10中充當：中充當：_2021/3/962021/3/972021/3/98單個過去分詞單個過去分詞，常放在被修飾詞的前面，常放在被修飾詞的前面,作作前置前置定語定語The lost child

4、was found at last.The excited people rushed into building.Lost time can never be found again.過去分詞短語過去分詞短語，常放在被修飾詞的后面，作，常放在被修飾詞的后面，作后后置定語置定語The child lost in the park was found at last.The meeting, attended by a lot of people, was a success2021/3/99如果單個的過去分詞所修飾的詞是代詞如果單個的過去分詞所修飾的詞是代詞those或是不定代詞時，通常過去分

5、詞要放在被修飾或是不定代詞時，通常過去分詞要放在被修飾的詞之后。的詞之后。There is almost nothing changed since I left the town two years ago.自從我兩年前離開以來，這個鎮(zhèn)幾乎沒有什么自從我兩年前離開以來，這個鎮(zhèn)幾乎沒有什么變化。變化。Everything used should be marked所有用過的東西應該做好標記。所有用過的東西應該做好標記。2021/3/910及物動詞及物動詞的過去分詞作定語時，表示的過去分詞作定語時，表示被動的、完成被動的、完成 a damaged bridge 一座被毀壞的橋一座被毀壞的橋 ic

6、ed beer 冰凍啤酒冰凍啤酒 _ 被污染的空氣和水被污染的空氣和水 _ 熟食熟食不及物動詞不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語時，只表示的過去分詞作定語時，只表示完成完成，不，不表示被動意義表示被動意義 the risen sun升起的太陽升起的太陽 a retired teacher 一位退休的教師一位退休的教師 _ 落葉落葉 _ 開水開水cooked foodpolluted air and water fallen leavesboiled water2021/3/911及物動詞的過去分詞及物動詞的過去分詞作定語用來表示被動作定語用來表示被動,可改可改為帶為帶被動語態(tài)的定語從句被動語態(tài)的定語從

7、句He didnt turn up at the meeting held yesterday.I found it hard to understand the English spoken by native villagers.不及物動詞的過去分詞不及物動詞的過去分詞(僅限于不能后置的單個僅限于不能后置的單個過去分詞過去分詞)則表示完成則表示完成,可改為帶可改為帶有完成時態(tài)的定語有完成時態(tài)的定語從句從句We drank some boiled water and went on with our work. (which was)(that was)(=which had boiled

8、)2021/3/912These female pigs are cloned. So we call them _ pigs.These female pigs are cloned. So we call them pigs _.that/which are clonedclonedScientific experiments which are carried out by students can be dangerous. Scientific experiments _by students can be dangerous. carried out2021/3/9132021/3

9、/9141. 過去分詞作表語，可以看作是過去分詞作表語，可以看作是過去分詞的形容詞化過去分詞的形容詞化，說明的是主語在說明的是主語在該動作完成后所處的狀態(tài)該動作完成后所處的狀態(tài)，也有一定的，也有一定的被動意味。其被動意味。其前可有前可有quite, very, rather等修飾詞等修飾詞。常見的作表語的過去分詞如常見的作表語的過去分詞如:closed(關閉的關閉的)； lost(丟失的丟失的)； known(著名的著名的) married(已婚的已婚的)；gone(遺失的遺失的)； worried(擔憂的擔憂的)； interested(感興趣的感興趣的) tired(疲勞的疲勞的) ple

10、ased(高興的高興的)； surprised(吃驚的吃驚的); 2021/3/915He _ _ after reading the letter看完信后看完信后, 他看起來擔憂。他看起來擔憂。He _ _ _ at the idea聽到這個想法聽到這個想法, 他似乎相當高興。他似乎相當高興。I _ _ _ at the news聽了這消息我非常高興。聽了這消息我非常高興。looked worriedseemed quite delightedwas very pleased2021/3/916 be 動詞： 表示保持：感官系動詞：表象系動詞：變化系動詞：終止系動詞：am, is, are,

11、 was, were,beenkeep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand seem, appear, look feel, smell, sound, taste become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, prove, turn out 2021/3/9172021/3/918能用作賓語補足語的過去分詞一般都是能用作賓語補足語的過去分詞一般都是及物動詞及物動詞, ,表示表示被動意義或已完成意義被動意義或已完成意義, ,有有時候兩者兼而有之。時候兩者兼而有之。作賓語補足語的過去分詞與賓語有邏輯作賓語補足語的過去分詞與賓語有邏輯

12、上的上的動賓動賓關系關系, ,即賓語是過去分詞動作的即賓語是過去分詞動作的對象。對象。2021/3/9191.介詞介詞+賓語賓語+賓補賓補with, without + n. + 動詞過去分詞動詞過去分詞With many flowers planted around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden.周圍種了許多花周圍種了許多花, 他的房子看上就像一座漂亮的花園。他的房子看上就像一座漂亮的花園。 They left without a dish touched.他們離開時一盤菜都沒碰。他們離開時一盤菜都沒碰。The _

13、 _ _ _ his works _.這位偉大的作家逝世時作品未完成。這位偉大的作家逝世時作品未完成。_ _ _ _ _ _ his hands _ behind his back.小偷被帶進來了小偷被帶進來了, 雙手被反綁在后面。雙手被反綁在后面。 great writer died with unfinishedThe thief was brought in with tied2021/3/9202. 主語主語+謂語謂語+賓語賓語+動詞過去分詞動詞過去分詞(賓語補足語賓語補足語)在這一結構中在這一結構中, 動詞過去分詞和它前面的賓語動詞過去分詞和它前面的賓語構成邏輯上的構成邏輯上的被動被

14、動關系。關系。如果這種句子改為被動語態(tài)如果這種句子改為被動語態(tài),原來的賓語補足語原來的賓語補足語變成了主語補足語。變成了主語補足語。2021/3/9211.表表“希望希望”、“意愿意愿” 、“愛憎愛憎”、“要求要求”的動詞：的動詞：want, wish, expect, like, hate, order + 賓語賓語 + (to be) doneI _ _ _ _ on Sunday.我想在星期天完成工作。我想在星期天完成工作。I _ _ _ _ before five oclock.我希望在我希望在5點之前完成我的作業(yè)。點之前完成我的作業(yè)。He wont _ such _ _ at the

15、 meeting.他不喜歡這樣的問題在會上討論。他不喜歡這樣的問題在會上討論。Jim _ _ _ _.Jim要求房間被打掃。要求房間被打掃。能接過去分詞做賓語補足語的動詞有能接過去分詞做賓語補足語的動詞有want the work finished wish my homework finishedlike questions discussedordered the room cleaned2021/3/9222.表感覺或思維活動的動詞表感覺或思維活動的動詞(短語短語)：feel, hear, listen to, see, watch, look at, observe, notice,

16、find, think, consider + 賓語賓語 + 動詞過去分詞動詞過去分詞_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.我們看到小偷被警察抓。我們看到小偷被警察抓。_ _ _ _ _.人們發(fā)現水被污染了。人們發(fā)現水被污染了。_ _ the matter _他們認為這問題解決了。他們認為這問題解決了。主語主語+謂語謂語+賓語賓語+動詞過去分詞動詞過去分詞(賓語補足語賓語補足語)We saw the thief caught by the policePeople found the water pollutedThey thought settled2021/3/923get, have, mak

17、e, keep, leave3.表示表示“致使致使”意義的動意義的動詞詞_ _ _ _ _ _ _.他昨天拔了牙。他昨天拔了牙。_ _ _ _ _ once a month我每個月理一次發(fā)。我每個月理一次發(fā)。_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. 你應該說大聲點讓別人聽到。你應該說大聲點讓別人聽到。He couldnt keep his eyes shut to all this.他無法無視對這一切。他無法無視對這一切。Dont leave those things undone.不要留那些事情不處理。不要留那些事情不處理。主語主語+謂語謂語+賓語賓語+動詞過去分詞動詞過去分詞(賓語補足語賓語補足語

18、)He got his tooth pulled out yesterdayI have my hair cutYou should speak louder to make yourself heard2021/3/924動詞過去分詞充當賓語補足語動詞過去分詞充當賓語補足語1). As he knows very little English, he finds it difficult to make himself _. (understand)2). I _ yesterday. (寄信）寄信）3). You must make yourself when you talk in fr

19、ont of the class. （hear)4). After the robbery, they found the windows _.(break) 5). You mustnt make the secret between us _to the public. (know) understoodhad my letter deliveredheardbrokenknown2021/3/925The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _the next year.Acarry out Bcarrying

20、outCcarried out Dto carry outHelen had to shout _ above the sound of the music. (2004高考廣西卷高考廣西卷) making herself hear B. to make herself hearC. making herself heard D. to make herself heard2021/3/9262021/3/927過去分詞作狀語，表明動作發(fā)生的過去分詞作狀語，表明動作發(fā)生的時間、條件、原因、時間、條件、原因、讓步、伴隨情況讓步、伴隨情況等，表示被動或完成。等，表示被動或完成。表示表示時間時間Se

21、en from the space, the earth looks blue.表示表示條件條件Kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.表示表示原因原因Deeply moved by the story, the children began to cry.表示表示伴隨情況伴隨情況表示表示讓步讓步She walked out of the house, followed by her little daughter.Beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret

22、.2021/3/928有些過去分詞(短語) 作狀語時不表動作而表狀態(tài)。這樣的過去分詞(短語) 常見的有:lost (迷路); seated (坐); absorbed in (全神貫注于); dressed in (穿著); tired of (厭煩)等。Absorbed in deep thought, he didnt hear the sound. 因為沉浸在思考之中, 所以他沒聽到那個聲音。2021/3/929有時為了加強時間，條件或讓步的意味，還可有時為了加強時間，條件或讓步的意味，還可保留連詞，構成保留連詞，構成“連詞連詞+過去分詞過去分詞”結構作狀結構作狀語語_ _ a medi

23、cal examination, you should keep calm. 當你做體格檢查時要保持鎮(zhèn)定。當你做體格檢查時要保持鎮(zhèn)定。_ _ _ the opposite team, the players didnt lose heart.盡管這些球員被對方球隊打敗了，但他們并沒盡管這些球員被對方球隊打敗了，但他們并沒有灰心。有灰心。When givenThough beaten by2021/3/930過去分詞作狀語，過去分詞作狀語，邏輯主語邏輯主語是是主句的主語主句的主語。邏輯主語。邏輯主語與分詞之間是被動關系與分詞之間是被動關系Seen from the space, the eart

24、h looks blue.Deeply moved by the story, the children began to cry.Beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret.2021/3/931表示表示時間時間,可換成可換成when, while, after等引導的時間狀等引導的時間狀語從句語從句Seen from the space, the earth looks blue.When it is seen from space, the earth looks blue.表示表示條件條件,可換成可換成if, once或或u

25、nless等引導的條件主語從句等引導的條件主語從句Kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.If they are kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.2021/3/932表示表示原因原因,可換成可換成because, as, since等引導的原因狀語從句等引導的原因狀語從句表示表示伴隨情況伴隨情況,可換成可換成and連接的并列句連接的并列句表示表示讓步讓步,可換成可換成although/though引導的讓步狀語從句引導的讓步狀語從句Deep

26、ly moved by the story, the children began to cry.As they were deeply moved, the children began to cry.She walked out of the house, followed by her little daughter.She walked out of the house, and was followed by her little daughter.Beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret.Although he wa

27、s beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret.2021/3/933作定語作定語現在分詞：現在分詞：過去分詞：過去分詞： 不定式：不定式：doing:表示主動，正在進行的動作表示被動，完成將要發(fā)生的主動動作；作狀語作狀語表示主動，進行表示被動，完成表示目的現在分詞：現在分詞：過去分詞：過去分詞：不定式：不定式：being done:表示被動，正在進行的動作2021/3/934 When first _ (introduce) myself to my parents-in-law, I felt a bit nervous. Wh

28、en first _ (introduce) to the market, these products enjoyed great success. _(catch) the first train for Shanghai, I got up early this morningintroducedintroducingTo catch2021/3/935It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when_ at the meeting by my boss. A questioningB have questioned C questionedD

29、to be questionedWhenever I am in trouble , I will lock myself alone at home , always _myself many whys. (question)questioning1). by the beauty of nature , the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm . 2). _a large number of people, the show was indeed a great success.AAttracting BAttracted CTo be attracted DHaving attracted BA2021/3/936boiling waterboiled waterfallen trees/ leavesescaped animalsa retired presidentfalling