sap日常維護(hù)管理手冊

1、SAP系統(tǒng)日常管理1 系統(tǒng)監(jiān)視1.1 進(jìn)程監(jiān)視§SM66/SM50進(jìn)程查看管理員需全天監(jiān)看系統(tǒng)的進(jìn)程。長時(shí)間運(yùn)行的后臺(tái)工作，有缺陷的報(bào)表程序，若不進(jìn)行控制都將消耗掉大量的系統(tǒng)資源。管理員用這個(gè)事務(wù)碼檢查他們的環(huán)境。當(dāng)然，在殺掉這些進(jìn)程前，需要與最終用戶協(xié)商。1.2 服務(wù)器監(jiān)視§ SM51R/3服務(wù)器的列表可用SM51顯示，管理員用它來監(jiān)視不同服務(wù)器之間的工作進(jìn)程。想要顯示某一服務(wù)器的進(jìn)程，鼠標(biāo)指針點(diǎn)中服務(wù)器的名稱，然后選Processes。§ RZ20CCMS監(jiān)控雙擊要查看的菜單項(xiàng)，檢查系統(tǒng)收集的監(jiān)控信息，遇到報(bào)警和錯(cuò)誤信息要查清原因，找出解決辦法。1.3 用戶監(jiān)

2、視§SM04用戶監(jiān)視管理員應(yīng)該考慮全天監(jiān)視用戶僅他們的活動(dòng)。是否有非法用戶？是否有用戶試圖或正在用他們不該用的事務(wù)碼，等等。1.4 性能監(jiān)視4 ST03工作量分析世上沒有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的替代品。當(dāng)需要調(diào)R/3系統(tǒng)的性能的時(shí)候是很痛苦的事情。管理員應(yīng)該保留盡可能多的工作量分析數(shù)據(jù)，特別是系統(tǒng)沒用性能問題時(shí)候的數(shù)據(jù)。擁有一副系統(tǒng)工作正常時(shí)的清晰的系統(tǒng)圖，將使你具有對你的系統(tǒng)的不可估量的感覺，這種感覺將使你能預(yù)見到將要發(fā)生的問題，并且很多時(shí)候可以避免問題的發(fā)生。5 ST02緩存分析R/3的緩存存儲(chǔ)經(jīng)常用到的數(shù)據(jù)，以使本地應(yīng)用服務(wù)器的實(shí)例能取得這些數(shù)據(jù)。這樣就可以減少數(shù)據(jù)庫的訪問，數(shù)據(jù)庫的負(fù)載，網(wǎng)絡(luò)的

3、流量，從而提高系統(tǒng)的性能。數(shù)據(jù)緩存中包括了ABAP/4程序，屏幕，ABAP/4字典數(shù)據(jù)和公司的數(shù)據(jù)，這些數(shù)據(jù)在系統(tǒng)操作過程中是不會(huì)改變的。我們應(yīng)該經(jīng)常的監(jiān)視緩存、點(diǎn)擊率、剩余空間、交換區(qū)。此進(jìn)程可以幫助管理員作性能調(diào)整。6 SP12TemSe管理管理員要檢查文件系統(tǒng)和數(shù)據(jù)庫空間的增長，尤其是批量打印大量數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)。TemSe的一致性檢查(RSPO0043)需要計(jì)劃每天在打印池重新整理(RSPO0041)之前執(zhí)行。1.5 更新記錄§SM13更新記錄此事務(wù)碼顯示失敗的更新動(dòng)作。失敗的更新動(dòng)作在生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)中是決不允許發(fā)生的，一旦發(fā)生，開發(fā)人員應(yīng)馬上修改。1.6 鎖定對象§SM12鎖定對

4、象用戶總是會(huì)時(shí)不時(shí)的因?yàn)槟撤N原因(如斷線，程序出錯(cuò)等等)而鎖定一個(gè)對象。所有被鎖定的老的對象均要被分析，更正。1.7 出錯(cuò)分析§ST22出錯(cuò)分析當(dāng)一個(gè)報(bào)表或事務(wù)因?yàn)閲?yán)重的錯(cuò)誤而停止工作時(shí)，ABAP/4開發(fā)工作臺(tái)就會(huì)發(fā)出一個(gè)“突然出錯(cuò)”(shortdump)。系統(tǒng)在系統(tǒng)日志中記錄錯(cuò)誤信息，并在表SNAP中記錄程序終止時(shí)的出錯(cuò)信息。管理員需要每天檢查是否有shortdump出現(xiàn)，如果有則分析并試圖解決問題。1.8 系統(tǒng)日志§SM21系統(tǒng)日日志R/3服務(wù)器在系統(tǒng)日志中記錄系統(tǒng)的事件和問題。所有的警告和錯(cuò)誤信息應(yīng)被分析和解決。此程序應(yīng)包括將問題及其解決方案做成文檔。1.9 數(shù)據(jù)庫4

5、 DB13定義DATABASE相關(guān)的日常后臺(tái)job,如：數(shù)據(jù)庫備份，CHECKDATABASE,OBTIMIZERSTATISTICSUPDATE等等，也可查看DATABASE相關(guān)后臺(tái)作業(yè)的LOG.5 DB12SAPDBA日志檢查夜間備份是否成功。檢查日志目錄的剩余空間。6 DB02存儲(chǔ)管理監(jiān)控?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫的擴(kuò)長。監(jiān)控表和索引的擴(kuò)長及碎片的情況。如有必要監(jiān)控?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫的優(yōu)化統(tǒng)計(jì)。7 ST02監(jiān)控SAPR/3BUFFER狀況每天監(jiān)控SAPR/3各種BUFFER的命中率，比如:ROLLMEMORY,EXTENDMEMORY,HEAPMEMORY，TABLEBUFFER,ABAPPROGRAMBUFFER等等

6、。8 ST04數(shù)據(jù)庫性能監(jiān)控每天監(jiān)控?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫的性能統(tǒng)計(jì)值以觀察數(shù)據(jù)庫是否處于良好的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)。每天監(jiān)控對數(shù)據(jù)庫邏輯上和物理上的讀，以追蹤數(shù)據(jù)庫負(fù)載的發(fā)展情況。如：DATABUFFER命中率，SHAREMEMORY命中率等等和數(shù)據(jù)庫性能密切相關(guān)的重要參數(shù)值。9 ST06監(jiān)控操作系統(tǒng)資源狀況每天察看ST06用以掌握系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行過程中整個(gè)操作系統(tǒng)資源狀況，如：CPU使用率，內(nèi)存使用率，PAGESPACE使用率等等。10 AL02數(shù)據(jù)庫警報(bào)監(jiān)視所有的警告均需被分析，修正和記錄在案。1.10 操作系統(tǒng)§OS06操作系統(tǒng)監(jiān)視所有的警告均需被分析，修正和記錄在案。§AL16操作系統(tǒng)警報(bào)監(jiān)視所有的

7、警告均需被分析，修正和記錄在案。1.11網(wǎng)絡(luò)§ST09/ST08網(wǎng)絡(luò)警報(bào)監(jiān)視所有的警告均需被分析，修正和記錄在案。2工作定時(shí)系統(tǒng)§SM37工作日志查看管理員應(yīng)該檢查所有被取消的工作，如有必要分析并修正這些工作。問題及其解決方案需記錄在案。管理器應(yīng)該檢查所有的日志，包括輸出列表§RZ01圖形化的工作監(jiān)視3 打印系統(tǒng)§SP01打印需求查看失敗的打印任務(wù)可以從新啟動(dòng)。這些打印任務(wù)的失敗往往是用戶端的問題（如PC上的SAPLPD程序被關(guān)閉了）。由于R/3系統(tǒng)僅跟蹤打印任務(wù)到目標(biāo)隊(duì)列中，輸出控制器中的已經(jīng)完成的狀態(tài)并不能表明實(shí)際打印成功，因此那些比較重要和大量的打

8、印任務(wù)在被從TemSe中刪除前必須先確認(rèn)是否完成。4 系統(tǒng)變更檢查4.1 DB03數(shù)據(jù)庫參數(shù)修改記錄監(jiān)控所有R/3系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)庫參數(shù)的修改。管理員要經(jīng)常檢查參數(shù)是否由經(jīng)授權(quán)的的用戶修改。4.2 TU02R/3系統(tǒng)參數(shù)修改記錄R/3系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控所有R/3系統(tǒng)參數(shù)的修改。即使不是每天檢查，系統(tǒng)管理員人要確認(rèn)參數(shù)的調(diào)整是在艘全的情況下調(diào)整地。4.3 OS03操作系統(tǒng)參數(shù)變更R/3系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控所有操作系統(tǒng)參數(shù)的修改。系統(tǒng)管理員可以定期檢查參數(shù)的調(diào)整是在授權(quán)的情況下進(jìn)行的。5常用事務(wù)代碼及菜單路徑Trans-actionTitleMenuPathSM50WorkProcessOverviewTools->Ad

9、ministration->Monitoring->Systemdmonitoring->ProcessoverviewSM04UserListTools->Administration->Monitoring->Systemmonitoring->UseroverviewAL08UsersLoggedOnTools->Administration->Monitor->Performance->Exceptions/Users->Activeusers->Users,globalSM02SystemMessagesT

10、ools->Administration->Administration->SystemMessagesAL11DisplaySAPDirectoriesTools->CCMS->ControlMonitoring->PerformanceMenu->Exceptions/Users->Exceptions->SAPdirectoriesST11DisplaySideloperTracesTools->Administration->Monitor->Traces->SideloperTracesSSAASystem

11、AdministrationAssistantTools->Administration->Monitor->SystemAdministrationAssistant(SAA)RZ10MaintenanceofProTools->CCMS->Configuration->ProRZ11ProMaintenanceRZ04MaintenanceSAPInstancesTools->CCMS->Configuration->Operationmodes/instancesRZ03Presentation,ControlSAPInstances

12、Tools->CCMS->Control/Monitoring->ControlpanelRZ20CCMSMonitoringTools->CCMS->Control/Monitoring->AlertMonitorDB13DBAPlanningCalenderTools->CCMS->DBAdministration->DBAPlanningCalendarDB24DatabaseOperationsMonitorTools->CCMS->DBAdministration->OperationsMonitorDB20Ed

13、itDatabaseTools->CCMS->DBAdministration->Cost-basedoptimizer->CreatestatisticsStatisticsDB21ChangeDBOptimizerControlTools->CCMS->DBAdministration->Cost-basedoptimizer->ConfigurationST04DBPerformanceAnalysisTools->Administration->Monitor->Performance->Database->

14、ActivityDB02AnalyzeTablesandIndicesTools->Administration->Monitor->Performance->Database->Tables/indexesDB03ParameterChangesinDBTools->Administration->Monitor->Performance->Database->ParameterchangesRZ20CCMSMonitoringTools->CCMS->Control/Monitoring->AlertMonito

15、rDB13,DBAPlanningCalenderTools->CCMS->DBAdministration->DBAPlanningCalendarDB24DatabaseOperationsMonitorTools->CCMS->DBAdministration->OperationsMonitorDB20EditDatabaseStatisticsTools->CCMS->DBAdministration->Cost-basedoptimizer->CreatestatisticsDB21ChangeDBOptimizerCon

16、trolTools->CCMS->DBAdministration->Cost-basedoptimizer->ConfigurationDBPerformanceAnalysisTools->Administration->Monitor->Performance->Database->ActivityDB02AnalyzeTablesandIndicesTools->Administration->Monitor->Performance->Database->Tables/indexesDB03Param

17、eterChangesinDBTools->Administration->Monitor->Performance->Database->ParameterchangesSM36DefineanewjobSystem->Services->Jobs->DefinejoborTools->CCMS->Jobs->DefinitionSM37MonitorjobsSystem->Services->Jobs->JobovervieworTools->CCMS->Jobs->Maintenance

18、RZ01GraphicaljobmonitorTools->CCMS->Control/Monitoring->Jobschedul.MonitorSM69DefineanexternalcommandTools->CCMS->Configuration->ExternalCommandsSM49ExecuteexternalOScommandTools->CCMS->Jobs->ExternalCommandsSTMSTransportManagementSystemTools->Administration->Transpo

19、rts->TransportManagementSystemSCC4ClientMaintenanceTools->Administration->Administration->ClientAdministration->ClientMaintenanceSCCLLocalCopyTools->Administration->Administration->ClientAdministration->ClientCopy->LocalCopySPRO_ADMINProjectManagementTools->Accelerat

20、edSAP->Customizing->ProjectManagementSE10CustomizingOrganizerTools->AcceleratedSAP->Customizing->CustomizingOrganizerSE09WorkbenchOrganizerTools->ABAPWorkbench->Overview->WorkbenchOrganizerSU01'UserMaintenanceTools->Administration->UserMaintenance->UsersPFCGActiv

21、ityGroupMaintenanceTools->Administration->UserMaintenance->ActivityGroups(UserRoles)SUIMCallAUTHReportingTree(InfoSys)Tools->Administration->UserMaintenance->Users->Information->InformationSystemSU22MaintainAssignmentofAuthorizationObjectstoTransactionsSU24MaintainAssignmento

22、fAuthorizationObjectstoTransactionsTools->Administration->UserMaintenance->ActivityGroups(UserRoles)->Environment->CheckindicatorSU25Pro:UpgradeandFirstInstallationTools->Administration->UserMaintenance->ActivityGroups(UserRoles)->Environment->Installation/UpgradeSCUMCe

23、ntralUserAdministrationDistributionModelAssignmentTools->Administration->UserMaintenance->CentralUserAdministration->LogsforCentralUserAdministration->Environment->ModelSelectionSU53DisplayCheckObjectifNotAuthorizedSystem->Utilities->DisplayAuthorizationCheckSU56Authorization

24、sintheUserBufferforLogged-onUserTools->Administration->Monitor->UserBufferST01.SystemTrace,ools->Administration->Monitor->Traces->SystemTraceSPADSpoolAdministrationTools->CCMS->Spool->SpooladministrationSP01ListofspooloroutputrequestsSystem->Services->Outputcontro

25、llerorTools->CCMS->Spool->OutputcontrollerDB02AnalyzeTablesandIndicesTools->CCMS->Control/Monitoring->PerformanceMenu->Database->Tables/IndicesDB15DataArchiving:DatabaseTablesTools->Administration->Administration->Archiving->DBtablesAOBJArchivingobjectdefinitionRZ

26、20CCMSMonitoringTools->CCMS->ControlMonitoring->AlertmonitorRZ21CCMSMonitoringArchitectureCustomizingTools->CCMS->Configuration->AlertmonitorSMGWGatewayMonitorTools->Administration->Monitor->SystemMonitoring->GatewaymonitorSM21SystemLogTools->Administration->Monit

27、or->SystemlogSM50WorkProcessOverviewTools->Administration->Monitor->SystemMonitoring->ProcessOverviewSM51SAPserversTools->Administration->Monitor->SystemMonitoring->ServersSM66'SystemwideWorkProcessOverviewTools->Administration->Monitor->Performance->Except

28、ions/Users->ActiveUsers->AllprocessesSM04UserlistTools->Administration->Monitor->SystemMonitoring->UserOverviewAL08UsersLoggedOnTools->Administration->Monitor->Performance->Exceptions/Users->ActiveUsers->Users,globalSMLGMaintainLogonGroupsTools->CCMS->Config

29、uration->LogongroupsSM12SelectLockEntriesTools->Administration->Monitor->LockentriesSM13UpdateRecordsTools->Administration->Monitor->UpdateST22ABAPdumpanalysisTools->Administration->Monitor->DumpanalysisST03WorkloadAnalysisTools->CCMS->ControlMonitoring->Perfor

30、manceMenu->Workload->AnalysisAL11DisplaySAPDirectoriesTools->CCMS->ControlMonitoring->PerformanceMenu->Exceptions/Users->Exceptions->SAPdirectoriesST11'DisplaySideloperTracesTools->Administration->Monitor->Traces->SideloperTracesST01SystemTrace,ools->Admini

31、stration->Monitor->Traces->SystemTraceST02TuneSummaryTools->CCMS->Control/Monitoring->PerformanceMenu->Setup/Buffers->BuffersDB02AnalyzeTablesandIndicesTools->CCMS->Control/Monitoring->PerformanceMenu->Database->Tables/IndicesDB12DBBackupMonitorTools->CCMS-&

32、gt;DBAdministration->BackupLogsDB13DBAPlanningCalenderTools->CCMS->DBAdministration->DBAPlanningCalendarST04DBPerformanceAnalysisTools->Administration->Monitor->Performance->Database->ActivityST06OperatingSystemMonitorTools->Administration->Monitor->Performance-&g

33、t;OperatingSystem->local->activity1系統(tǒng)監(jiān)視1.1 進(jìn)程監(jiān)視§SM66/SM50進(jìn)程查看管理員需全天監(jiān)看系統(tǒng)的進(jìn)程。長時(shí)間運(yùn)行的后臺(tái)工作，有缺陷的報(bào)表程序，若不進(jìn)行控制都將消耗掉大量的系統(tǒng)資源。管理員用這個(gè)事務(wù)碼檢查他們的環(huán)境。當(dāng)然，在殺掉這些進(jìn)程前，需要與最終用戶協(xié)商。1.2 服務(wù)器監(jiān)視§ SM51R/3服務(wù)器的列表可用SM51顯示，管理員用它來監(jiān)視不同服務(wù)器之間的工作進(jìn)程。想要顯示某一服務(wù)器的進(jìn)程，鼠標(biāo)指針點(diǎn)中服務(wù)器的名稱，然后選Processes。§ RZ20CCMS監(jiān)控雙擊要查看的菜單項(xiàng)，檢查系統(tǒng)收集的監(jiān)控信息

34、，遇到報(bào)警和錯(cuò)誤信息要查清原因，找出解決辦法。1.3 用戶監(jiān)視§SM04用戶監(jiān)視管理員應(yīng)該考慮全天監(jiān)視用戶僅他們的活動(dòng)。是否有非法用戶？是否有用戶試圖或正在用他們不該用的事務(wù)碼，等等。1.4 性能監(jiān)視§ST03工作量分析世上沒有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的替代品。當(dāng)需要調(diào)R/3系統(tǒng)的性能的時(shí)候是很痛苦的事情。管理員應(yīng)該保留盡可能多的工作量分析數(shù)據(jù)，特別是系統(tǒng)沒用性能問題時(shí)候的數(shù)據(jù)。擁有一副系統(tǒng)工作正常時(shí)的清晰的系統(tǒng)圖，將使你具有對你的系統(tǒng)的不可估量的感覺，這種感覺將使你能預(yù)見到將要發(fā)生的問題，并且很多時(shí)候可以避免問題的發(fā)生。§ST02緩存分析R/3的緩存存儲(chǔ)經(jīng)常用到的數(shù)據(jù)，以使本地應(yīng)用

35、服務(wù)器的實(shí)例能取得這些數(shù)據(jù)。這樣就可以減少數(shù)據(jù)庫的訪問，數(shù)據(jù)庫的負(fù)載，網(wǎng)絡(luò)的流量，從而提高系統(tǒng)的性能。數(shù)據(jù)緩存中包括了ABAP/4程序，屏幕，ABAP/4字典數(shù)據(jù)和公司的數(shù)據(jù)，這些數(shù)據(jù)在系統(tǒng)操作過程中是不會(huì)改變的。我們應(yīng)該經(jīng)常的監(jiān)視緩存、點(diǎn)擊率、剩余空間、交換區(qū)。此進(jìn)程可以幫助管理員作性能調(diào)整。§SP12TemSe管理管理員要檢查文件系統(tǒng)和數(shù)據(jù)庫空間的增長，尤其是批量打印大量數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)。TemSe的一致性檢查(RSPO0043)需要計(jì)劃每天在打印池重新整理(RSPO0041)之前執(zhí)行。1.5更新記錄§SM13更新記錄此事務(wù)碼顯示失敗的更新動(dòng)作。失敗的更新動(dòng)作在生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)中是決不允

36、許發(fā)生的，一旦發(fā)生，開發(fā)人員應(yīng)馬上修改。1.6 鎖定對象§SM12鎖定對象用戶總是會(huì)時(shí)不時(shí)的因?yàn)槟撤N原因(如斷線，程序出錯(cuò)等等)而鎖定一個(gè)對象。所有被鎖定的老的對象均要被分析，更正。1.7 出錯(cuò)分析§ST22出錯(cuò)分析當(dāng)一個(gè)報(bào)表或事務(wù)因?yàn)閲?yán)重的錯(cuò)誤而停止工作時(shí)，ABAP/4開發(fā)工作臺(tái)就會(huì)發(fā)出一個(gè)“突然出錯(cuò)”(shortdump)。系統(tǒng)在系統(tǒng)日志中記錄錯(cuò)誤信息，并在表SNAP中記錄程序終止時(shí)的出錯(cuò)信息。管理員需要每天檢查是否有shortdump出現(xiàn)，如果有則分析并試圖解決問題。1.8 系統(tǒng)日志§SM21系統(tǒng)日日志R/3服務(wù)器在系統(tǒng)日志中記錄系統(tǒng)的事件和問題。所有的警告

37、和錯(cuò)誤信息應(yīng)被分析和解決。此程序應(yīng)包括將問題及其解決方案做成文檔。1.9 數(shù)據(jù)庫4 DB13定義DATABASE相關(guān)的日常后臺(tái)job,如：數(shù)據(jù)庫備份，CHECKDATABASE,OBTIMIZERSTATISTICSUPDATE等等，也可查看DATABASE相關(guān)后臺(tái)作業(yè)的LOG.5 DB12SAPDBA日志檢查夜間備份是否成功。檢查日志目錄的剩余空間。6 DB02存儲(chǔ)管理監(jiān)控?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫的擴(kuò)長。監(jiān)控表和索引的擴(kuò)長及碎片的情況。如有必要監(jiān)控?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫的優(yōu)化統(tǒng)計(jì)。7 ST02監(jiān)控SAPR/3BUFFER狀況每天監(jiān)控SAPR/3各種BUFFER的命中率，比如:ROLLMEMORY,EXTENDMEMORY,H

38、EAPMEMORY，TABLEBUFFER,ABAPPROGRAMBUFFER等等。8 ST04數(shù)據(jù)庫性能監(jiān)控每天監(jiān)控?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫的性能統(tǒng)計(jì)值以觀察數(shù)據(jù)庫是否處于良好的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)。每天監(jiān)控對數(shù)據(jù)庫邏輯上和物理上的讀，以追蹤數(shù)據(jù)庫負(fù)載的發(fā)展情況。如：DATABUFFER命中率，SHAREMEMORY命中率等等和數(shù)據(jù)庫性能密切相關(guān)的重要參數(shù)值。9 ST06監(jiān)控操作系統(tǒng)資源狀況每天察看ST06用以掌握系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行過程中整個(gè)操作系統(tǒng)資源狀況，如：CPU使用率，內(nèi)存使用率，PAGESPACE使用率等等。10 AL02數(shù)據(jù)庫警報(bào)監(jiān)視所有的警告均需被分析，修正和記錄在案。1.10 操作系統(tǒng)§ OS06操作系統(tǒng)

39、監(jiān)視所有的警告均需被分析，修正和記錄在案。§ AL16操作系統(tǒng)警報(bào)監(jiān)視所有的警告均需被分析，修正和記錄在案。1.11 網(wǎng)絡(luò)§ST09/ST08網(wǎng)絡(luò)警報(bào)監(jiān)視所有的警告均需被分析，修正和記錄在案。2 工作定時(shí)系統(tǒng)§ SM37工作日志查看管理員應(yīng)該檢查所有被取消的工作，如有必要分析并修正這些工作。問題及其解決方案需記錄在案。管理器應(yīng)該檢查所有的日志，包括輸出列表§ RZ01圖形化的工作監(jiān)視3 打印系統(tǒng)§SP01打印需求查看失敗的打印任務(wù)可以從新啟動(dòng)。這些打印任務(wù)的失敗往往是用戶端的問題（如PC上的SAPLPD程序被關(guān)閉了）。由于R/3系統(tǒng)僅跟蹤打印任

40、務(wù)到目標(biāo)隊(duì)列中，輸出控制器中的已經(jīng)完成的狀態(tài)并不能表明實(shí)際打印成功，因此那些比較重要和大量的打印任務(wù)在被從TemSe中刪除前必須先確認(rèn)是否完成。4 系統(tǒng)變更檢查4.1 DB03數(shù)據(jù)庫參數(shù)修改記錄監(jiān)控所有R/3系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)庫參數(shù)的修改。管理員要經(jīng)常檢查參數(shù)是否由經(jīng)授權(quán)的的用戶修改。4.2 TU02R/3系統(tǒng)參數(shù)修改記錄R/3系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控所有R/3系統(tǒng)參數(shù)的修改。即使不是每天檢查，系統(tǒng)管理員人要確認(rèn)參數(shù)的調(diào)整是在艘全的情況下調(diào)整地。4.3 OS03操作系統(tǒng)參數(shù)變更R/3系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控所有操作系統(tǒng)參數(shù)的修改。系統(tǒng)管理員可以定期檢查參數(shù)的調(diào)整是在授權(quán)的情況下進(jìn)行的。5常用事務(wù)代碼及菜單路徑Trans-actionT

41、itleMenuPathSM50WorkProcessOverviewTools->Administration->Monitoring->Systemdmonitoring->ProcessoverviewSM04'UserListTools->Administration->Monitoring->Systemmonitoring->UseroverviewAL08UsersLoggedOnTools->Administration->Monitor->Performance->Exceptions/Users

42、->Activeusers->Users,globalSM02SystemMessagesTools->Administration->Administration->SystemMessagesAL11'DisplaySAPDirectoriesTools->CCMS->ControlMonitoring->PerformanceMenu->Exceptions/Users->Exceptions->SAPdirectoriesST11DisplaySideloperTracesTools->Administra

43、tion->Monitor->Traces->SideloperTracesSSAASystemAdministrationAssistantTools->Administration->Monitor->SystemAdministrationAssistant(SAA)RZ10MaintenanceofProTools->CCMS->Configuration->ProRZ11ProMaintenanceRZ04MaintenanceSAPInstancesTools->CCMS->Configuration->Ope

44、rationmodes/instancesRZ03Presentation,ControlSAPInstancesTools->CCMS->Control/Monitoring->ControlpanelRZ20CCMSMonitoringTools->CCMS->Control/Monitoring->AlertMonitorDB13DBAPlanningCalenderTools->CCMS->DBAdministration->DBAPlanningCalendarDB24DatabaseOperationsMonitorTools-

45、>CCMS->DBAdministration->OperationsMonitorDB20EditDatabaseStatisticsTools->CCMS->DBAdministration->Cost-basedoptimizer->CreatestatisticsDB21ChangeDBOptimizerControlTools->CCMS->DBAdministration->Cost-basedoptimizer->ConfigurationST04DBPerformanceAnalysisTools->Adm

46、inistration->Monitor->Performance->Database->ActivityDB02AnalyzeTablesandIndicesTools->Administration->Monitor->Performance->Database->Tables/indexesDB03ParameterChangesinDBTools->Administration->Monitor->Performance->Database->ParameterchangesRZ20CCMSMonito

47、ringTools->CCMS->Control/Monitoring->AlertMonitorDB13DBAPlanningCalenderTools->CCMS->DBAdministration->DBAPlanningCalendarDB24DatabaseOperationsMonitorTools->CCMS->DBAdministration->OperationsMonitorDB20EditDatabaseStatisticsTools->CCMS->DBAdministration->Cost-bas

48、edoptimizer->CreatestatisticsDB21ChangeDBOptimizerControlTools->CCMS->DBAdministration->Cost-basedoptimizer->ConfigurationDBPerformanceAnalysisTools->Administration->Monitor->Performance->Database->Activity.AnalyzeTools->Administration->Monitor->Performance->

49、;Database->Tables/indexDB02TablesandIndicesesDB03ParameterChangesinDBTools->Administration->Monitor->Performance->Database->ParameterchangesSM36DefineanewjobSystem->Services->Jobs->DefinejoborTools->CCMS->Jobs->DefinitionSM37MonitorjobsSystem->Services->Jobs

50、->JobovervieworTools->CCMS->Jobs->MaintenanceRZ01GraphicaljobmonitorTools->CCMS->Control/Monitoring->Jobschedul.MonitorSM69,DefineanexternalcommandTools->CCMS->Configuration->ExternalCommandsSM49ExecuteexternalOScommandTools->CCMS->Jobs->ExternalCommandsSTMSTra

51、nsportManagementSystemTools->Administration->Transports->TransportManagementSystemSCC4ClientMaintenanceTools->Administration->Administration->ClientAdministration->ClientMaintenanceSCCLLocalCopyTools->Administration->Administration->ClientAdministration->ClientCopy-&

52、gt;LocalCopySPRO_ADMINProjectManagementTools->AcceleratedSAP->Customizing->ProjectManagementSE10CustomizingOrganizerTools->AcceleratedSAP->Customizing->CustomizingOrganizerSE09WorkbenchOrganizerTools->ABAPWorkbench->Overview->WorkbenchOrganizerSU01UserMaintenanceTools->

53、Administration->UserMaintenance->UsersPFCGActivityGroupMaintenanceTools->Administration->UserMaintenance->ActivityGroups(UserRoles)SUIMCallAUTHReportingTree(InfoSys)Tools->Administration->UserMaintenance->Users->Information->InformationSystemSU22MaintainAssignmentofAuth

54、orizationObjectstoTransactionsSU24MaintainAssignmentofAuthorizationObjectstoTransactionsTools->Administration->UserMaintenance->ActivityGroups(UserRoles)->Environment->CheckindicatorSU25Pro:UpgradeandFirstInstallationTools->Administration->UserMaintenance->ActivityGroups(User

55、Roles)->Environment->Installation/UpgradeSCUMCentralUserAdministrationDistributionModelAssignmentTools->Administration->UserMaintenance->CentralUserAdministration->LogsforCentralUserAdministration->Environment->ModelSelectionSU53DisplayCheckObjectifNotAuthorizedSystem->Uti

56、lities->DisplayAuthorizationCheckAuthorizationTools->Administration->Monitor->UserBufferSU56sintheUserBufferforLogged-onUserST01SystemTrace-ools->Administration->Monitor->Traces->SystemTraceSPADSpoolAdministrationTools->CCMS->Spool->SpooladministrationSP01Listofspool

57、oroutputrequestsSystem->Services->OutputcontrollerorTools->CCMS->Spool->OutputcontrollerDB02AnalyzeTablesandIndicesTools->CCMS->Control/Monitoring->PerformanceMenu->Database->Tables/IndicesDB15'DataArchiving:DatabaseTablesTools->Administration->Administration-

58、>Archiving->DBtablesAOBJArchivingobjectdefinitionRZ20CCMSMonitoringTools->CCMS->ControlMonitoring->AlertmonitorRZ21CCMSMonitoringArchitectureCustomizingTools->CCMS->Configuration->AlertmonitorSMGWGatewayMonitorTools->Administration->Monitor->SystemMonitoring->Gate

59、waymonitorSM21SystemLogTools->Administration->Monitor->SystemlogSM50WorkProcessOverviewTools->Administration->Monitor->SystemMonitoring->ProcessOverviewSM51SAPserversTools->Administration->Monitor->SystemMonitoring->ServersSM66SystemwideWorkProcessOverviewTools->A

60、dministration->Monitor->Performance->Exceptions/Users->ActiveUsers->AllprocessesSM04,UserlistTools->Administration->Monitor->SystemMonitoring->UserOverviewAL08UsersLoggedOnTools->Administration->Monitor->Performance->Exceptions/Users->ActiveUsers->Users,globalSMLGMaintainLogonGroupsTools->CCMS->Configuration->LogongroupsSM12SelectLockEntriesTools->Administration->Monitor->LockentriesSM13UpdateRecordsTools->Administration->Monitor->UpdateST22ABAPdumpanalysisTools->Ad