時(shí)間狀語從句講解和練習(xí)(答案)

1、時(shí)間狀語從句用句子表達(dá)一件事情或一個(gè)行為發(fā)生的時(shí)間，這個(gè)句子就叫時(shí)間狀語從句。時(shí)間狀語從句根據(jù)其所表示的時(shí)間不同，所使用的連詞也不同。下面我們一起來看一下幾個(gè)常見的時(shí)間狀語從句：1 when 引導(dǎo)的從句：表示主句的動(dòng)作和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，或從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前。例如： I was going out when a visitor came. (動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。) 我正要出門，有客人來訪。I shall tell her the good news when she comes.她來時(shí)，我將告訴她這個(gè)好消息。小試牛刀： I found mother cooking for me. I

2、 got home.(when)_He was listening to the radio when Ihome. (get)2 while引導(dǎo)的從句：表示“當(dāng) 過程中 ”，強(qiáng)調(diào)某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)主句和從句中謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作在同一時(shí)期發(fā)生。 由于 while從句表示一個(gè)持續(xù)的行為，所以從句中要用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，并且持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞常用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。例如： Keep an eye on my little sister while I am away.我不在時(shí)，請(qǐng)照看一下我的小妹妹。While we were watching TV, Jim came in.我們看電視的時(shí)候，Jim 進(jìn)來了。小試牛刀： It

3、 started to rain. We were playing football.(while)_Lucy was cleaning the roomLily was listening to music.3 as 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句：表示 “當(dāng) 的時(shí)候；一邊 一邊 ；隨著 ”，其從句的主語與主句的主語往往是同一人或物。例如： She sang as she worked.她一邊工作一邊唱歌。=She was singing as she was working.I saw him as he was getting off the bus.正當(dāng)他下公共汽車時(shí), 我看見了他。小試牛刀：we

4、 walked, we talked.You will grow wiseryou grow older.4 before引導(dǎo)的從句：一般表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之前。例如： I didn t know any English before I came here.我到這兒來之前，一點(diǎn)英語都不懂。例如： I had written my report before my father came back.小試牛刀： He bought the tickethe went to see the film.5 after 引導(dǎo)的從句：表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之后。例如： After he

5、locked the door, he left.他鎖上門后，就走了。After he had finished his work, he played a game of chess with his friend.他做完工作后，和朋友下了一盤棋。小試牛刀： I will go out to play basketball with you. I finish my homework.(after)_He left the classroomhe had finished his homework the other day.6since引導(dǎo)的從句：表示“自從 以來 ”，從句中的動(dòng)詞一般表示

6、動(dòng)作的起點(diǎn)，用過去時(shí)。主句中的動(dòng)詞表示動(dòng)作延續(xù)的情況，一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如果主句中的動(dòng)詞表示的不是延續(xù)的動(dòng)作而是表示目前的狀態(tài)，可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如： Since he met this good friend, he has made great progress in his studies.1自從遇見了這個(gè)好朋友，他已在學(xué)習(xí)上取得了巨大的進(jìn)步。例如：It is twenty years since she joined the Party.她入黨二十年了。（主句中的動(dòng)詞表示的是狀態(tài)，用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。）小試牛刀： it is five years since welast time. （ mee

7、t ）Mr green has taught in that school since he(come)to China three years ago.7 until引導(dǎo)的從句：表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作持續(xù)到某一時(shí)刻。（ 1）表示 “直到 ”，如果主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表達(dá)的意思不同。（ 2）表示 “直到 才 ”，主句用否定式， 從句用肯定。 如果主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞是瞬間動(dòng)詞時(shí)，必須用否定形式。例如： They worked until it was late.他們一直工作到天黑。She didn t go to bed until she finished her h

8、omework.她寫完作業(yè)才睡覺。小試牛刀： All the people left. He waited.(until)_He went to bed . his father came home._8 as soon as引導(dǎo)的從句表示“一 就 ”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作緊密相連。例如： As soon as she came to the classroom, she began to read English.她一到教室，就開始讀英語。小試牛刀： We start to sing. It''s 12 o''clock. (as soon as)_9. by the t

9、ime到。為止(所在句子的主句應(yīng)用完成時(shí))例如： By the time he gets there , his father has already gone.他到家的時(shí)候，他爸爸已經(jīng)走了。小試牛刀： By the time I got to school, the class. （ begin ）我到校時(shí)，已經(jīng)開始上課了。知識(shí)擴(kuò)展1. it is + 時(shí)間段 +since+ 一般過去時(shí)（從。 。以來多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了）例如： it is five years since we met last time.從我們上次見面已經(jīng)五年了。2. it is/ will be +時(shí)間段 +before+一般現(xiàn)

10、在時(shí)， it was+ 時(shí)間段+before+ 一般過去時(shí)(。才 )例如： it is a long time before I go to sleep .過了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間我才睡著。it was an hour before the police arrived.過了一個(gè)小時(shí)，警察才來。小試牛刀： It_(be) ten years since we _(leave) that city .It is reported that it may be two or three months_it is possible to test this medicine on animalsHow long

11、 do you think it will be _ China sends a manned spaceship to the moon？3、 when 和 while的區(qū)別連詞區(qū)別when主從句同時(shí)發(fā)生、先后發(fā)生as主從句同時(shí)發(fā)生、一邊一邊、隨著while主從句同時(shí)發(fā)生然而、既然所接動(dòng)詞例句瞬間性動(dòng)詞、When you arrive in London, please give us a call.持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞When he was having his lunch, he heard the door bell ring.持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞As time went on, he grew more

12、 and more impatient.As we walked, we talked.持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞While she was reading a novel, her mother was cooking the dinner.Some people waste food while other haven tenough. I m going to the post office. While you re there, can you get me some stamps?4、巧記 10 個(gè)瞬間性動(dòng)詞在學(xué)習(xí)以when 和 while 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，用到了瞬間動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)動(dòng)詞。常見的瞬

13、間動(dòng)詞有die( 死 )， come( 來 )， go( 去)， eave( 離開 )， arrive( 到達(dá) )， begin( 開始 )， buy( 買 )， ,join( 加入 )，borrow( 借進(jìn)，借2出 )，return( 歸還 )等。這 10 個(gè)瞬間動(dòng)詞可用兩句口訣來幫助記憶 : 開始離去 ,借來還 , 出生入死 ,買到家。注釋 :1." 開始離去 ,借來還 "為 begin,leave,go,borrow,come,return六詞；2." 出生入死 ,買到家 "為 join,die,buy,arrive四詞。3.各詞改為相應(yīng)的延續(xù)動(dòng)詞

14、為：begin be on, leave be away from, borrow keep, go be, come be here, return be back, join be in, die be dead, buy have, arrive be here 等。 '5、狀語從句與主句的時(shí)態(tài)問題1.由 when 、while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的時(shí)態(tài)：（主過從過）主句（過去進(jìn)行時(shí)）+when + 從句（一般過去）主句（一般過去時(shí)）+when + 從句（過去進(jìn)行時(shí)）主句（一般過去時(shí)）+while + 從句（過去進(jìn)行時(shí)）主句（過去進(jìn)行時(shí)）+while + 從句（過去進(jìn)行時(shí)）注意：看

15、動(dòng)詞為短暫性動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞則用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。小試牛刀： Mother（ cook ） supper when I(get) home yesterday.Last Sunday I(meet) Lin Hong when I(walk) in the street.When the students(have ) a meeting, the teacher(come) in.While Han Meimei(sweep) the floor, Lucy(carry) water.2. 由 when 、 after 、before 、by the time引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的

16、時(shí)態(tài)：主句、從句的謂語動(dòng)詞都已完成，則先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用過去完成時(shí)，后發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用一般過去時(shí)。例如： After he had finished his work, he played a game of chess with his friend.小試牛刀： When they(get) to the cinema last light, the film(start).I(go) out with my friends after I(finish) all the homework last night.3.時(shí)間狀語從句與主句的時(shí)態(tài)不一致。（主將從現(xiàn)：主句用將來時(shí)，而時(shí)間狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

17、）小試牛刀： As soon as I reach Canada, Iyou up. (ring)I will call you as soon as Ithe result. (know)He _ (become) a solider when he _(grow) up .He _（wait ） until the rain _ .( stop)一、單項(xiàng)選擇。1 The meeting didn't start_ everyone was there.A. BecauseB. untilC. whyD. if2 The boy _ to bed _ his mother came

18、in.A. went not; untilB. didn't go; afterC. went; untilD. didn't go; until3 He _ wait until the rain _ .A won t, will stopB won t, stopC will, stopsD will, will stop4 As soon as Jane _ here, I ll post the letter to Mike.A leaveB will leaveC leavesD left5 It was already five o clock _ we got h

19、ome.A whenB whileC becauseD if36 I m going to the post office. _ you re there, can you get me some stamps?A AsB WhileC BecauseD If7 Joan and Maryhaven t seen each other_they left school five years ago.A asB beforeC afterD since8 I will let you know about it as soon as I _ the news.A will getB getsC

20、gotD get9. He _ back until the work _ done.A. isn't; will beB. isn't; isC. won't be; will beD. won't be; is10. I call the police for helpI saw the thief.A whileB beforeC as soon asD after11 They didn't start the work _ their teacher came back.A. untilB. whileC. as soon asD. if12.

21、 Tom will call me as soon as he _ Shanghai.A. arrivesB. will reachC. arrives inD. get to13. I'm sure he'll come to see me before he _ Beijing.A. will leaveB. is leavingC. leaveD. leaves14. I will tell him the news as soon as he_ back.A. comeB. comesC. will comeD. came15.I won't believe y

22、ou_ I have seen it with my own eyes.A. beforeB. untilC. afterD. when16. He _ home _ she was satisfied _ his answer yesterday.A. didn't go; until; withB. wasn't go; after; toC. doesn't go; before; withD. didn't go; until; to二、用方框中的單詞填空。when、 before 、 after、 as 、since 、 while 、 until、

23、as soon as1 Mum was making cookies in the kitchen _the telephone rang.2 I was watching TV _ my wife was cooking.3 He had worked in a factory for two years _ he went to college.4 I shall play chess with you _ I finish watching TV.5 He didn t get to the airport _ it was dark.6 She sang _ she went along.7 I haven t heard from him _ he went to America.8 We found the books two days _ he had gone away.三，完成句子。1.他進(jìn)來時(shí)，我在吃飯。， I was eating.2.我在那封信寄到之前去北京了。I had left for Beijing just.3.當(dāng)我在玩電腦游戲時(shí)，爸爸在聽音樂。Father was listeni