專八改錯(cuò)技巧總結(jié)

1、英語專八改錯(cuò)解題思路1.宏觀層面分析（1）句子結(jié)構(gòu)（理順整個(gè)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，必要時(shí)檢索上下文）（2）邏輯關(guān)系（關(guān)聯(lián)詞選擇：并列、遞進(jìn)、因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、假設(shè)、讓步等）（3）時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)（完成時(shí)和虛擬語氣是考查重點(diǎn)）2.微觀層面分析（1）缺漏（介詞、代詞、引導(dǎo)詞）（2）冗余（兩個(gè)主語、同義重復(fù)）（3）誤用（詞性、分詞、正反義、主被動(dòng)、形容詞和副詞級(jí)別）（4）一致性（名詞單復(fù)數(shù)、主謂一致、先行詞）（5）詞義與固定搭配3.注意事項(xiàng)（1）即使按照語感很快找到了疑似錯(cuò)誤，也要堅(jiān)持讀完全句再做判斷，可能會(huì)有新的發(fā)現(xiàn)。過于相信第一感覺而帶來的失分是劃不來的。（2）分兩次改比較合理，因?yàn)楫吘怪挥猩贁?shù)人能夠在第一遍看材料的

2、時(shí)候就找出所有的錯(cuò)誤，盡管這些錯(cuò)誤不見得隱藏得多深。（3）常考題型，高度警惕。冠詞：the變a,a變the,補(bǔ)the補(bǔ)a,刪a刪the,每年都玩的把戲。單復(fù)數(shù)：無非是his變their之類的，關(guān)鍵是細(xì)心。近義詞：例如distinct和distinctive,move和movement,interest和interests-反義詞：尤其看到dis,un,im,in,non之類的，更要琢磨一下。關(guān)聯(lián)詞：幾乎是保留節(jié)目,and,but,however,though,moreover,therefore-非謂語動(dòng)詞：見了ing想ed,見了ed想ing,就是這么賤。形容詞比較級(jí)：多半是把原形改為比較級(jí)。

3、考的頻率也蠻高的。虛擬語氣：注意一下還是比較容易看出來的，多長個(gè)心眼兒吧。It：有時(shí)要加，有時(shí)要?jiǎng)h，有時(shí)要變itself,總之多盯“它”幾眼。動(dòng)詞詞組：其實(shí)主要是介詞的問題，這個(gè)沒辦法臨時(shí)抱佛腳，要靠積累改錯(cuò)：1、改錯(cuò)雖然為主觀題，但錯(cuò)誤類型相對(duì)集中，可分為以下幾種情況：定冠詞：a,an,the誤用，甚至多出來；解決辦法：分析定冠詞的主語及上下文有無指代；級(jí)：分兩類錯(cuò)誤，第一種是原級(jí)用成比較級(jí)，比較級(jí)用成最高級(jí)，反之亦然。有一種除外，是兩者比較誰最好，可以用最高級(jí)；第二種是意思相反，如most改為least;連詞錯(cuò)誤：也分兩種，第一種為連詞誤用，應(yīng)該表示轉(zhuǎn)折的用成了并列，比如while改為an

4、d;第二種為近義詞。在不同語境中用However,Nonetheless,比用but更合適，更合乎語法；（與邏輯關(guān)系也有關(guān)，看上下文，聯(lián)系語境）詞性錯(cuò)誤：多出現(xiàn)為形容詞轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楦痹~，反之亦然；也有可能是限定，如adv.+adj.+n.,如下所說；形容詞改為動(dòng)詞或名詞等，多出現(xiàn)在一詞多性的情況下；形容詞限定錯(cuò)誤：出現(xiàn)在adj.+adj.+n.要知道第1個(gè)adj.是限定第2個(gè)adj.還是限定n.；若是限定第2個(gè)adj.，大多改為副詞adv.;搭配錯(cuò)誤：多為介詞搭配錯(cuò)誤，如insomeextent改為to,relyin改為on等；也有搭配詞沒有給出，需要自己添加，比如define.as;詞義錯(cuò)誤：比如

5、：ratherthan改為otherthan;（此項(xiàng)比較難）近義形容詞錯(cuò)誤：例如：respective,respectable,respectful,respecting,respected;（此項(xiàng)比較難）缺失：例如thefact后面直接接了句子，中間缺少that,表明同位關(guān)系；多余：有的地方莫名其妙多出一個(gè)詞，多為介詞，是沒有用的；詞義相反：多出現(xiàn)在形容詞，需要在前面添加或去掉in-,im-,ir-,un-等否定前綴；主動(dòng)被動(dòng)：分析主語與謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯關(guān)系是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)，多出現(xiàn)在分句中；三單：主語與謂語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，主語是否為不可數(shù)名詞，是的話如何判斷謂語動(dòng)詞是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，還是有特殊用法

6、；時(shí)態(tài)：現(xiàn)在時(shí)用為過去式，或者進(jìn)行時(shí)用成了現(xiàn)在時(shí)等；定語從句用錯(cuò)先行詞：which用成了that;難點(diǎn)兒的比如：forwhich用成了which,要知道forwhich=why,in/atwhich=where;還有什么情況下必須用that,比如人和物搭配，序數(shù)詞，theone,theonly,不缺任何成分，有否定詞，有all等；以下八大高頻考點(diǎn)的分類出自華研專八人文知識(shí)與改錯(cuò)，現(xiàn)將八大類錯(cuò)誤整理如下，主要包括：1.短語搭配錯(cuò)誤；2.易混詞錯(cuò)誤；3.邏輯關(guān)系錯(cuò)誤；4.代詞錯(cuò)誤（一致錯(cuò)誤）；5.冠詞錯(cuò)誤；6.形容詞和副詞使用錯(cuò)誤；7.成分殘缺或冗余；8.動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)或語態(tài)錯(cuò)誤。筆者認(rèn)為這八類錯(cuò)誤基本

7、涵蓋了改錯(cuò)考試中出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤，首先了解錯(cuò)誤類型，對(duì)應(yīng)對(duì)改錯(cuò)具有重要意義。另外，筆者在總結(jié)華研專八人文知識(shí)與改錯(cuò)和星火專八改錯(cuò)滿分突破60篇兩本練習(xí)冊(cè)中近100篇改錯(cuò)題的基礎(chǔ)上，搜集其中出現(xiàn)的所有典型錯(cuò)誤例子（語法詞匯類錯(cuò)誤居多）,并根據(jù)所屆錯(cuò)誤類型整理如下。（注意：帶一的表示前邊的是錯(cuò)誤的，后邊的是改正之后的；其他的沒有正確錯(cuò)誤之分）短語搭配錯(cuò)誤（大部分為介詞錯(cuò)誤）carry/getwiththings>carry/getonwiththingstoletalone>letaloneinreturnto->inreturnfortheneedof->theneedfors

8、ubstituteAwithB>substituteAforBaccount70%->accountfor70%underthegroundsof/that->onthegroundsof/thatattitudeonlife->attitudetowards/tolifeinaquickspeed->ataquickspeedwithmanyrespects->inmanyrespectsatthefaceof->intheface(s)ofconsiderationsto->considerationsforbecomevictimsof-&

9、gt;becomevictimsto-rideinatrain->rideonatraintheproblemswiththegovernmentresistiveagainstresistivetoembarksth->embarkonsth->theproblemsforthegovernmentresistanceofresistancetowiththebeliefthat->inthebeliefthatatadvanceofsth->inadvanceofsthinterpret-to->interpret-asinlineto->inli

10、newithtovaringdegrees->invaringdegreestakeprideoftakeprideinleapouttome->leapoutatmeinjectthemlethalstrains>injectthemwithlethalstrainschargehimwiththesameprice令chargehimthesamepriceimbalanceofAandB->imbalancebetweenAandBshortageofproteinwiththem->shartageofproteinamongthemfortifysbfo

11、rsth->fortifysbagainststh（加強(qiáng)-以抵御）shedlighttosth>shedlightonsthinproportionwithinproportiontopayforitwithdollars>payforitindollarsbeinlibertyto->beatlibertytobeginatdoing>beginwithdoingbecontrastedto>becontrastedwithcommitanoffenceto->commitanoffenceagainstmoderntime->modernti

12、mesabilityof（doing）sth>abilityin（doing）sthdefendsthagainst>defendsthfromatthefirstplace->inthefirstplacepaymoneyindoing->paymoneyfordoingtaketodo->taketodoing（求助于，開始"，to為介詞）yearnto->yearnforataverage->onaverageidentifyoneselfto->identifyoneselfwithbesuccessfulondoing->

13、;besuccessfulat/indoinggetone'steethon->getone'埋sebthlhtS（故）theactionofformation->theactionofforming（of后應(yīng)接動(dòng)名詞而非名詞）approachtodo->approachtodoingonecontributorofonecontributortoconsumersdemandofluxurygoods->consumersdemandforluxurygoodsonone's30s->inone'bask3tos->balk

14、at（回避，繞過）differAfromB->distinguishAfromBsuittosb/sth>suitforsb/sthvaryby-varywithemphasisof-emphasison易混詞錯(cuò)誤（1）形近異義詞imaginative-imaginaryadapt-adoptconfirm-conformformer-formaldiary-dairypersonal-personnelbeside-besidesprincipal-principleintelligent-intelligibleconscious-conscientiousstationary

15、-stationeryconsiderate-considerableaffect（影響）-effect（致使、達(dá)成）contact-contractmoral-moraleindustrious-industrialdesert-dessertrequire-acquire-inquirepresence-presentationsensible-sensitivetransformation-transmissionvalue-evaluatetense-tensionanything-somethingcooker-cookcomplexity（復(fù)雜性）-complex（合成體）insu

16、rance-assuranceprovide（提供）-provided/providing（假設(shè)，如果）perceive-conceiveeffective（有效的）-affective（受影響的，由引起的）（2）形近（形異）近義詞latter-laterlate（退的，已故的）-latest（最晚的，最新的）farther（距離更遠(yuǎn)）-further（程度更進(jìn)一步）healthy（健康的）-healthful（有益健康的）effective-efficientcontinual（連續(xù)的）-continuous（持續(xù)不斷的）respectable-respectfulhistoric-hist

17、oricalrise-arise-raise-arousesure-insure-ensure-assureinreturnto-inresponsetoopposite-oppositionproducing-productivelonely-aloneacross-crossimpressed-impressivepermit（n.通行證）-permissionrelating-relatedmemorizing-memorablenormal（n.常態(tài)，通常標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，一般水平）-norm（規(guī)范，行為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）favorite-favorableacceptability-acceptanceec

18、onomical-economicfew-littleafew-fewlittle-alittleinvent-discoverbefore-agoanother-otheragent（代理人）-agency（代理機(jī)構(gòu)）reward（回饋）-award（獎(jiǎng)賞）special-specific（3）兼有兩種形式的副詞firstly-first（firstly用于列舉條目或者表示順序，first表示時(shí)間上第一次、首次"）hardly（幾乎不）-hard（努力地）sure-surelylate-latelyclear（完全地、徑直地）-clearly（顯然、清楚地）high（高度高地）-h

19、ighly（程度高地、非常）close（接近地、緊密地）-closely（緊密地、嚴(yán)密地）most（最）-most（大部分）反義詞with-withoutpossible-impossiblesubjective-objectiveimport-exportbetter-worseemployee-employeremployment-unemploymentmodifiable-unmodifiablenatural-unnaturaldiscernable-indiscernablelent-borrowedexclusive-inclusiveindependency-dependenc

20、ywilling-unwillingnothingmorethan-nothinglessthanagree-disagreerarely-frequently/oftenspecific-generalless-more（stillmore-stillless）most-leastknown-unknownrespective-irrespective（irrespectiveof表示不管"）majority-minorityresultin-resultfromfortunately-unfortunatelypowerful-powerlesseasiness-uneasine

21、ssprofessional-amateuraware-unawareinclude-exclude（5）名詞單復(fù)數(shù)異義moral-morals（作名詞時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示道德、倫理”）collection（不可數(shù)名詞表示各種因素集合體”）colections（可數(shù)名詞表示收藏品"）manner（方法，方式）-manners（禮儀，禮節(jié)）saving-savings（復(fù)數(shù)表示存款"）specie（硬幣）-species（種類）（species只有單數(shù)）mean（n.平均值）-means（方法）（6）易混短語livewith（同一起生活，忍受）-liveby（靠過活）goabo

22、ut（doing）sth（開始做某事，四處走動(dòng)，流傳，經(jīng)常從事于）-goaround（四處走動(dòng)，繞道走）tendto-intendtoinnextweek（以當(dāng)下時(shí)間為基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)）-inthenextweek（以過去的時(shí)間為基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)）spend-indoingsthspendonsthdieof（內(nèi)部）-diefrom（夕卜部）ratherthan-otherthanhavesbdosth-havesthdonetakeon（從事，開始對(duì)付，呈現(xiàn)）-goon（繼續(xù)）takeplace-taketheplaceofconsistin（在于）-consistof（包括）inall（總共）-afteral

23、l（畢竟）inreturn（作為報(bào)答）-inturn（反過來，輪流）onereasonfor+短語-onereasonwhy+句子bringout（使顯露，使顯現(xiàn)）-bringup（教育，培養(yǎng)，提出，（船）抵達(dá)目的地）beworthdoing-beworthwhiletodoreactto（對(duì)作出反應(yīng)）-reactwith（以作出反應(yīng)）apply-to（應(yīng)用于）-applyfor（請(qǐng)求，申請(qǐng)）邏輯關(guān)系錯(cuò)誤（連詞使用錯(cuò)誤）therefore-nevertheless/however（大部分therefore都要改為however,反之亦然）and-but/whileor-andbut-becau

24、semoreover-howeverafter-beforesince-althoughthereisnothereisalsothat-iffromnowon-fromthenonall-nonebesides-yetif-unlessbesides-excepttherefore-becauseso-becausesodoeshe-neither/nordoeshethat'swh-that'sbecaus源因asif-evenifwhether-if代詞錯(cuò)誤（一致錯(cuò)誤）their-itsthat-those（需要特別注意）which-that（有些情況下關(guān)系代詞只能用th

25、at）which-whatit-itself（主賓相同，賓語用反身代詞）that/this-it（只有it可作形式主語）his-one'網(wǎng)旨時(shí)用one）you-yourselfit-theythis-suchXXislesssophisticatedthanwhattheyaretoday-XXislesssophisticatedthantheyaretoday冠詞錯(cuò)誤in（1）定冠詞多余ontheeitherside>oneithersideintheEurope->inEuropeinthewinter>winter（季節(jié)前不加定冠詞）Kaufman,the/a

26、nauthorofarecentbook-Kaufman,authorofarecentbook（同位語間完全對(duì)等關(guān)系，不必使用冠詞）taketheissue->takeissue（對(duì)持異議，不同意）（2）定冠詞缺漏amongmost->amongthemostoneoffirst->oneofthefirstatmosphere->theatmosphere（表示獨(dú)無二的事物）（另夕卜還有如:theEquator,theOuterspace）betweenusandrest->betweenusandtherestinminority->inthemino

27、rityaroundfloor->aroundthefloorpiano->thepiano（西洋樂器的前面要有定冠詞）Englishlanguage>theEnglishlanguageatheartof->attheheartofworld->theworld（表示地球"這種獨(dú)一無二的事物要加定冠詞）inlongrun->inthelongrun（3）定冠詞與不定冠詞之間的誤用illustratethefurtherdifference->illustrateafurtherdifference（diference第一次提及）注意以下短語

28、的區(qū)別inchurch-inthechurchatcollege-atthecollegeincourt-inthecourtinhospital-inthehospitalinoffice-intheofficeinprison-intheprisonatsea-attheseainschool-intheschoolattable-atthetable形容詞與副詞使用錯(cuò)誤havebeencurrently->currentbewellequippedas->beaswellequippedasheavyindustrialized->heavily-industriali

29、zedspreadcolossal>spreadcolossallysimilarstrong>similarlystrongkeepthenumberconstantlyatXayear->keepnumberconstantatXayearfeelhopelessthwarted>feelhopelesslythwartedcomparativehighproportion>comparativelyhighproportion（quakes）startdeeplyintheearthstartdeepintheearthinthepassed5years-&

30、gt;inthepast5yearscultureembeddedattitudes->culturallyembeddedattitudesasmuchas->asoftenasfromonemeterafar->fromonemeterawayincreasing->increasinglysimple->simplypure->purelymuchmanymany->morelarge->largerearlyearlier成分殘缺或多余（單復(fù)數(shù)錯(cuò)誤）aworldwhichIcouldget->aworldinwhichIcouldgetshows->thatshows（先行詞在定語從句中作主語，關(guān)系代詞不可省略）takeforgrantedthattakeitforgratedthat1980T980soneofthemostglaringformoneofthemistglaringformstheirjobsengageintheirinterest->theirjobsengagetheirin