英語(yǔ)必修ⅰ人教新課標(biāo)同步知識(shí)點(diǎn)學(xué)練考定語(yǔ)從句--關(guān)系副詞

1、定語(yǔ)從句-關(guān)系副詞2【教法探究】31. 定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系副詞有：定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系副詞有： when, where, why 2. 關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中所作的成份：關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中所作的成份： 關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中都作狀語(yǔ)。關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中都作狀語(yǔ)。 when 作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；where 作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)；作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)； why 作原因狀語(yǔ)。作原因狀語(yǔ)。4He remembered the day when I arrived in this big city. I went back to the place where I was born and grew up. Please giv

2、e me the reason why you were late this time. 5when 指時(shí)間，在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，它的先行指時(shí)間，在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，它的先行詞為詞為time, day, morning, night, week, year, moment, period, age等，亦可用等，亦可用“介詞介詞+which”替替代。代。我仍然記得第一次坐飛機(jī)旅行的時(shí)間。我仍然記得第一次坐飛機(jī)旅行的時(shí)間。我們生活在許多事情可以在電腦做的時(shí)代。我們生活在許多事情可以在電腦做的時(shí)代。We are living in an age when many things are done o

3、n computer.I still remember the time when I first traveled by plane.6where指地點(diǎn)，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。它的先指地點(diǎn)，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。它的先行詞通常為行詞通常為place, spot, street, house, room, city, town, country等，亦可用等，亦可用“介詞介詞+ which”替代。替代。Can you tell me the company where he works?你能告訴我他工作的公司嗎？你能告訴我他工作的公司嗎？ Keep the books in a place wher

4、e you can find them easily.請(qǐng)把書(shū)放在容易找到的地方。請(qǐng)把書(shū)放在容易找到的地方。7Attentionwhere 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句還可以修飾表示抽象空間引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句還可以修飾表示抽象空間概念的名詞，如概念的名詞，如 case(情況情況), point(地步地步)situation(情形情形), position(位置位置), stage(階段階段)What are some situations where body language is the only form of communication?在哪些情形下身體語(yǔ)言是唯一的溝通方式？在哪些情形下身體語(yǔ)言是唯一的溝

5、通方式？8why 指原因或理由，它的先行詞只有指原因或理由，它的先行詞只有reason，在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，亦可，在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，亦可用用“介詞介詞for+ which”替代。替代。Can you tell me the reason why you didnt come to his birthday party?你能告訴我你沒(méi)參加他的生日宴會(huì)的原因嗎？你能告訴我你沒(méi)參加他的生日宴會(huì)的原因嗎？9 We often think of the days which we spent together in the countryside.which在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)

6、10比較比較: We often think of the days when we worked together in the countryside. when在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于 on the days。We believe the reason that he told us. 比較比較: The reason why/for which he was absent yesterday is still unknown.11 when 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于“at/in/on/during + which” where 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于“in/at/on +

7、 which” why 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于“for + which”12介詞關(guān)系代詞”是一個(gè)普遍使用的結(jié)構(gòu)（1）“介詞關(guān)系代詞”可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句?！敖樵~關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞可以是 in，on，about，from，for，with，to at，of，without 等，關(guān)系代詞只可用whom或 which，不可用that .（2）from where為“介詞關(guān)系副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，但也可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。例如：We stood at the top of the hill，from where we can see the town（3）像listen to，look at

8、，depend on，pay attention to，take care of等固定短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中一般不宜將介詞與動(dòng)詞分開(kāi)。例如：This is the boy whom she has taken care of13Is this the day when/on which I visited the museum?Please put the letter on the desk where/on which he can easily find it.This is the reason why/for which he didnt come to the meeting.14

9、注意：關(guān)系副詞與關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系：注意：關(guān)系副詞與關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系：“介詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞”在從句中作狀語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)關(guān)在從句中作狀語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)關(guān)系副詞。系副詞。如：如：王先生工作的那家工廠是一家鞋廠。王先生工作的那家工廠是一家鞋廠。這個(gè)句子有以下三種表達(dá)方式：這個(gè)句子有以下三種表達(dá)方式：15The factory that/which Mr. Wang works in is a shoe one.The factory in which Mr. Wang works is a shoe one.The factory where Mr. Wang works is

10、a shoe one.16學(xué)法引導(dǎo)學(xué)法引導(dǎo)關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞whenwhenwherewherewhywhy171. Ill never forget the day when I joined the League.定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句我將永遠(yuǎn)忘不了我將永遠(yuǎn)忘不了_那一天。那一天。 我入團(tuán)的我入團(tuán)的when I joined the League.先行詞先行詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞=on which在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)when18 I havent seen him since the year when he went abroad定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句從從_ _ 那年，我就沒(méi)見(jiàn)

11、過(guò)他。那年，我就沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)他。 他出國(guó)的他出國(guó)的when he went abroad先行詞先行詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞=in which=in which在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)whenwhen19定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯：定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯：April Fools Day is a day when people play jokes on friends 愚人節(jié)是愚人節(jié)是_日子。日子。人們可以和朋友開(kāi)玩笑的人們可以和朋友開(kāi)玩笑的 七月一日是七月一日是（他出生的）（他出生的）日子。日子。July 1st is the day _. when he was born 1945年是年是(二戰(zhàn)結(jié)

12、束的二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束的) 時(shí)間。時(shí)間。 The year 1945 was the time_ _. when I first came to Shenzhen.Practice20 But farmers in more developed countries often grow crops in order to sell to other countries where food is in greater demand.where food is in greater demand定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句先行詞先行詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞= in which= in which在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)在定語(yǔ)從句中

13、充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)wherewhere21 Tomorrow I will go to the town where I was born. 明天我要去明天我要去_那個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)。那個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)。 我出生我出生的的 where I was born.定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句先行詞先行詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞= in which在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)where22定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯：The factory where I work will close down. _ _ 那家工廠將倒閉。那家工廠將倒閉。我工作的我工作的 我將要去我將要去(我爺爺住的我爺爺住的)那座城市。那座城市。I

14、ll go to the city _. where my grandpa lives.PracticePractice我在我在（我們吃午餐的）（我們吃午餐的）那家餐館里丟了錢(qián)包。那家餐館里丟了錢(qián)包。 I lost my wallet in the restaurant _ _. where we had lunch.23 I really dont know the reason why he was late again.我真的不知道我真的不知道_原因。原因。 他再次遲到他再次遲到的的 why he was late again.定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句先行詞先行詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞= for wh

15、ich= for which在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語(yǔ)原因狀語(yǔ)whywhy24定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯：定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯：I didnt tell him the reason why I was afraid. 我沒(méi)告訴他我沒(méi)告訴他_原因。原因。我害怕的我害怕的(我不給你寫(xiě)信的我不給你寫(xiě)信的)原因是我不知道你的地址。原因是我不知道你的地址。The reason _ was that I didnt know your address. why I didnt write to you(我不喜歡那家餐館的我不喜歡那家餐館的)原因是我在那丟過(guò)東西。原因是我在那丟過(guò)東西。The reason _

16、 is that I once lost something there. why I dont like the restaurantPracticePractice25whenwhenwherewherewhywhy在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) 不可省略不可省略在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) 不可省略不可省略在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)原因狀語(yǔ)原因狀語(yǔ) 不可省略不可省略相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于介詞介詞（for） + which+ which關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞及其用法小結(jié)及其用法小結(jié)26【模擬試題】1. Some pre-school children go to a

17、 day care center, _ they learn simple games and songs. A. then B. there C. while D. where 點(diǎn)撥 這是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是a day care center，表示地點(diǎn)，故選where。2. The village has developed a lot _ we learned farming two years ago. A. When B. which C. that D. where點(diǎn)撥 該句先行詞是The village，定語(yǔ)從句和先行詞被謂語(yǔ)has developed a lot隔開(kāi)，從句中缺地

18、點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故選where。27（2012 重慶卷） Sales director is a position _ communication ability is just as important as salesA. which B. that C. when D. where【解析】“position”為先行詞，后面是其定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系詞在從句中作的是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，因此，應(yīng)該使用關(guān)系副詞“where”來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。因此，正確答案為D選項(xiàng)?！倦y度】一般【真題再現(xiàn)】28（2012 浙江卷）9. We live in an age more information is available with greater ease than ever before.A. why B. whenC. to whom D. on which【考點(diǎn)】定語(yǔ)從句 【答案】B【解析】when引導(dǎo)定義從句，在從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，修飾先行詞an age（時(shí)代）. 此處的when=at which。29(2012 山東卷） Maria has written