初一英語(yǔ)U中考高頻考點(diǎn)及易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)

1、課程主題： 7BU5-6中考高頻考點(diǎn)及易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1.掌握7BU5-6中考高頻考點(diǎn)；2.掌握易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)以及相應(yīng)的解題方法?！局R(shí)梳理1】Fish sleep with their eyes open.（1） with their eyes open為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，“_”，在句中作_，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)伴隨著的情況。（2）with 的其他用法舉例with/with sb._ (介詞with 表示“和/跟/同（一起）”)a girl with black hair _ （介詞“with”表示“具有，帶有”，反義詞without ）take a pen with you _ （介詞with 表示“在身上”)【

2、答案】（1）with their eyes open為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，“with+名詞（短語(yǔ)）+形容詞”，在句中作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)伴隨著的情況。（2）with 的其他用法舉例with/with sb 和某人一起 (介詞with 表示“和/跟/同（一起）”) a girl with black hair 一位黑發(fā)女孩 （介詞“with”表示“具有，帶有”，反義詞without ） take a pen with you 隨身帶上鋼筆 （介詞with 表示“在身上”)【例題精講】例1. Tom thinks with his eyes closed. 例2. He likes sleeping

3、with all the windows open . 【課堂練習(xí)】1. In spring, it is good for you to sleep _ your windows open.A. for B. and C. with D. but【答案】C【解析】此處考查 的是“with+名詞（短語(yǔ)）+形容詞”的用法，所以選with。2. Is Jim at home by _? No, his little sister is with _.A. him; him B. him; himself C. himself; himself D. himself; him 【答案】D【解析】第一

4、空考查的是反身代詞，by oneself“獨(dú)自，單獨(dú)”；第二空考查介詞后面跟人稱的賓格。所以選D。 【知識(shí)梳理2】Our nose and ears never stop growing. （1）stop doing sth _ （2）stop to do sth _（3）stop sb from doing sth _【答案】 （1）stop doing sth “停止做某事”，指停止正在做的事情，停下來(lái)，不做了。（2）stop to do sth “停下來(lái)去做某事”，表示停下來(lái)的目的，停止一件事，來(lái)做另一件事。（3）stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事。【例題精講】

5、例1. We stopped talking. 例2. We stopped to talk. 例3. There is nothing to stop us from going on studying. 【課堂練習(xí)】Stop _, please. Its time for class.A. to talk B. talking C. talk D. talked【答案】B【解析】本題考查stop doing sth “停止做某事”，指停止正在做的事情。所以選B?！局R(shí)梳理3】Suddenly , they heard a whisper from the bushes behind the

6、 tree.（1）suddenly adv. 意為_，可在_或_作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，但在句首時(shí)，通常要用逗號(hào)隔開。sudden adj. _（2）hear 聽見， 聽到（強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果） listen to 聽（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作）hear sb. doing sth. _ hear sb. do sth. _hear of sth. _ hear from sb. _ 【答案】（1）suddenly adv. 意為“突然”，可在句首或句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，但在句首時(shí)，通常要用逗號(hào)隔開。sudden adj. 突然的，出乎意料的（2）hear 聽見，聽到（強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果） listen to 聽（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作）hear sb. do

7、ing sth. 聽見某人正在做某事hear sb. do sth. 聽見某人做了某事hear of sth. 聽說(shuō)某事 hear from sb. 收到某人的來(lái)信 【例題精講】例1. I never heard of the song. 例2. I hasnt heard from him for quite a long time.【課堂練習(xí)】1. Cindy, can you hear someone _(call) my name?【答案】calling【解析】本題考查hear sb. doing sth. 聽見某人正在做某事，題意是“你能聽到有人正在叫我的名字嗎？”，所以填calli

8、ng。2. I _ the man, but I didnt see him.A. heard of B. met with C. talked to D. lived with【答案】A【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析，題意是“我聽說(shuō)過(guò)那個(gè)男人，但是沒見過(guò)他”，所以選A?！局R(shí)梳理4】They left the park quickly. On their way home, they met Andy.on their way home 意為_，是固定搭配。on ones /the way 后接名詞時(shí)，名詞前要加_，構(gòu)成on ones /the way to some place；后接副詞（如

9、home, here, there）時(shí)，_ 。拓展：way的常見短語(yǔ)by the way_in this way_ lose ones way_ 【答案】on their way home 意為“在他們回家的路上”，是固定搭配。on ones /the way 后接名詞時(shí)，名詞前要加介詞to。構(gòu)成on ones /the way to some place； 后接副詞（如home, here, there）時(shí)，不加介詞to。拓展：way的常見短語(yǔ)by the way 順便說(shuō)，順便問(wèn)一下in this way 以這種方式lose ones way 迷路【例題精講】例. On his way to

10、 school, he helped an old man. 【課堂練習(xí)】 _ the way, you have to return the book before this Friday.A. On B. In C. By D. To【答案】C【解析】本題考查by the way 順便說(shuō)，順便問(wèn)一下。題意是“順便說(shuō)一下，這周五前你得還書?！?，所以選C?！局R(shí)梳理5】The two girls were very afraid.afraid adj. _，只能作表語(yǔ)。（1）be afraid of 表示“害怕”，常用形式有兩種：be afraid of sb./sth. _（2）be afr

11、aid to do sth. _ 【答案】afraid 形容詞“害怕的”，只能作表語(yǔ)。（1）be afraid of 表示“害怕”，常用形式有兩種：be afraid of sb./sth. 害怕某人或某物（2）be afraid to do sth. 不敢去做某事【例題精講】例1. Are you afraid of dogs? 例2. Tom is afraid to ask teachers questions.【課堂練習(xí)】1. Will you come to the party next Sunday? _. I will visit my grandparents in my ho

12、metown.A. I think so B. Id like to C. Im afraid not D. Im afraid so【答案】C【解析】本題考查情景交際，Im afraid not .“恐怕不行”。由題意可知，“我得去看望爺爺奶奶”，所以選C。2. How _ I was when I saw Tom! I thought he was in Shanghai.A. strange B. interested C. surprised D. afraid【答案】C【解析】本題考查形容詞詞義辨析，由題意可知，“當(dāng)我看到湯姆的時(shí)候特別驚訝，因?yàn)槲乙詾樗谏虾！?，所以選C?！局R(shí)梳理

13、6】Now TVs can be as large as 152 inches. as large as._ as + 形容詞或副詞 + as . _，表示前后兩者在某方面程度相同，中間要_。其否定式為not so/as .as.，表示_ 【答案】as large as 和一樣大 as + 形容詞或副詞 + as 和一樣，表示前后兩者在某方面程度相同，中間要用形容詞和副詞的原級(jí)。其否定式為not so/as .as.,表示“不如/沒有那樣/那么”?！纠}精講】例1. This story is as interesting as that one.例2. Jack listens as car

14、efully as Mike in class.例3. My bike is not as /so new as yours.例4. He didnt come so/as early as you.【課堂練習(xí)】The boy doesnt speak _ his sister, but his written work is very good.A. as well as B. so good as C. more better than D. more worse than【答案】A【解析】本題考查比較，not so/as .as.,表示“不如/沒有那樣/那么”，注意要用副詞來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞sp

15、eak，所以選A?！局R(shí)梳理7】You complain too much.（1） too much _，用來(lái)修飾_。too much還可作名詞性短語(yǔ)，在句中用作_； 也可作副詞性短語(yǔ)，在句中用作_，修飾動(dòng)詞。比較much too 用法：much too_，用來(lái)修飾_。（2）complain 抱怨（不及物動(dòng)詞） complain to sb. _ complain about sth._【答案】（1）too much 太多，用來(lái)修飾不可數(shù)名詞。too much還可作名詞性短語(yǔ)，用作賓語(yǔ)； 也可作副詞性短語(yǔ)，在句中用作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞。比較much too 用法：much too的中心詞是too，

16、用法與too相同，用來(lái)修飾形容詞或副詞原級(jí)。（2）complain 抱怨（不及物動(dòng)詞） complain to sb. 向某人抱怨 complain about sth. 抱怨某事【例題精講】例1. She never complains to us about her hard life. 例2. The businessman has devoted too much to his work. 【課堂練習(xí)】1. Little Tom is _ fat. I agree. I think she should not eat _ meat.A. much too; too much B. m

17、uch too; too many C. too much; too many D. too much; much too【答案】A【解析】第一空，much too fat“太胖”；第二空eat too much meat“吃太多肉”。2. The young man often complains about not _ (have) enough time for sleep.【答案】having【解析】題意是“年輕人常常抱怨睡眠不夠?！?，介詞about后加doing?！局R(shí)梳理8】Then Alice noticed a small door and put the key into i

18、t. notice v. _ notice sb. do sth._(1) notice sb. doing sth._ 【答案】notice v. 覺察到，注意到(感官動(dòng)詞) notice sb. do sth. 注意到某人干了某事 notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某人正在干某事 【例題精講】例1. He noticed a bird singing in the tree.例2. I noticed him enter the office. 【課堂練習(xí)】Did you notice the thief _the office building?A. go B. go i

19、nto C. going in D. to go into【答案】B【解析】本題考查notice sb. do sth. 注意到某人干了某事，題意是“你有注意到小偷進(jìn)入辦公大樓嗎？”?！局R(shí)梳理9】We put up a tent near a lake.put up 動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，意為_，_，_。賓語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，可放在put與up_，但賓語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí)，一定要放在_。與put構(gòu)成的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)有：put on _put out _put away _put off _ 【答案】put up 動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，意為掛起，舉起，張貼。賓語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，可放在put與up中間或后面，但賓語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí)，一定要放在中間。2. p

20、ut構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)有：put on 穿上put out 撲滅put away 收起來(lái)，藏好put off 推遲，延期【例題精講】例1. “Put up your hands!”, the guards shouted.例2. Please put up these posters on the wall quickly.【課堂練習(xí)】1. Can you _ a tent by yourself? Sorry. Its a little difficult for me.A. put on B. put up C. put down D. put off【答案】B【解析】 本題考查put的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)，

21、put up a tent“搭帳篷”。2. Look! Your room is in a mess. Can you _ your things? Sorry, Mum. I will.A. put away B. put up C. put on D. put off【答案】A【解析】 本題考查put的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)，put away your things“把你的東西收好”?！局R(shí)梳理10】Weifang, a city in Shangdong Province, has become famous for making kites from then on.famous adj. 著名的b

22、ecome famous for_be famous for sth/doing sth _be famous as ._ 【答案】famous adj. 著名的become famous for 因?yàn)槎兊贸雒鸼e famous for sth/doing sth 由于而出名be famous as 作為.而出名【例題精講】例1. Beijing is famous for the Summer Palace.例2. She is famous as a good teacher. 【課堂練習(xí)】 Tu Youyou is famous _ a great scientist.A. for B

23、. as C. of D. from 【答案】B【解析】本題考查be famous as 作為.而出名，注意介詞的搭配?！局R(shí)梳理11】Remember to take your mobile phone. remember to do sth. _remember doing sth._【答案】remember to do sth. 記得去干某事(事情還沒做) remember doing sth. 記得干過(guò)某事(事情已做)【例題精講】例1. Tom! Remember to lock the door when you leave. 例2. I remember locking the d

24、oor, but it is open now. 【課堂練習(xí)】 I remembered _ the book to the library yesterday.A. to return B. returning C. returned D. return【答案】B【解析】本題考查remember doing sth. 記得干過(guò)某事(事情已做)，題意是“我記得昨天已經(jīng)把書還給博物館了”。 【知識(shí)梳理12】一般過(guò)去時(shí)一、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的定義一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)候或某一段時(shí)間所發(fā)生了的事情或存在的狀態(tài)；也可以表示在過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：“主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式+其他”。二、一

25、般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本用法（1）表示過(guò)去某個(gè)特定時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常與過(guò)去時(shí)間yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before , when clause, in the past連用。（2）表示在過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或存在狀態(tài)。（3）表示過(guò)去連續(xù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)，要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。這種情況下，往往沒有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，而是通過(guò)上下文來(lái)表示。批注：1. 表示一系列的動(dòng)作，盡管有先后，都用一

26、般過(guò)去時(shí)，最后兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞之間用and連結(jié)。2. 注意在語(yǔ)境中理解“我剛才/原來(lái)還不”。三、動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式分為規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式和不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成見下表：構(gòu)成法例詞一般直接在動(dòng)詞后加-ed。playplayed offeroffered weighweighed signsigned在以字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后，只加-d。likeliked provideprovided hatehated datedated在以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后，則改y為i，再加-ed。supplysupplied studystudied hurryhurried在以“元音字母+y”結(jié)

27、尾的動(dòng)詞后，直接加-edplayplayed staystayed destroydestroyed在以單短元音的重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞后，雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母，再加-edplanplanned referreferred regretregretted 批注:1. 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式見課本上的不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表；2. 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的不規(guī)則變化也有一定的規(guī)律可循：1）過(guò)去式與原形相同。如：put-put2) 將原形中的i變成a.如：begin-began3) 將重讀開音節(jié)中的i改成o.如：drive-drove 4) 將原形中的e改成o.如：get-got5) 將原形中的o改成a

28、.如：come-came 6) 將原形中的eep改成ept.如：keep-kept7) 將原形中的aw/ow/改成ew.如：draw-drew8) 將原形中的eak改成oke.如：break-broke 9) 將原形中的ell改成old.如：sell-sold10) 有兩種形式的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。如：learn-learned/learnt11) 變?yōu)橐詏ught或aught結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。如：buy-bought12) 在動(dòng)詞原形后加-d或-t變成過(guò)去式。如：hear-heard【例題精講】例1. I met Lin Tao this morning. 例2. I was there a mom

29、ent ago. 例3. We often played together when we were children. 例4. I wrote to my parents once a week at college.【課堂練習(xí)】1. Where _ you _ lunch? At home. There was no school lunch.A. did; have B. are; having C. will; have D. do; have【答案】A【解析】由答句可知，語(yǔ)境是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，所以選A。2. Look at the sign. Reading aloud is not

30、allowed in the reading room. Oh, Im sorry, I _.A. dont notice B. didnt notice C. will notice D. am not noticing【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)題意，“我剛沒注意到指示牌”，所以是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以選B。3. I _ him in the school the day before yesterday.A. am going to meet B. meet C. will meet D. met【答案】D【解析】由the day before yesterday可知本題的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以選D

31、?！局R(shí)梳理13】一般過(guò)去時(shí)的否定句和一般疑問(wèn)句動(dòng)詞種類句型例句be 動(dòng)詞肯定句：主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(was, were)+其它I was very tired last night. The twins were in Dalian last year. 否定句：主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(was, were)+not+其它I wasnt busy the other day. They were not here just now. 一般疑問(wèn)句:be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(Was,Were)+主語(yǔ)+其它?Was your mother free this morning? Were you late

32、 for school this morning? 肯定回答：Yes, 主語(yǔ)+was/were否定回答：No, 主語(yǔ)+was/were notYes, she was. No, she wasnt.Yes, they were. No, they werent. 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞肯定句：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+其他She studied Russian two years ago.否定句：主語(yǔ)+didnt +動(dòng)詞原形+其他Jim didnt go home yesterday. He didnt have classes this morning. 一般疑問(wèn)句：在句首加did，句子中的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變回原形。D

33、id he go there? 肯定回答：Yes, 主語(yǔ)+did否定回答：No, 主語(yǔ)+didnt Yes, he did. No, he didnt. 特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形？疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)：疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式？What did Jim do yesterday?Who went home yesterday?【例題精講】例1. The famous singer wasnt known to us ten years ago.例2. Did the project start from last year?【課堂練習(xí)】1. The new comer _ (know)

34、how to make cakes and we helped her a lot.【答案】didnt know【解析】根據(jù)句意，“新來(lái)的人之前不知道怎么做蛋糕，我們幫了她很多”，一般過(guò)去時(shí)的否定。2. _ (be) she surprised when she heard the news?【答案】Was【解析】由heard可以推斷出時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，be surprised“驚訝”，又因?yàn)橹髡Z(yǔ)是三單，所以填was。課堂檢測(cè)一、單項(xiàng)填空。( ) 1. _sunny day it is! Lets go for a picnic. Good idea.A. What B. What a C.

35、How D. How a( ) 2. The doctor _ the old man stop smoking and drinking.A. asked B. told C. wanted D. let( ) 3. Look! the little boy are _a dog.A. running away B. running out C. running down D. running after( ) 4. _wonderful Yang Lipings dance is!A. What B. What a C. How D. How a ( ) 5. Jack, Who help

36、ed you _the mobile phone? Nobody! I _it all by myself.A. made; made B. to made; make C. make; make D. make; made( ) 6.Your sweater looks smart. Where _ you _it?A. do; get B. did; get C. will; get D. have; got( ) 7. _ you in Shanghai last month? No. I_.A. Are; arent B. Were; wasnt C. Were; werent D.

37、Are; wasnt( ) 8. More and more students _too much homework and they are really tired of it.A. hear about B. learned about C. worried about D. complain about ( ) 9. Whos that man _ sunglasses? Hes Jack Ding. Ive just got an autograph from him.A. on B. for C. of D. with( ) 10. _ can you tell whether a

38、 foreigner is English or American? Maybe by the way he speaks.A. Why B. When C. Where D. How 【答案】1-5 BDDCD 6-10 BBDDD二、動(dòng)詞填空。1. What _ you _ (do) last weekend?2. Father _ (put)on his coat and then _ (go)out.3. Yesterday was Sunday. We _ (row)a boat on the lake.4. _ (be) the family on holiday in Haw a

39、ii last week?5. There _ (be) a dog and a cat here just now.6. Kitty practices _ (dance) for about three hours every week.7. The baby was always crying. What _ (happen)to him?8. The young man drove too fast and _ (hit)an old man.9. The girl _ (not have)the key, so she couldnt get into her house.10. W

40、e _ (stop)to listen carefully, but _ (hear)nothing.【答案】1. did, do 2. put, went 3. rowed 4. Were 5. was6. dancing 7. happened 8. hit 9. didnt have 10. stopped, heard三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換 。 1.The bad news surprised everyone. (改寫同義句)The bad news_ everyone _.2.Mozi used wood to make a bird.(改寫同義句)Mozi _ a bird _ _ woo

41、d.3.Alice was too big to go through the door.(改寫同義句)Alice was _ _ _ _ _ through the door.Alice was _ _ _ she couldnt go through the door.4.I will no longer be late for school.(改寫同義句)I wont _ _ _ _ _ _.5.Alice didnt know what she could do.(改寫同義句)Alice didnt know _ _ _.【答案】1.made, surprised 2.made, ou

42、t of 3.not small enough to go/ too big that4.be late for school any more 5.what to do課后鞏固一、用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. The bones in the back of the person never stop_ (grow)from birth. 2. The strange man turned around suddenly and _ (leave)the bush quickly.3. Somebody _ (run) away from the forest an hour ago. 4

43、. It_ (take) him an hour to read this book yesterday5. I am tired, lets stop _ (have)a rest.6. This morning he went to school without _ (eat)breakfast as usual.7. He put on his coat and_ (go)out.8. My uncle _ (leave)for Beijing tomorrow.9. Mum tells me_ (not play) computer games too much.10. My cousin, Jack, often practices _ (speak) English in class.【答案】1. growing 2. left 3. ran 4. took 5. to have 6. eating 7. went 8. is leaving 9. not to play 10. speaking 二、單項(xiàng)選擇( ) 1. He came to school this morning without _ his bike.A. ride B. riding C. rides D. rode( ) 2. He asked h