低壓成套技術(shù)負責人考試題庫-問答

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8、 a nd aua e-a -m up . peennetopromotega-rootste c ad corre ct the sgns of problems. Publ c infrmaton三、問答題:1、介電性能性能驗證的目的是什么？答題要點：是驗證成套設(shè)備對工作電壓、操作過電壓及雷電過電壓的耐受能力。因為絕緣材料耐受電壓的能力是有限度的，當外施電壓超過 某一數(shù)值時，絕緣材料發(fā)生劇烈的放電或?qū)щ姮F(xiàn)象，稱為擊穿。2、溫升試驗的環(huán)境溫度是怎么測量的？答題要點：環(huán)境溫度在試驗周期的最后1/4期間內(nèi)測量，在高度約等于成套設(shè)備的1/2,并離開成套設(shè)備1m遠的地方安裝。應(yīng)防止空氣流動或熱輻射對

9、溫度計和熱電偶的影響。3、外殼防護等級IP34D是怎樣驗證的？答題要點：用邊緣無毛刺的直徑為 2.5+0.05 0mm 直的剛性鋼棒，對產(chǎn)品施加3 0.3N的力進行試驗，鋼棒不能進入殼體。與垂直方向土 180 范圍以內(nèi)的淋水無影響。直徑為 0.1mm長為100mm金屬絲，對產(chǎn)品施加1 0.1N的力進行試驗，金屬絲不能觸及危險帶電部件。 4、工頻耐受電壓中的試驗電壓值是怎么確定的？ 答題要點：工頻耐受電壓的試驗電壓應(yīng)按其絕緣電壓查表10。用絕緣材料制造的外部操作手柄，介電試驗應(yīng)在帶電部件和用金屬箔裹纏整個表面的手柄之間施加表10規(guī)定的1.5倍試驗電壓值。用絕緣材料制造的外殼，還應(yīng)進行一次補充試驗

10、，在外殼的外面包復(fù)一層能覆蓋所有的開孔和接縫的金屬箔，t僉電壓為其試驗電壓的1.5倍。5、干熱試驗的驗證是怎么要求的？ 答題要點：將完整的戶外低壓電纜分線箱放置在恒溫箱，將恒溫箱溫度在23h內(nèi)升至100 C+ 2 C,維持此溫度 5h,試后試品應(yīng)沒有明顯的損壞的現(xiàn)象。6、影響配電板介電性能的可能因數(shù)有哪些？答題要點：影響配電板介電性能的因數(shù)有：a.產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)的變化 b.絕緣材料的性能c.絕緣材料尺寸的變化d.銅排等加工過程中留下的毛刺、灰塵等 e.電氣元件的性能變化等等。7、為了保證母線干線單元的溫升滿足要求，需控制哪些方面？ 答題要點：需控制：a.母線槽的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)b.母排尺寸c.母排材料d.母

11、排接線端頭加工工藝e.插接件質(zhì)量f.電器元件的質(zhì)量等等8、請問對于I類防護類別的母線槽產(chǎn)品，要求進線保護導(dǎo)體與相關(guān)裸露導(dǎo)電部件之間的電阻不應(yīng)超過多少？簡述測量方法和注意事項？答題要點：它們之間的電阻不應(yīng)超過0.1 Q ;應(yīng)使用電阻測量儀器，此儀器可以使至少10A的交流或直流電流通過電阻測量點之間，測量時間應(yīng)限制在5s之內(nèi)。9、請簡述密集型母線槽的結(jié)構(gòu)特點和加工過程中需注意的方面？ 答題要點：密集型母線槽的結(jié)構(gòu)特點是將裸母線進行絕緣包覆后，并緊貼通道殼體放置，其優(yōu)點是散熱好，容量大；密集型母線槽加工過程中必須注意以下方面：a.外殼加工須注意材料的厚度，加工的尺寸，表面防護處理等；b.母排加工需注

12、意母排的質(zhì)量，母排的尺寸加工精度，接頭加工工藝，絕緣材料及包覆等；c.絕緣支撐件的加工；d.裝配控制等。10、簡述影響母線槽短路耐受強度的主要因數(shù)？ 答題要點：影響母線槽短路耐受強度的主要因數(shù)：a.母排尺寸；b.母排硬度；c.母排夾塊的規(guī)格、材料和夾塊的距離；d.母排夾塊支撐架的強度等11、保護電路連續(xù)性驗證。答題要點：a.接地電阻應(yīng)0 (100 ) mQ為什么接地電阻應(yīng)盡量??？答：接地電阻越小，故障時，故障電壓越低，就越安全b.寫出3個測試部位。1)主開關(guān)底板-地；2)分支開關(guān)底板-地；3)裝有電器元件的門-地12、保護電路連續(xù)性措施檢查與保護電路有效性驗證有無區(qū)別，并請說明或舉例？答題要點

13、：有。a.保護電路連續(xù)性措施檢查是指目測是否采取保護措施而言的，例如：檢查是否裝爪墊，裝電器元件的門是否與主接地點有軟線連接；b.保護電路有效性驗證是使用儀器檢測，驗證接地措施是否有效，例如：測量接地電阻是否小于100m Qo13、什么是電氣間隙？答題要點不同電位的兩導(dǎo)電部件間的空間直線距離。(見GB7251.1-20052.9.1 )14、什么是爬電距離？答題要點：不同電位的兩導(dǎo)電部件間沿絕緣材料表面的最短距離。(見GB7251.1-20052.9.2)15、IP33的含義是什么？如何檢查？答題要點：IP 33|第二位特征數(shù)字第二位特征數(shù)字代碼字母(國際防護)用直徑2.5mm的試棒對產(chǎn)品外殼

14、進行檢查，施加3 0.3N ,看是否能插入；用淋水設(shè)備在水壓為50kpa-150kpa與垂直方向土 60 范圍內(nèi)淋水,流量為10L/min ,外殼的表面積1min/m 2,最少5min ,觀察是否有滲漏現(xiàn)象。16、低壓無功功率補償裝置投切電容器開關(guān)有幾種方式？目前 3C認證的低壓無功功率補償裝置按投切電容器開關(guān)方式應(yīng)分為幾個申證單元答題要點：a.接觸器b.一體式機電復(fù)合開關(guān)c.晶閘管電子開關(guān)答3個認證單元。17、寫出至少5種低壓成套開關(guān)設(shè)備 3c認證的關(guān)鍵元器件和材料？答題要點：殼體、低壓斷路器、低壓開關(guān)、隔離器、隔離開關(guān)與熔斷器組合電器、低壓接觸器、熱過載繼電器、交流半導(dǎo)體電動機控制器和起動

15、器、自動轉(zhuǎn)換開關(guān)電器、母排、絕緣導(dǎo)線、抽出式的一次接插件及絕緣支撐件等主回路用元器件和材料。18、寫出低壓無功功率補償裝置增加了哪些關(guān)鍵件？答題要點：電容器、電抗器、電力電子開關(guān)、無功功率補償控制器。19、間接觸電的防護指什么？直接觸電的防護指什么？答題要點：(見 GB7251.1-20052.6.9 ; 2.6.8 )間接觸電的防護是防止人體與裸露導(dǎo)電部件產(chǎn)生危險接觸的一種防護。直接觸電的防護是防止人體與帶電部件產(chǎn)生危險接觸的一種防護20、寫出低壓無功功率補償裝置的銘牌內(nèi)容?els should firmlyestablishthe mainconsciousness, grasping p

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22、hexperiencet o promotegrass root s,to dete ctand corre ctthe signs ofprobl ems. Publi c information答題要點：a. 廠名b.產(chǎn)品名稱c. 產(chǎn)品型號或商標d. 制造日期（或編號）或生產(chǎn)編號e. 額定電壓f. 額定電流g. 額定頻率h.額定補償功率ingparty group） to studyeducationasa major politi caltask,primary responsibilityforeffectiveimplementation,strengthen lea dership

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25、ns,poor organizati on,t he problems aremany,tocriticize,toaccounta bility.Main i s responsiblefor comrade t oconsciouslypressureconveyinglayer upon layer, stepbyste p, co mpaction ofresponsibility.Insteeringt he Steering must preventformalism,三、簡答題1 、保護電路連續(xù)性驗證a.接地電阻應(yīng)小于等于多少m Q。b. 為什么接地電阻應(yīng)盡量?。縞. 寫出母線槽

26、的3 個測試部位。答題要點： a.100 m Q b. 接地電阻越小，故障時，故障電壓越低，就越安全c. 上下蓋板-地 、 左右側(cè)板-地 、 母線槽上任意固定螺釘-地 、 母線槽連接螺釘-地、第一節(jié)與第二節(jié)母線連接螺栓-地2、確認檢驗與例行檢驗的介電強度試驗是否相同，若不同請指出不同之處？ 答題要點： 不同。a.確認檢驗中的耐壓時間為 5s,例行檢驗中的耐壓時間為 1s；b. 確認檢驗中耐壓部位包括絕緣手柄-相的操作，例行檢驗中無此部位的要求，且耐壓值為其它部位耐壓值的1.5 倍。3、GB7251.1對絕緣電阻的要求是什么？用 500V/500M Q規(guī)格的表測絕緣電阻時，其絕緣電阻一般應(yīng)是多少

27、？ 答題要點：a.電路與裸露導(dǎo)電部件之間，每條電路對地標稱電壓的絕緣電阻應(yīng)至少為 1000 Q/V。.b.顯示大于MQ 。4、目前低壓成套開關(guān)設(shè)備所做的3C 認證產(chǎn)品中a. 是否有不與主電路直接相連的輔助電路？b. 若有，試舉例。并說明應(yīng)施加的工頻耐壓值是多少？答題要點：a. 有b. 電流測量回路。例如：若要打耐壓，則應(yīng)施加250-500V 的工頻耐壓值。5、低壓成套開關(guān)設(shè)備外殼的主要生產(chǎn)設(shè)備為（行業(yè)稱：三大件）是什么？答題要點：a. 剪板機b. 沖床c. 折彎機6、 a. 寫出 5 種一次（主電路）回路的主要元器件。epartment sshoul dpay specialatte ntio

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30、n ofthe shots,the overallgeneraleffect of linkage.Need stressedof is,regardlessofwhatranks,and what post of membersleader s,areto to Generalmembersidentityput himselfpe ndulum in, seriouslyimpleme ntation Centra l andpr ovincial,and municipalon learni ng education oftherequireme nts, strictly imp le

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36、t s to verifythe educational results. S hould betargeted.Differentpartymembersideologicaltrends and be haviors, differential treatment in education,preci sionapplicati on policy,key starts locks,downto learnand do themeasures eachpartymember, e nabli ngthem to a ccess toe ducation, improve,make peop

37、lefeelMembersofthenew changes.To reflect thedifference.No uniform,thousands ofb.寫出4種二次（測量回路）的主要元件有。答題要點：a.斷路器（萬能式、塑料外殼式、限流式、低壓真空、微型塑料外殼式、帶有剩余電流保護的斷路器）；刀開關(guān)、隔離器、隔離開關(guān)及其 組合電器；熔斷器；接觸器；熱繼電器等。b.電流、電壓、功率（有功、無功卜功率因數(shù)及電能等表計；電流、電壓互感器 等。7、電氣間隙是指什么？答題要點：不同電位的兩導(dǎo)電部件間的空間直線距離。8、爬電距離是指什么？答題要點：不同電位的兩導(dǎo)電部件間沿絕緣材料表面的最短距離。9

38、、寫出成套開關(guān)設(shè)備生產(chǎn)工序流程。答題要點：殼體加工-電器元件裝配一一次回路母排、絕緣導(dǎo)線制作及裝配-二次線裝配一出廠檢驗-包裝。10、寫出5項母排加工裝配工藝文件至少應(yīng)包含的規(guī)定。答題要點：主要設(shè)備；母排的截面積選擇的規(guī)定；下料；彎制；母排連接孔的數(shù)量、孔間距、孔徑的規(guī)定；母排搭接的要求；母排表面涂覆、相序標識及排列；母排的安裝及連接 。11、某無功功率補償裝置，系統(tǒng)電源電壓 400V ,電容器的額定標稱電壓450V ,標稱額定容量30kvar ,裝置運行時電容器支路的額定電流是多少？答題要點：12、目前常用的限制涌流的元件或原理？答題要點：用電抗器、帶限制涌流線圈的接觸器、半導(dǎo)體電子開關(guān)過零

39、投切。13、例行及確認檢驗設(shè)備應(yīng)每年進行校準或檢定，對于測量儀器應(yīng)關(guān)注容量、量程范圍、分辨率，還應(yīng)看檢定、校準證書的的檢定、 校準點是否含蓋了哪些測試點，為什么舉例說明。答題要點：a.所使用的測試點；b.否則校準或檢定無意義。14、成套開關(guān)設(shè)備的關(guān)鍵工序有哪些？工藝文件中應(yīng)包含哪些工藝？請用虛線畫出下圖的電氣間隙的測量距離，并說明爬電距離L如何測量？答題要點：爬電距離L為沿絕緣體表面 a-c-b測量L=ac+cb-1.5mm四、問答題:1、說明耐壓測試儀怎樣進行運行檢查?s, ad Watposof m- bes eaers, ae t t Geea m - bes dentty pu him

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50、and municicatch thewaythe thi nking ofprevention activities,study andeducation,preventingr outineaside,prevent simple, doi ngasmuchasmeeting note s to judgethe educationalresult s.To takereports, customized re search,attendi ngthe meeting,randomspotchecks, briefi ngsand othermeans,tofocusthe pushGui

51、deto grassr oots, on theparty bra nch,in-de pth understanding ofeducation a ndactualeffect,sum up freshexperiencet o promotegrass roots,to dete ctand corre ctthe signs ofproblems. Publi c information答題要點：a. 輸出電壓：用1000V 或 500V 電壓表（或萬用表） 與試驗臺上的電壓表比對，檢查耐壓測試儀輸出電壓是否正常。b. 報警功能：可稍加電壓后短接其輸出，檢查報警是否正常；c. 時間控制

52、功能：用秒表比對。2、耐壓測試儀、接地電阻測試儀的主要性能、參數(shù)要求有哪些？答題要點：a. 耐壓測試儀：1） 具有足夠的功率以維持試驗電壓，可以不考慮漏電流；2）應(yīng)具有報警功能；3）時間控制功能；4）輸出電壓應(yīng)在試驗電壓的范圍內(nèi)。b.接地電阻測試儀：輸出電流不小于10A ,電阻測量范圍0-100m Q以上。3、保護電路連續(xù)性措施檢查與保護電路有效性驗證有無區(qū)別，并請說明或舉例？答題要點：有。a. 保護電路連續(xù)性措施檢查是指目測是否采取保護措施而言的，例如：檢查是否裝爪墊，裝電器元件的門是否與主接地點有軟線連接；b.保護電路有效性驗證是使用儀器檢測，驗證接地措施是否有效，例如：測量接地電阻是否小

53、于100m Qo4、 IP33 的含義是什么？如何檢查？答題要點：a.防止學(xué)力12.5固體異物接近危險部件；防淋水。b.用2.5mm的試棒對產(chǎn)品外殼進行檢查，施加3 0.3N ,看是否能插入；用淋水設(shè)備在水壓為 50kpa-150kpa與垂直方向60范圍內(nèi)淋水，流量為10L/min ，外殼的表面積1min/m 2，最少 5min ，觀察是否有滲漏現(xiàn)象。5、為什么電流互感器的二次回路不允許接熔斷器？答題要點：電流互感器開路時會產(chǎn)生以下危害：a.鐵心過熱，甚至燒毀互感器。b.由于二次繞組匝數(shù)很多，會感應(yīng)出危險的高電壓，危及人身和設(shè)備安全。6、為什么要將設(shè)備金屬外殼接地？答題要點：見 P147當帶電

54、體絕緣被破壞或其他原因使外殼出現(xiàn)足夠高的電壓時，人碰上會產(chǎn)生觸電危險7、安全防護措施中為保證保護電路連續(xù)在產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)上采取的措施是什么？答題要點：P147a. 裸露導(dǎo)電件之間及其附件與保護電路之間具有連續(xù)性b. 保證裝置內(nèi)的所有帶電運行的金屬外殼都能有效接地，通過接地線或裝置外殼相連形成保護回路c. 門、蓋板、遮板等部件上若裝有電器元件應(yīng)采取接地措施8、選用測量用互感器時，應(yīng)注意什么方面？答題要點：P142考慮準確度級次，常用的有0.5， 0.2 級；還應(yīng)注意其帶負載能力，所接儀表內(nèi)阻與連接導(dǎo)線的內(nèi)阻之和不得大于互感器的額定二次負載。9、絕緣導(dǎo)線的選擇須考慮那些要求？答題要點：P143a.導(dǎo)線的

55、額定電壓應(yīng)高于裝置的工作電壓；epartment sshoul dpay specialatte ntion t opubli c opi nion,in -depth i nformation rel atingtopr ovincial,munici paland Ce ntraldeci sionsa ndarrangeme nts to promote educati onal effectivenessand progressofthe typi cal experience, andcreate agood socialatmosphere.Second,persevering i

56、 n above rates.Leadi ngbodies at all lev els,lea dership,lea dingca dres should takethe lead,a s agoodexample,a nd aski ngot hers to do youfirst do it, asks ofothers a nd notth emselves determined notto do,for example ofsuperiortosubordi nate,teamleader forteammembers for example, leveltolev el,levelwith level s,layersofdrive n model, layer upon laye r,formation ofthe shots,the overallgeneraleffect of linkage.Need stressedofis,regardles