名家談數(shù)學(xué)(中英文對照)

1、名家談數(shù)學(xué)中英文對照名家談數(shù)學(xué)中英文對照The essence of mathematics is the perception of logical relationships between seemingly disparate ideas；the most successful mathematicians are those whose range is widest and whose ability to see analogies and connect ideas is greatest.數(shù)學(xué)的本質(zhì)是對外表上看來完全不同的概念認識其內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系。最成功的數(shù)學(xué)家是知識面最寬、

2、概念的類比、想象才能最強的人愛德華Pure mathematics is， in its way，the poetry of logical ideas純粹數(shù)學(xué)，就其本質(zhì)而言，是邏輯思想的詩篇。愛因斯坦The science of mathematics presents the most brilliant example of how pure reason may successfully enlarge its domain without the aid of experience.數(shù)學(xué)科學(xué)呈現(xiàn)出一個最輝煌的例子，說明不用借助實驗，純粹的推理能成功地擴大人們的認知領(lǐng)域。康德But t

3、here is another reason for the high repute of mathematics: it is mathematics that offers the exact natural sciences a certain measure of security which，without mathematics，they could not attain.數(shù)學(xué)受到高度尊崇的另一個原因在于：恰恰是數(shù)學(xué)，給精細的自然科學(xué)提供了無可置疑的可靠保證，沒有數(shù)學(xué)，它們無法到達這樣的可靠程度。愛因斯坦Mathematics is the tool specially suite

4、d for dealing with abstract concepts of any kind and there is no limit to its power in this fieldFor this reason a book on the new physics，if not purely descriptive of experimental work，must be essentially mathematical.數(shù)學(xué)是一項工具，特別合適于處理任何一類抽象概念，而且，它在這方面的作用是無止境的。因此，一本闡述新物理學(xué)的書，假如不是單純地描繪實驗工作的，其本質(zhì)上，必定是一本數(shù)

5、學(xué)書。狄拉克Nature’s great book is written in mathematical symbol. 自然這一巨著是用數(shù)學(xué)符號寫成的伽里略Mathematics is a creative art because mathematicians create beautiful new concepts；it is a creative art because mathematicians live，act，and think live artists； and it is a creative art because mathematicians reg

6、ard it so數(shù)學(xué)是創(chuàng)造性的藝術(shù)，因為數(shù)學(xué)家創(chuàng)造了美妙的新概念；數(shù)學(xué)是創(chuàng)造性的藝術(shù)，因為數(shù)學(xué)家的生活、言行如同藝術(shù)家一樣；數(shù)學(xué)是創(chuàng)造性的藝術(shù)，因為數(shù)學(xué)家就是這樣認為的。哈爾莫斯The essence of mathematics lies in its freedom數(shù)學(xué)的本質(zhì)在于它的自由。康托爾God ever arithmetizes.上帝是一位數(shù)論學(xué)家。雅可比The great Architect of the Universe now begins to appear as a pure mathematician宇宙的偉大建筑師如今開場以純粹數(shù)學(xué)家的身份出現(xiàn)吉恩斯The grea

7、test mathematicians, as Archimedes，Newton and Gauss，always united theory and application in equal measure.如阿基米德、牛頓與高斯這樣的最偉大的數(shù)學(xué)家，總是不偏不倚地把理論與應(yīng)用結(jié)合起來?？巳R因Mathematics is the most powerful technique for the understanding of pattern，and for the analysis of the relation of patternsIf civilization continues t

8、o advance in the next two thousand years ， the overwhelming novelty in human thought will be the dominance of mathematical understanding數(shù)學(xué)是理解形式與分析形式關(guān)系的最有威力的工具只要在今后的兩千年里，文明繼續(xù)進步，人類思想中壓倒一切的新事物，將是數(shù)學(xué)理智的統(tǒng)治。懷德海Lagrange is the lofty pyramid of mathematical sciences.拉格朗日是數(shù)學(xué)科學(xué)中高聳的金字塔。拿破侖What we know is very s

9、light，what we don’t know is immense. Man follows only phantoms.我們所知道的是微乎其微的，我們所不知道的還是無窮無盡的。人們只是在追逐幻影。拉普拉斯Histories make men wise；poems nitty；the mathematics subtle；natural philosophy deep；moral grave；logic and rhetoric able to contend歷史使人明智，詩歌使人聰明，數(shù)學(xué)使人精細，哲理使人深化，倫理學(xué)使人有修養(yǎng)，邏輯與修辭使人善辯。培根The adv

10、ancement and perfection of mathematics are intimately connected with the prosperity of the State數(shù)學(xué)的開展與完善和國家的繁榮興盛息息相關(guān)。拿破侖Mathematics is a crucial component of our culture. It can and should make a signal educational contribution.數(shù)學(xué)是我們文化中極為重要的一個組成部分。它可以也必將作出顯著的教育上的奉獻。謝尼澤For me the attraction of turnin

11、g to mathematics is that in mathematics it is possible to actually make progress in a train of thought.吸引我轉(zhuǎn)向數(shù)學(xué)的原因在于數(shù)學(xué)可以在思想的訓(xùn)練方面實際地作出奉獻。蘇利文Algebra is generous，she often gives more than is asked of her.代數(shù)學(xué)是大方大方的，它給予人的往往比人們對她所要求的還要多。達朗貝爾Like it or not, mathematics opens career doors, so it’s

12、downright practical to be prepared.不管你喜歡與否，數(shù)學(xué)為你翻開求職的大門，因此，它是需要加以準備的真正實用的課程。波雅妮Yet the part which mathematics plays in meteorology increases every year，and seems defined to increase此外，數(shù)學(xué)在氣象學(xué)方面所起的作用在逐年增大，而且，似乎還在不斷地繼續(xù)增大史密斯More recent advances in the mathematical sciences have helped improve our ability

13、 to predict the weather ，to measure the effects of environmental hazards，to study the origin of the universe，and to project the outcomes of elections，Mathematical methods have become indispensable to the proper functioning of our technological society.數(shù)學(xué)科學(xué)最近的進步幫助我們進步預(yù)測氣象的才能,估計環(huán)境危險的影響的才能, 研究宇宙起源的才能，以

14、及籌劃選舉結(jié)果的才能。數(shù)學(xué)方法對于我們這個技術(shù)社會真正發(fā)生效能已經(jīng)變得不可缺少了。哈爾莫斯Number rules the universe.數(shù)統(tǒng)治著宇宙畢達哥拉斯What, in fact, is mathematical discovery? It does not consist in making new combinations with mathematical entities that are already know. That can be done by anyone, and the combinations that could be so formed would

15、be infinite in number, and the greater part of them would be absolutely devoid of interest. Discovery consists precisely in not constructing useless combinations, but in constructing those which are useful, which are an infinitely small minority. Discovery is discernment, selection.宋以后，京師所設(shè)小學(xué)館和武學(xué)堂中的

16、老師稱謂皆稱之為“教諭。至元明清之縣學(xué)一律循之不變。明朝入選翰林院的進士之師稱“教習(xí)。到清末，學(xué)堂興起，各科老師仍沿用“教習(xí)一稱。其實“教諭在明清時還有學(xué)官一意，即主管縣一級的教育生員。而相應(yīng)府和州掌管教育生員者那么謂“教授和“學(xué)正。“教授“學(xué)正和“教諭的副手一律稱“訓(xùn)導(dǎo)。于民間，特別是漢代以后，對于在“校或“學(xué)中傳授經(jīng)學(xué)者也稱為“經(jīng)師。在一些特定的講學(xué)場合，比方書院、皇室，也稱老師為“院長、西席、講席等。Mathematical facts worthy of being studied are those which, by their analogy with other facts,

17、are capable of leading us to the knowledge of a mathematical law, in the same way that experimental facts lead us to the knowledge of a physical law. They are those which reveal unsuspected relations between other facts, long since known, but wrongly believed to be unrelated to each other.實際上，什么是數(shù)學(xué)發(fā)

18、現(xiàn)呢？它不在于把早已經(jīng)知道的數(shù)學(xué)實體做新的組合。這是任何人都能做的，而能這樣形成的組合也將有無限多種，其大多數(shù)肯定是沒有任何意義的。發(fā)現(xiàn)恰恰在于不去構(gòu)筑無用的組合，而在于構(gòu)造有用的組合。這樣的組合是極其稀少的。發(fā)現(xiàn)是區(qū)分，是選擇。課本、報刊雜志中的成語、名言警句等俯首皆是,但學(xué)生寫作文運用到文章中的甚少,即使運用也很難做到恰如其分。為什么?還是沒有徹底“記死的緣故。要解決這個問題,方法很簡單,每天花3-5分鐘左右的時間記一條成語、一那么名言警句即可。可以寫在后黑板的“積累專欄上每日一換,可以在每天課前的3分鐘讓學(xué)生輪流講解,也可讓學(xué)生個人搜集,每天往筆記本上抄寫,老師定期檢查等等。這樣,一年就可記300多條成語、300多那么名言警句,日積月累,終究會成為一筆不小的財富。這些成語典故“貯藏在學(xué)生腦中,自然會出口成章,寫作時便會隨心所欲地“提取出來,使文章增色添輝。值得研究的數(shù)學(xué)事實是因它們與其它的事實相類似，可以引導(dǎo)我們?nèi)フJ識數(shù)學(xué)定律，正如實驗事實引導(dǎo)我們?nèi)フJ識物理定律一樣。值得研究的數(shù)學(xué)事實是能提醒與其它早道的事實有無可疑心的聯(lián)絡(luò)，而被錯誤地認為是互相無關(guān)的那些龐加萊與當今“老師一稱最接近的“老師概念，最早也要