第一講英語五種基本句型

1、.第一講英語五種根本句型口頭翻譯以下句子，標出句子的主語和謂語。1. He is standing by the sea.2. A yellow cat was sitting in the tree.3. He often walked in the rain before.4. They are still reading in the classroom.5. I can write with your help.1.基本句型構(gòu)造2.每個句型成分的掌握。1.句子成分不清晰。2.五個基本句型掌握不明。句子的劃分I. 根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)劃分：簡單句基本，重點 句型一：S+Vi主+謂 句型二：S+V+P

2、主+系+表 句型三：S+Vt+O主+謂+賓 句型四：S+V+o+O主+謂+間賓+直賓 句型五：S+V+O+C主+謂+賓+賓補并列句: and, but, or復合句：名詞從句賓，主，表，同 副詞從句狀語從句 形容詞從句定語從句II. 根據(jù)功能劃分： 陳述句 疑問句一般疑問句，特殊疑問句，選擇疑問句，反義疑問句，修辭疑問句 祈使句y感嘆句III. 根據(jù)句子成分：單個詞匯 短語從句句子五種簡單句型精講1.SVio 例如：I went to school at 7：00.o 主 謂 狀o 這一結(jié)構(gòu)中的動詞為不及物動詞，其后沒有賓語,后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語做狀語。o go, live, die, t

3、alk, swim, stay, 用以上詞語造句肯定，否定，疑問Examples:o 1.We go to school everyday.o 2.I live in Xiangyang District now.o 3.My love for you will never die.o 4.I want to talk with a foreigner.o 5.Jerry can swim well.o 6.Mr. Green will stay in China for a year.2.SV系Po 例如：The food smells delicious.o 主 系 表o 句子謂語動詞不能

4、表達一個完整的意思，必須加上一個表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的表語 構(gòu)成復合謂語，才能表達完整的意思。這類動詞叫做連系動詞。o 系動詞分兩類：be, look, keep, seem 等屬一類，表示狀態(tài)；get, grow, become, turn 等 屬另一類，表示變化。be 本身沒有什么意義,只起連系主語和表語的作用。其它系動詞仍保 持其部分詞義。o look, sound, become, turn, keep，geto For example:o 1.每個人看起來都不一樣。looko Everyone looks different.o 2.那聽起來很好。soundo It sounds ve

5、ry good.o 3.我現(xiàn)在成了一名教師。becomeo I have become a teacher.o 4.她臉紅了。turno Her face turned red.o 5.他現(xiàn)在成長得又高又壯。growo He grows tall and strong.o 6.天色漸漸黑了。geto It is getting dark.3.SVtOo 例如：He hopes to fly to the moon.o 主謂賓o 1只能用不定式作賓語的常見動詞:want，hope，wish，would like，decide，agree，ask，cant wait 等；o 2只能用動名詞作賓語的

6、常見動詞：mind，enjoy，keep，finish，admit appreciate avoid consider delay forgive imagine miss practice risk suggest, advise, allow, permit, feel like, give up, be busy doing, cant stand, can't help 等；o 3既能用不定式又能用動名詞作賓語，且有區(qū)別的常見動詞：remember, forget, stop, go on, try, like, mean, regreto 4既能用不定式又能用動名詞作賓語，且

7、無區(qū)別的常見動詞：begin，start，hate 等。For example :1.記住在你離開之前把窗子關(guān)上。 還未做 Remember to close the window before you leave.2.我記得關(guān)了啊。已做過But I remember closing it3.哦，你忘了關(guān)燈了。還未做I see. You forgot to turn off the lights4.我忘了已經(jīng)寫完作業(yè)了。已做過I forgot finishing my homework already5.Mary 停下來去散步。stopMary stopped to take/have a w

8、alk6.他停止唱歌了。He stopped singing.7.然后，他接下來去玩足球了。go onThen he went on to play football.8.Tom 繼續(xù)玩電腦游戲。Tom went on playing computer games.9.我們盡量完成任務(wù)。tryWe try to finish the task.10.我試著修理自行車?？从袩o結(jié)果 I tried mending the bike.4.SVtOiOd例如：Hegavemea pen.主謂間賓直賓1這種結(jié)構(gòu)也可將間賓放到直賓之后，但間賓前需加介詞 to對象或 for目的；o 例如：n They le

9、ntthe bike to the boy.o 主謂直賓間賓2在間賓前加 to 的：For example:1. 昨天爸爸給我姐姐一個禮物。 give My father gave a present to my sister yesterday.2. Li Hua 給 Mary 他的照片。 show Li Hua showed his pictures to Mary.3. 我的朋友給老師了一封信。 send My friend sent a letter to his teacher.4. 姐姐給媽媽帶來一件漂亮的裙子。 bring My sister brought a beautifu

10、l dress to Mother.5. 請把鹽遞給爸爸。 pass Pass the salt to Father please.6. 他把自行車借給那個女孩了。 lend He lent his bike to that girl.7. 以前，奶奶常給孩子們講故事。 tell My grandma told stories to children in the past.8. Tom 昨天教學生一首英文歌曲。 teach Tom taught an English song to his students yesterday.3 在間賓前加 for 的：1. 他給我親手做了一個生日禮物。

11、make His made a birthday present for me.2. 她的丈夫給她買了一個漂亮的項鏈。 buy Her husband bought a beautiful necklace for her.3. 我們應(yīng)該為殘疾人做點什么。 do We should do something for the disabled people.4. 我們給老人們唱歌。 sing We often sing songs for the old people.4最好用 SVtOdOi 結(jié)構(gòu)的情況：o例如：Ill sendit to you.直賓間賓oWell singsome song

12、s直賓forthe friend間賓from a foreign country a.當直接賓語是人稱代詞時： b.當直賓比間賓短時：5.SVtOCo例如：ooThe boy主wished謂his father賓to buy a bike for him.賓補1帶 to 的不定式作賓補；o 例如：She asked me to call him again.o 很多動詞后面都可以有這種賓補，這類動詞有：ask，tell，want，wish，would，like，dislike，hate, advise, allow, permit 等。o a.讓 Tom 來給我們作報告 Ask Tom to

13、give us a lecture.ob.我不愿意你走。 I wouldnt like you to leave. 2不帶 to 的不定式作賓補；o 例如：We often hear the girl sing the song.o 能帶這種復合賓語的動詞為感官動詞、短語動詞和使役動詞如 let，feel，notice，help，make，have，listen to，hear，see，watch，look at，observe.o a.星期天我?guī)椭棠踢\水。o On Sunday, I help my grandma tocarry watero b.昨天晚上，我聽到有人在唱歌。o Last

14、 night, I heard someone sing songs.o 注：n 如果這種結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)，不定式就必然帶 to.n help 后的不定式可以帶 to 也可不帶 to.3分詞作賓補；o 例如：He heard somebody knocking on the window.o 現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補表示主動，且動作正在進行，過去分詞作賓補表示被動，或動作已 完成，也可以表示請別人做某事。能帶分詞作賓補的常見動詞為感官動詞：see，hear，notice， watch，feel 及 find，get，have這三個動詞為使役動詞等。o a.當我進來的時候，我看到你在玩電腦。o When

15、I came in, I saw you playing computer.o b.當我從教室經(jīng)過時，聽到有人在唱歌。o When I passed by the classroom, I heard someone singing songs.o c.明天，我要理發(fā)。o Tomorrow I will have my hair cut.o d.上周，我去修自行車。 Last week, I had my bike rapaired.4名詞作賓補；o 例如：We must keep it a secret.o 這類復合賓語只有在有限的一些動詞后使用，常見的動詞有：name，call，make，

16、elect，think，find，leave 等o What he have done made him a successful man.o a.我叫這只狗“飛飛。 I call the dog Feifeiob.我們讓王明做我們的班長。 We made WangMing our monitor oWhat he have done made him a successful man. 5形容詞作賓補。o 例如：You should keep the room clean.o 常見的能跟這種復合賓語的動詞有：make，keep，find，want，wish，like，see，think，be

17、lieve，leave 等。o The interesting story made me happy.o leave me aloneo 讓窗戶開著.Keep the window open.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換1.It seems that he will give us a talk tomorrow.o He seems to be giving us a talk tomorrow.o 2.I thought I hadn't covered the basket.o I had forgotten to cover the basket.o 3.If the rain stops，w

18、e'll have a picnic.o If it stops raining，we'll have a picnic.o 4.The teacher was listened to by them singing a song.o They listened to the teacher sing a song.o 5.I'll ask somebody to cut my hair.o I'll have my hair cut.1、標出下列句子的直接賓語和間接賓語。1. Can you do me a favor?2. Lei Feng set us a

19、 good example.3. He found me my bike.4. Tom lent her some money.5. I'll write you a letter tonight.2、標出下列句子的系動詞。1. We should keep cool.2. When did you become a teacher?3. How nice the meet smells!4. KFC tastes nice.3、標出下列句子的賓語補足語。1. We must keep the room clean.2. Internet makes our life better.3

20、. The teacher found the boy clever.4. They get everything ready in time.1.本節(jié)課重點在于成分以及句型結(jié)構(gòu)的講解。對于主語，謂語，賓語，表語，賓語補足語等概念進行了解和掌握一定要透徹。尤其是對謂語要分析透徹，這樣有利于其他幾個成分的掌 握。2 簡單句的基本句型。1. 主語+ 不及物動詞 S + V The time passed quickly.2. 主語 + 及物動詞 + 賓語 S + V +O We have planted a lot of trees in our hometown.3. 主語 + 系動詞 + 表語

21、 S + V + C Computers are useful in peoples life.4. 主語 + 及物動詞 + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語 S + V + IO + DO He bought me a birthday present.5. 主語 + 及物動詞 + 賓語 + 賓語補足語 S + V + O + C Miss Wang told me not to be discouraged.幾個句型，同學們，你們記住了嗎？1 指出下面句子分別屬于哪個句型。1 I will spend this summer holiday in the countryside.2 In the countryside I can enjoy a comfortable and quiet life.3 There, the air is fresh and the water is clean.4 I can hear birds singing in the green trees.5 I can also go boating, fishing, and swimming in the lake.6 So I want to go to the countryside for a change.1. S + V 2. S + V +O 3. S +