焦?fàn)t砌筑規(guī)程(英漢版)

1、N Desenhos RefernciaTtulo de Referncia焦?fàn)t砌筑規(guī)程COKE OVEN BRICKLAYING REGULATIONS設(shè) 計 人DESED.BY校 對 人CHKED.BY專 業(yè)DEPT.爐 體Coke Oven. pro.階 段STAGE詳細設(shè)計Detail.Des.設(shè)計經(jīng)理DES.MGR.EDCBA30/12/05LIYOUJUNYANGJUNFENGRevisoDataDescriptionContratadaNomeContratadaAprovadoGERDAU AOMINAS AprovadoSub.Contratada:Nmero:Verific

2、ado:Aprovado:Contratada:Nmero:421EL13065Verificado:SUNBINGXIAAprovado:ZHANGCHANGQINGVerificado:Aprovado:Ttulo do Desenho:BATTERYREFRACTORYCOKE OVEN BRICKLAYING REGULATIONSData:30/12/05Nmero: Pgina: Reviso:FormatoA42A02A02-E-1001-001A-NOME CONTRATADA目 錄Contens目 錄2CONTENTS2說明4Descriptions4第一章 總 則5Chap

3、ter 1 General5第二章 耐火材料的驗收、裝卸、運輸和保管6Chapter 2 Refractory Acceptance, Loading and Unloading, Transportation and Storage6第三章 泥漿7Chapter 3 Mortar7第四章 予砌筑8Chapter 4 Pre-assembly8第五章 焦?fàn)t基礎(chǔ)與抵抗墻10Chapter 5 Coke Oven Foundation and Buttress wall10第六章 中心線、標(biāo)高的設(shè)置、測量與檢查11Chapter 6 Central Line and Elevation Setup

4、 Measurement and Check11第七章 砌磚允許誤差12Chapter 7 Tolerance for Bricklaying12第八章 砌磚的一般規(guī)定16Chapter 8 General regulation of coke oven bricklaying16第九章 蓄熱室砌筑19Chapter 9 Bricklaying of regenerator19第十章 斜道砌筑22Chapter 10 Bricklaying of corbel zone22第十一章 炭化室區(qū)域砌筑23Chapter 11 Bricklaying of Coking Chamber Area23

5、第十二章 爐頂砌筑25Chapter 12 Bricklaying of Oven Top25第十三章 烘爐前后工作26Chapter 13 Jobs Before and After Heating up Coke Oven26第十四章 工程驗收資料27Chapter 14 Acceptance Documents of Project27說明Descriptions1. 本規(guī)程用于巴西ACOMINAS焦化工程中，作為焦?fàn)t爐體施工、質(zhì)量檢查驗收的依據(jù)。The regulations can be used as the basis for the construction quality e

6、xamination and acceptance during the construction of coke ovens for ACOMINAS project in Brazil.2 .焦?fàn)t施工過程中由業(yè)主（會同有關(guān)單位）組成焦?fàn)t砌筑質(zhì)量檢查驗收組，執(zhí)行逐層質(zhì)量檢查，逐日合格驗收工作，未經(jīng)合格驗收部分不得繼續(xù)施工。During the coke oven construction, the owner (together with the relative units) forms a coke oven bricklaying quality examination group t

7、o carry out quality examination and daily acceptance step by step. If the bricklaying is not qualified, this part of work can not be continued.3. 由設(shè)計、生產(chǎn)、施工等單位組成焦?fàn)t施工綜合小組，負責(zé)處理和解決施工過程中質(zhì)量方面的有關(guān)事宜。comprehensive construction group composed of the units of design, owner and construction etc. takes charge of

8、 handling and solving the matters relating to quality during the construction.第一章 總 則Chapter 1 General1.1本規(guī)程適用于JN60型焦?fàn)t的砌筑。The regulations are applicable to the bricklaying of JN60-type coke oven.1.2焦?fàn)t砌筑應(yīng)嚴格按施工圖進行，焦?fàn)t各區(qū)域采用的耐火材料應(yīng)符合設(shè)計和現(xiàn)行標(biāo)準的規(guī)定。The bricklaying of coke ovens is carried out strictly accordin

9、g to drawings, the refractories used for the various areas of coke ovens should conform to the stipulations of design and current material standards.1.3焦?fàn)t施工過程中發(fā)生材料代用，變更等事宜，及重大質(zhì)量問題需要處理時，必須先取得設(shè)計和業(yè)主等有關(guān)單位同意并簽發(fā)設(shè)計修改通知單后方準施工。If material substitution occurs, or design changes are made. the important quality

10、 problem need to be solved during coke oven construction, the construction work can only be started after the design and units concerned including the owner have agreed and the design notification modification.1.4為了制定烘爐曲線，應(yīng)分別從各砌磚區(qū)（燃燒室、斜道、蓄熱室）用量大的磚號中選取相同的兩組磚樣，其中一組磚樣用于測定熱膨脹曲線，另一組磚樣備查。試樣的測定應(yīng)在烘爐前結(jié)束。Two

11、groups of sample bricks are selected from the same bricks used in large amount in the various bricklaying areas (combustion chamber, connecting duct and regenerator) to determine the heat-up curve. One group of the sample bricks is used for measurement of the thermal expansion curve and the other gr

12、oup of sample bricks for spare examination. The test results of the sample bricks must be available before the heat-up of coke ovens is determined.1.5砌筑焦?fàn)t在工作棚內(nèi)進行，工作棚凈空尺寸除應(yīng)滿足爐體施工外還應(yīng)滿足安裝作業(yè)平臺和護爐設(shè)備。The bricklaying of coke ovens is carried out in the working shed. The net space dimensions of the shed sho

13、uld not only meet the requirements of the coke oven battery proper, but also the requirements of hoisting and erecting the operation platform and oven bracing and closure system.1.6焦?fàn)t砌體在烘爐前應(yīng)防潮防凍。Moisture and frozen prevention measures should be taken for the coke oven proper before the heat-up of co

14、ke ovens.1.7必須具備下列條件時，才允許開始砌筑焦?fàn)t。The bricklaying of coke ovens can be started only the following conditions are provided.1.7.1砌筑蓄熱室和斜道用耐火磚及輔助材料全部到貨，硅磚，粘土磚和高鋁磚的外型尺寸已經(jīng)過逐塊檢查驗收，并按砌磚順序分類堆放完畢，其它部位耐火磚及輔助材料也能按期到貨，并得到同上一樣的檢查和驗收保證。The refractory bricks and auxiliary materials used for regenerator and connectin

15、g duct are delivered to the construction site, the outer dimensions of silica bricks, fireclay bricks and high alumina bricks have been checked one by one, they are stacked according to bricklaying order and category, the refractory bricks and auxiliary materials for other areas of coke ovens also c

16、an be delivered to the construction site on schedule and they have been checked and accepted.1.7.2焦?fàn)t基礎(chǔ)，抵抗墻，煙道等土建構(gòu)筑物已施工完畢，經(jīng)檢查合格并簽定工序交接證明后，才可進行施工。The buildings and structures such as coke oven foundation, buttress wall and waste gas flues have been built and qualified by examination, the acceptance ce

17、rtificate have been signed.1.7.3筑爐大棚及其相應(yīng)的取暖、照明、防火裝置和設(shè)備均已安裝完畢，運送耐火磚及泥漿到現(xiàn)場的設(shè)備和措施已準備好，并能正常運轉(zhuǎn)。The construction shed and its corresponding heating, lighting equipment and fire prevention facilities have been installed, the equipment and facilities for transporting refractory bricks and mortar to the cons

18、truction site have been ready and can be run normally.1.7.4正面線縱橫中心線和標(biāo)高測量完畢，檢查砌磚質(zhì)量及標(biāo)定中心線用的測量標(biāo)樁已經(jīng)建完，測量儀器已經(jīng)準備完畢。The front line, longitudinal central line , horizontal center line and elevation have been measured, the refractory brick inspection and measuring stake for calibrating the central line have

19、been completed and measurement instruments are ready.1.7.5蓄熱室、斜道、炭化室有代表性的磚層和爐頂?shù)膹?fù)雜部位已予砌完；大部分加工磚已加工完。The representative layers of regenerator, connecting duct and coking chamber and the complicated zones on the top of coke ovens have been Pre-assembled and most of the bricks needing cutting according

20、to the design drawings have been finished.1.8 焦?fàn)t砌筑工程施工的安全技術(shù)、勞動保護、必須符合國家現(xiàn)行有關(guān)規(guī)定。The safety technique and labour protection for bricklaying of coke ovens have to conform to the relative current stipulations.第二章 耐火材料的驗收、裝卸、運輸和保管Chapter 2 Refractory Acceptance, Loading and Unloading, Transportation and S

21、torage2.1驗收、裝卸、運輸Acceptance, loading and unloading and transportation2.1.1耐火材料和制品應(yīng)按現(xiàn)行有關(guān)的標(biāo)準和技術(shù)條件驗收，保管和運輸。Refractory bricks and materials are accepted, stored and transported according to the relative current standards and technical requirements.2.1.2焦?fàn)t用硅磚、粘土磚和高鋁磚的外形和尺寸應(yīng)逐塊檢查驗收。Forms and dimension of s

22、ilica bricks and fireclay bricks and high alumina bricks for coke ovens should be inspected and accepted one by one.2.1.3裝運焦?fàn)t用耐火材料及制品的車船均應(yīng)清掃干凈，并有防雨措施。耐火材料及制品不得被雨淋浸。The trucks and ships for loading and transporting refractory materials and bricks should be cleaned and equipped with rain protection fa

23、cilities. They are not be rained and waterlogged.2.1.4裝卸車時應(yīng)輕拿輕放，避免碰撞損壞。不同種類不同磚號的耐火制品要標(biāo)志清楚，不能混號。Brick loading and unloading should be done with care to avoid damage during handling. Different kinds of bricks with different numbers should be marked clearly and can not be mixed.2.1.5運至施工現(xiàn)場的耐火材料和制品應(yīng)附有出廠

24、合格證及規(guī)定的化驗單。The refractory materials and bricks delivered to the construction site should have plant certificate and specified laboratory certificate.2.2保管Storage2.2.1硅磚、斷熱磚、輔助材料和耐火粉料應(yīng)存放在有蓋的倉庫內(nèi)。嚴禁被雨淋水浸。粘土磚可露天存放但應(yīng)覆蓋防雨布或采用其它防水措施。Silica bricks, insulating bricks, auxiliary products and refractory powder

25、 should be stored in the storage with roof. They are not allowed to be rained and waterlogged. Fireclay bricks can be placed in open air, but they should be covered with waterproof cloth or water protection measure should be taken.2.2.2耐火制品倉庫應(yīng)保持干燥、地坪平整堅實。The refractory storage should be kept dry and

26、 its floor should be flat and solid. 2.2.3砌筑前應(yīng)根據(jù)予砌的情況與耐火磚公差分布情況編制搭配使用上磚方案，并進行相應(yīng)加工。Before bricklaying, a sorting and application plan should be made according to the Pre-assembly result and refractory tolerance distribution, and corresponding machining should be done.2.2.4耐火磚應(yīng)按施工順序排列并按正負公差分垛堆放，磚垛上設(shè)置標(biāo)

27、牌，標(biāo)牌上應(yīng)注明該磚垛的磚號，數(shù)量、公差等。Refractory bricks should be arranged according to the bricklaying order and stacked in accordance with positive and negative tolerance. Brick stacks should be provided with brand marks on which the brick number, quantity, tolerance and so on should be given.2.2.5磚垛間應(yīng)留有0.50.6米的間

28、隙，磚垛高度一般不超過3米。The clearance from 0.5m to 0.6m should be kept between brick stacks and the heights of the stacks are normally not over 3m.2.2.6應(yīng)按搭配使用方案規(guī)定的數(shù)量往爐上運磚，嚴禁混亂使用。The bricks transported to coke oven battery should be according to the sorting and application plan and the mixing thereof is not al

29、lowed.2.2.7耐火泥及其它粉料均應(yīng)按品種，等級分別放置，嚴格分開，防止混淆。Refractory mortar and other fine materials should be placed according to variety and grade respectively, strict separate placing is required to avoid mixing.2.2.8耐火泥倉庫的地坪應(yīng)用普通紅磚干砌一層。保持地坪干燥，平正潔凈，頂蓋及側(cè)墻應(yīng)堅固嚴密，以防風(fēng)沙雨雪侵入。The floor of refractory mortar storage should

30、 be laid with one solid layer and kept dry and clean. Its roof and side wall should be solid and airtight to prevent the incursion of wind, sand blown by wind, rain and snow.2.2.9耐火材料倉庫內(nèi)禁止堆放其他粉料，油脂類等物。Other powdered materials, grease and so on are not allowed to be stored in the refractory storage.2

31、.2.10耐火材料倉庫及通往倉庫的運輸?shù)缆?，均?yīng)于耐火材料開始向現(xiàn)場運送前建成。The refractory storage and the transport roads to the storage should be built before the start of refractory conveying to the site.第三章 泥漿Chapter 3 Mortar3.1為保證火泥性質(zhì)穩(wěn)定，配制火泥時應(yīng)使用潔凈的清水。The mortar is tempered with pure tap water in such a way that it remains pliable

32、 and bonds well during application.3.2砌爐前，應(yīng)按火泥使用說明和試驗確定好泥漿的稠度、加水量添加劑量，在使用過程中，不能任意改變。Before bricklaying of coke ovens, the consistency , water adding amount and additive amount is determined by test and use specification of mortar. During its application, the water adding and additive adding are not

33、allowed at will.3.3泥漿的粘結(jié)時間視耐火制品外形尺寸的大小而定，宜為1-1.5分鐘。The bonding time for mortar depends on the outer dimensions of refractory bricks and 1-1.5 minutes are appropriate.3.4調(diào)制泥漿時，必須稱量準確，攪拌均勻，在使用時，還要經(jīng)常攪動，以防沉淀或分層，隔夜灰漿必須重新攪拌均勻，至泥團消失后才能使用。When proportioning of mortar is carried out, weighing should be accur

34、ate and mixing homogeneous. During application, frequent agitating is required to prevent precipitation and sedimentation. If mortar is kept for one night, its homogeneous remixing is required and can be applied after the mortar agglomerate is eliminated.3.5同時使用不同泥漿時，不得混用攪拌機和泥漿槽等機具。當(dāng)要更換另一種泥漿時，必須事先將攪

35、拌機及泥漿槽清洗干凈后，才能允許變動。When different mortars are applied at the same time, the use of the same mixer and same mortar tank are not allowed before cleaning. When the application of mortar is changed to another one, the mixer and mortar tank should be cleaned in advance, then they can be used.3.6摻有水泥、水玻璃的

36、泥漿應(yīng)在使用前1小時內(nèi)調(diào)制，泥漿已初凝結(jié)塊后不得使用。The mortar mixed with cement or water glass (sodium silicate) should be made within one hour before its application. For the mortar that becomes primarily coagulated, it can not be used.第四章 予砌筑Chapter 4 Pre-assembly4.1 在焦?fàn)t砌筑前，焦?fàn)t各主要部位應(yīng)進行予砌筑。Before the bricklaying of coke ov

37、ens, the Pre-assembly of the main parts of coke ovens should be carried out.4.2 予砌筑中應(yīng)著重發(fā)現(xiàn)或解決以下問題。During Pre-assembly, attention should be paid to find or solve the following problems.4.2.1檢查設(shè)計或磚型制作方面的錯誤；Checking the mistakes about design and brick shape manufacture;4.2.2檢查各種上磚方案的可行性；Checking the fea

38、sibility of various brick conveying proposals;4.2.3確定磚的加工量；Determining the amount of bricks to be machined;4.2.4檢查各種火泥的施工性能；Checking the workability of various kinds of mortars;4.2.5熟悉結(jié)構(gòu)特點，質(zhì)量關(guān)鍵及施工方法。Learning the structure features, quality key points and construction methods.4.3 予砌筑應(yīng)按正式的施工方法進行，并按驗收的

39、質(zhì)量標(biāo)準檢查設(shè)計、材料及施工存在的問題。為此，予砌所采用的耐火磚、火泥及工具等均應(yīng)與將來正式施工所采用的相同，不得用其他磚種、火泥等代替（但泥漿中不必摻入水玻璃和水泥）。標(biāo)板、標(biāo)桿、保護板、中心等均應(yīng)達到正式砌爐的質(zhì)量標(biāo)準。Pre-assembly should be carried out according to the formal construction methods, and design, materials and the problems existing during construction are examined according to the quality s

40、tandards for acceptance. Refractory bricks, mortars and tools used for Pre-assembly should be same as those to be used for formal bricklaying. The refractory bricks and mortars can not be replaced by other refractory bricks and mortars (it is not necessary to add water glass and cement to mortar). G

41、uiding board, mark post, flashplate, center and so on should be up to the quality standards for normal bricklaying of coke ovens.4.4 予砌筑時應(yīng)有生產(chǎn)廠、設(shè)計部門和施工單位的代表參加。During the Pre-assembly of coke ovens, the production plant, design unit and construction unit should take part in this work.4.5 予砌不得在露天進行，不得直

42、接在土地或木制基礎(chǔ)上進行。Pre-assembly can not be carried out in open air and can not done on the ground or wooden foundation.4.6 各主要部位的予砌筑范圍如下：The Pre-assembly scope of main locations are as follows.4.6.1小煙道部位：兩個主墻及其間的單墻、襯磚、蓖子磚等的全高，長度：由爐頭至中心隔墻。For sole flue location: the total heights of two main walls and the

43、wall between them, lining bricks, the sole flue port bricks and so on, lengths: from the oven end to central partition wall.4.6.2蓄熱室部位：在小煙道墻上砌筑奇數(shù)和偶數(shù)層各二層，并在蓄熱室中予砌兩層格子磚、封墻，長度同上。For regenerator location: two odd layers and two even layers of bricks are laid on the sole flue wall, two layers of chequer

44、bricks in regenerator and protection wall are Pre-assembled, the lengths are same as above- mentioned lengths.4.6.3斜道：兩個主墻及其間的單墻的全部磚層，包括其下部蓄熱室跨頂磚，長度同上。Connecting duct: all brick layers of two main walls and the wall between them, including top crossover bricks of the regenerator located under the wa

45、lls. Lengths are same as above- mentioned lengths.4.6.4立火道區(qū)：機焦側(cè)各至焦?fàn)t縱中心線，但兩個半段燃燒室應(yīng)并排砌筑，以便在其上部砌爐頂區(qū)。予砌高度包括下部廢氣循環(huán)孔及上部跨越孔各磚層，廢氣循環(huán)孔與跨越孔之間的奇數(shù)層及偶數(shù)層各一層，立火道頂?shù)钠鏀?shù)層與偶數(shù)層各一層。Vertical flue location: from coke side and pusher side to longitudinal central line, but two halves combustion chambers should be laid side b

46、y side in order to build oven top area on them. The Pre-assembly height includes the brick layers of lower waste gas circulation port and upper crossover port, there is one odd brick layer and one even brick layer between waste gas circulation port and crossover port. There is one odd brick layer an

47、d one even brick layer on the vertical flue top.注：爐頂區(qū)因機、焦側(cè)之寬度及爐頭磚型不同，所以兩側(cè)需全部在砌就之斜道上進行予砌。Note: because of the widths and end brick shapes of coke side and pusher side are different, the two sides should be Pre-assembled on the laid connecting duct.4.6.5爐頂區(qū)：在立火道最上一層磚上予砌炭化室跨頂磚，看火孔墻，上升管口，裝煤孔各一個。Oven top

48、 area: oven top crossover bricks are Pre-assembled on the top layer bricks of vertical flue. There is one inspection hole, ascension pipe hole and charging hole.4.7 在予砌時遇有個別磚型不足時，可按設(shè)計尺寸加工代替，但必須留有記錄，而被代替的磚號事后需單獨進行檢查。During Pre-assembly, if an individual brick NO. have not enough quantity used, it can

49、 be substituted by other brick need machining , but it should be recorded and inspected individually after Pre-assembly .4.8 予砌所得結(jié)果應(yīng)詳細記錄，其中包括：Pre-assembly results should be recorded in detail, including:4.8.1泥漿的工作性能。Workability of mortar;4.8.2耐火磚的外型公差情況及對砌體質(zhì)量的影響。Outer dimensional tolerance of refrac

50、tory bricks and its effect on brickwork quality;4.8.3統(tǒng)計相關(guān)的磚縫、耐火磚及實體輪廓等尺寸，決定加工磚的磚號、數(shù)量。Making the statistics of the dimensions of joints, refractory bricks and solid mass outlines to determine the number and quantity of the bricks to be machined;4.8.4砌體結(jié)構(gòu)缺陷。Defects of brickwork structure;4.8.5工具、標(biāo)板、標(biāo)桿

51、的使用情況等。Application results of tools, guiding board and mark post.4.9 拆出予砌筑砌體時應(yīng)當(dāng)仔細進行，所有拆下的磚均應(yīng)回收入庫，在正式砌磚時使用。The removal of the Pre-assembled brickwork should be carried out carefully, all removed bricks should be stored in the refractory storage and are used when the normal bricklaying is done.4.10 一般

52、予砌筑宜在正式砌磚前一個月結(jié)束。Normally it is better to end the Pre-assembly one month before the start of formal bricklaying.第五章 焦?fàn)t基礎(chǔ)與抵抗墻Chapter 5 Coke Oven Foundation and Buttress wall焦?fàn)t砌磚前，應(yīng)結(jié)束下列工作：Before the bricklaying of coke ovens, the following work should be ended.5.1 鋼筋混凝土基礎(chǔ)表面，經(jīng)表面打毛并用水沖洗后抹水泥沙漿，至達到規(guī)定的設(shè)計標(biāo)高為

53、止。For the surface of the reinforced concrete foundation, the surface should be hacked off and washed with water, then smeared with cement mortar until reaching to the design specified elevation.5.2 抹上水泥沙漿，至少經(jīng)過三天后，用敲打法檢查抹面層與混凝土結(jié)合程度，發(fā)出啞音時，必須將該部分打掉重新抹面。After cement mortar is smeared, it should stay the

54、re at least for three days and then the bonding degree between float coat and concrete is examined by knocking method. If hoarse sound is heard, the float coat should be removed and smeared with cement mortar again.5.3 用水平儀檢查抹面層標(biāo)高，基礎(chǔ)平臺表面應(yīng)平坦均勻，允許誤差5毫米，即在一米距離內(nèi)標(biāo)高差不應(yīng)超過5毫米，超差地段必須打掉重抹?；A(chǔ)表面有鋪磚層時，鋪磚面標(biāo)高允許誤差5

55、毫米，即一米的距離內(nèi)標(biāo)高差不應(yīng)超過5毫米。檢查方法是，用長度為2米的木靠尺檢查，表面與靠尺間隙不大于7毫米。The elevation of float coat is measured with a gradienter, the foundation deck surface should be flat and even and the tolerance is 5mm, that is to say, the elevation difference should not be over 5mm within 1m distance. For the float coat with e

56、levation difference over 5mm, the float coat should be smeared again. When the foundation surface has a brick laid layer, the tolerance of the brick laid layer is 5mm, that is to say, the elevation difference should not be over 5mm within 1m distance. The measuring method is that the wooden guiding rule with 2m length is used to measure the difference, the clearance between the surface and the guiding rule is not over 7mm.5.4 鋼筋混凝土抵抗墻靠爐體一側(cè)的表面應(yīng)用水泥沙漿抹平。The surface of the side of the reinforced concrete buttress wall abut against the oven pr