閱讀大賽樣卷_0526精編版

1、2016“外研社杯”全國(guó)英語(yǔ)閱讀大賽樣題Part I Read and KnowIn Part I, you will read short texts of various kinds. Read the instructions carefully and answer the questions. (Time allowed: 22 minutes)Questions 1-3 (Suggested completion time: 5 minutes)Directions: Read the following quotes. Match the quotes on the left w

2、ith the people on the right.Please note there are two extra options you do not need to use._1. Give me a lever long enough and a fulcrum onA. John Lockewhich to place it, and I shall move the world.B. Archimedes_2.Morality is not the doctrine of how we may makeC. Aristotleourselves happy, but how we

3、 may make ourselves worthyD. Immanuel Kantof happiness.( 道德并不是我們?cè)鯓邮棺约盒腋?，而是我E. Steve Jobs們?nèi)绾慰梢允棺约号涞蒙闲腋５膶W(xué)說(shuō)。)_3.You can't connect the dots looking forward;youcan only connect them looking backwards. So you have totrust that the dots will somehow connect in your future.Questions 4 (Suggested complet

4、ion time: 2 minutes)Directions: Read the text, and answer the question according to the text.To ensure the high standards of facilities we need to build new wards, laboratories and consulting rooms. In short, we need your help now. Complete the coupon today and rest assured that your donation is goi

5、ng to the best possible cause.4. Where is the piece of text taken from?A. an advertisementB. an instruction bookletC. a storyD. a newspaperQuestions 5 (Suggested completion time: 2 minutes)Directions: Read the text, and answer the question according to the text.Few corners of the world remain untain

6、ted by intrepid tourists, and their impact is often devastating. Too frequently they trample heedlessly on fragile environments, displacing wildlife and local populations in their insatiable quest for unexplored locations.5. What is the best title for this text?A. The future of tourismB. The role of

7、 tourismC. The price of tourismD. The benefits of tourismQuestions 6 (Suggested completion time: 2 minutes)Directions: Read the text, and answer the question according to the text.Buying and selling anything is your forte now. If you visit a jumble or car-boot sale or the like, a romantic encounter

8、is more than probable! News linked to the family is brilliant!16. What type of text is this?A. A personal advertisement.B. A personal horoscope.C. A friendsletter of advice.D. A written warning.Questions 7 (Suggested completion time: 2 minutes)Directions: Read the text, and answer the question accor

9、ding to the text.With our travel agency, the holiday you book is the holiday you get. If you arrive and findwe ve failed to live up to our promises, let us know what the problem is within one day of yourarrival. We ll spend 24 hours doing everything possible to sort the problem out. In the unlikelye

10、vent that we cantresolve your problem and make you happy within24 hours, we ll fly youhome and give your money back.7. The text could best be described as _.A. a commitmentB. an appealC. a warningD. a vowQuestions 8 (Suggested completion time: 2 minutes)Directions: Read the text, and answer the ques

11、tion according to the text.The new digital cameras are great fun and very easy to use. They let you review yourpictures the moment you take them, so you can re-shoot right away if you re not satisfied. But remember, a digital camera is just a computer XXXX. It s not a replacement for your ordinary c

12、amera.8. What is the meaning of the missing word (XXXX) in the text?A. “something that is poor quality ”B. “an item that is not essential, something extra ”C. “something expensive but good value for money ”D. “a fashion which always remains popular ”Questions 9 (Suggested completion time: 2 minutes)

13、Directions: Read the text, and answer the question according to the text.She had gone alone, but the children were to go to the station to meet her. And loving the station as they did, it was only natural that they should be there a good hour before there was any chance of Mother strain arriving, ev

14、en if the train were punctual, which was most unlikely.9. What can you say about their mother strain?A. It would probably be early.B. It would probably be on time.C. It would probably be late.D. It had been cancelled.2Question 10 (Suggested completion time: 5 minutes)Directions: The bar chart shows

15、the number and proportion of undernourished people in the developing regions, from 1990?1992 to 2014?2016. Answer the question according to the information in the chart.Source: The Millennium Development Goals (MDG) Report201510. Choose the INCORRECT description about the chart.A. Current estimates

16、suggest that nearly one in nine individuals do not have enough to eat between 2014 and 2016.B. Projections indicate that the 2015 MDG target is nearly reached, with 12.9 per cent of undernourished population.C. The situation noticeably improved during the years 1995-1999, but went down in the first

17、five years of the new millennium.D. The proportion of undernourished people in the developing regions has fallen by almost half since 1990.3Part II Read and ReasonIn Part II, you will read short texts on different subjects. Read the instructions carefully and answer the questions based on logical in

18、ference and reasoning. (Time allowed: 38 minutes)Question 11-12 (Suggested completion time: 10 minutes)Directions: Read the definitions of two types of logical fallacy. Answer the questions according to the definitions.Poisoning the WellPoisoning the well is a rhetorical technique and logical fallac

19、y where adverse information about a target is preemptively presented to an audience, with the intention of discrediting or ridiculing everything that the target person is aboutto say. It uses the association of negative emotions to distract a subject from actual evidence in an argument.11. Which of

20、the following provides a typical example of poisoning the well?A. That mys stance on funding the education system, and anyone who disagrees with me hates children.B. You are so weird. That means we are pretty much sure that your whole family is weird, too.C. God exists because the Bible says so. The

21、 Bible is inspired. Therefore, we know that God exists.D. I don t care what you say. We don t need any more bookshelves. As long as the carpet isclean, we are fine.False DilemmaA false dilemma arises when we allow ourselves to be convinced that we have to choose between two and only two mutually exc

22、lusive options, when that is untrue. Generally, when this rhetorical strategy is used, one of the options is unacceptable and repulsive, while the other is the one the manipulator wantsus to choose. Whoever succumbs to this trap has thus made a choice that is forced, and as such, of little value.12.

23、 Which of the following provides a typical example of a false dilemma? A. Smoking is harmful to health, so you are supposed to quit smoking.B. If the government doesn t reducespending,ublic our economy will collapse.C. You may as well avoid overeating, or else you might be obese in no time.D. You ar

24、e the worst of the classmates; therefore, what you say is incredible.4Questions 13 (Suggested completion time: 4 minutes)Directions: Read the passage about syllogism. Decide whether the reasonings are Valid or Invalid based on the principles of syllogism.Syllogism is a kind of logical argument that

25、applies deductive reasoning to arrive at a conclusionbased on two or more propositio ns that are asserted or assumed to be true. It is perhaps today most commonly accepted form of logical reasoning in aptitude tests. The most commonly usedtype of syllogisms is elucidated in a frequently used example

26、:Premise 1: All men are mortal.Premise 2: Socrates is a man.Conclusion: Socrates is mortal.Now practice syllogisms for IQ tests. Please note that the conclusion is based on logical reasoningand doesn t necessarily represent the“. truth” always13. Valid (); Invalid ()Premise 1: All human action is co

27、nditioned by circumstances.Premise 2: All human action involves morality.Conclusion: All that involves morality is conditioned by circumstances.Questions 14 (Suggested completion time: 4 minutes)Directions: Read the passage about contraposition. Decide whether the reasonings are Valid or Invalid bas

28、ed on the principles of contraposition.In logic, contraposition is a law that says that a conditional statement is logically equivalent to its contrapositive. The contrapositive of the statement has its antecedent and consequent inverted and flipped. The most commonly used type of contraposition is

29、elucidated in the following example:Premise 1: If it is raining, then there are clouds in the sky.Premise 2: There are no clouds in the sky.Conclusion: It is not raining.Now practice contrapositionfor IQ tests. Please note that the conclusion is based on logicalreasoning and doesn t necessarily repr

30、esent the“ truth” always.14. Valid (); Invalid ()Premise 1: If he is not an American, he is not from Texas.Premise 2: He is from Texas.Conclusion: He is an American.Questions 15-17 (Suggested completion time: 6 minutes)Directions: Read the text about a science discovery. Answer the questions accordi

31、ng to the text.Manipulating MemoryMemory is notoriously malleable. Our recollections fade and take on new meanings; sometimes we remember things that never evenhappened. But15.Recently, however, scientists have started to grasp and tinker with memory sphysical basis. Last year, in work evocative of

32、films such5as Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind and Inception, researchers discovered ways to manipulate specific memories in mice using optogenetics, a powerful technique that can triggernervecells in animals brains by zapping themwithbeams of laser light.In a series ofexperiments, they showed

33、that they could delete existing memories and“ incept” false ones.This year, researchers went even further: switching the emotional content of a memory in micefrom bad to good and vice versa. Under the laser, for example, male mice that had once associated a certain room with being shocked were trick

34、ed into acting as though they had once met friendly female mice there instead.Whether the mice in these experiments actually experienced vivid false memories or just a fuzzy sense of pleasure or fear is unclear. Nor is it clear whether the findings apply to the tricks of memory so familiar to people

35、. Long-sought therapeutic advances, such as treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder, could remain far off. One thing is certain, however: Once considered beyond scientific dissection, memory is finally starting to yield its secrets.15. Which of the following best fits the numbered space in the

36、 passage?A. what is really happening in our brain as memories are remodeled remains mysteriousB. scientists are curious about why people are oblivious to what have happened to themC. advanced technology has helped scientists discover the workings of our brainD. some scientists argue that what we obs

37、erve about human memory is not what it really is16. The word incept“” is closest in meaning to_.A. operateB. startC. detectD. occupy17. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A. People s false memories result from the impact of different emotion provoked by later experience on the s

38、ame spot.B.The success in research indicates that it won t be long that a therapy is worked out forpeople disturbed by painful memory.C. By zapping the brain cells of mice with light, researchers are able to create, erase, or alter their memories, good or bad.D. Many fancy ideas in science fictions

39、or movies that are based on them actually draw greatly upon scientific achievement.6Questions 18-19 (Suggested completion time: 4 minutes)Directions: Read the following passage about cholera. Decide whether the statements are True or False according to the passage.A child receives the oral cholera v

40、accine ShancholCholera is caused by a bacterial infection of the intestine. Approximately one in 20 people infected with cholera has a serious case, with symptoms including severe diarrhea, vomiting, and leg cramps. These symptoms quickly cause dehydration and shock, and can result in death within h

41、ours if the infected person doesn receivet treatment. Cholera is typically transmitted by contaminated food or water. In areas with poor treatment of sewage and drinking water, the feces of people with cholera can enter the water supply and spread quickly, resulting in an epidemic. The cholera bacte

42、rium may also live in the environment in some coastal waters, so shellfish eaten raw can be a source of cholera in affected areas.18. Cholera is known to be a life-threatening disease which easily causes death of most of the patients.True ()False ()19. Cholera typically occurs in areas near the sea

43、or the river where contaminated food is a major source of the disease.True ( ) False ( )Questions 20-21 (Suggested completion time: 5 minutes)Directions: Read the abstract of a research paper from the DeepMind website. Decide whether the statements are True or False according to the abstract.7Teachi

44、ng Machines to Read and ComprehendAuthors: K. M. Hermann, T. Ko?isky, E. Grefenstette, L. Espeholt, W. Kay, M. Suleyman, P. BlunsomPublished: NIPS 2015Abstract: Teaching machines to read natural language documents remains an elusive challenge. Machine reading systems can be tested on their ability t

45、o answer questions posed on the contents of documents that they have seen, but until now large scale training and test datasets have been missing for this type of evaluation. In this work we define a new methodology that resolves this bottleneck and provides large scale supervised reading comprehens

46、ion data. This allows us to develop a class of attention based deep neural networks that learn to read real documents and answer complex questions with minimal prior knowledge of language structure.20. Previous studies didn take constant effort to evaluate the reading ability of artificial intellige

47、nce machines, which was why the present research was conducted.True ()False ()21. One implication of the research is that a methodology that helps gather and handle big data is indispensible to artificial intelligence related studies.True ( ) False ( )Questions 22-23 (Suggested completion time: 5 mi

48、nutes)Directions: Read the passage about the “ Think small ”advertising campaign. Answer the questions according to the passage.Think SmallIf you interested in marketing and advertising, Volkswagen s“ Think small ”campaign for the Beetle when it was first introduced to North America in 1959 looms la

49、rge as one of the greatest advertising campaigns of all time. It wasn just a revolution in automotive advertising; it changed the entire industry.Until the Beetle hit the market, automotive marketing copy was full of bluster, and the images were flights of fancy, emphasizing low, long lines and a fa

50、ntasy lifestyle.The clean, simple photographyon a whitebackground thatemphasized the Beetle s compact, practicalformmay seem commonplace these days, but it was a revolution in a world where Americans grew up obsessed with muscle cars, horsepower, andtire smoke. Making the car small, when the convent

51、ion was to make it fill the page, was also novel. The simplistic approach to design and layout was totally contrary to the advertising conventions of the time._ 22_ The text was minimalist in both look and content, presenting the facts simply instead of trying to weave tall tales and fantasies; and

52、instead of bluster, it ushered in an intelligent sense of humor that made readers feel like they were in on the joke. The message was one of smart anti-luxury, and took gentle aim at an industry obsessed with superficiality and styling, rather than the substance underneath the car bodies.8Not only d

53、oes“ Think small” continue to inspire Volkswagen advertising to this day, it ushered in acreative revolutionin the advertising business and changed the world of marketing forever.“ Thinksmall ”showed the power of humor and hon esty, and its photographic and design principles brought about a major sh

54、ift in the look and feel of marketing around the world.22. Which of the sentences below best fits the numbered space in the passage?A. What defined the ad even more than its visual style was the tone of its copy.B. This ad starts off doing the exact opposite of what you would expect in a car ad.C. This was an exercise in minimalism and a very accurate reflection on the product itself.D. The car wasn t depicted as an integral piece of the ydaillives of a middle class family.23. It can be inferr