2014賓語(yǔ)從句課件

1、2014年中考命題要點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化與新題預(yù)測(cè)賓語(yǔ)從句【考點(diǎn)串講】中考對(duì)賓語(yǔ)從句考查的重點(diǎn)是引導(dǎo)詞、時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)序高頻考向一賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞賓語(yǔ)從句是陳述句，引導(dǎo)詞用that，在口語(yǔ)中that可以省略。如：We believe(that)he is honest.我們相信他是誠(chéng)實(shí)的。如果賓語(yǔ)從句由一般疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)換而來(lái)，其引導(dǎo)詞用if或whether。一般情況下，二者可以通用，但從句中有or not或從句充當(dāng)介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，只能用whether。如：I don't know if/whether she will come here.我不知道是否她將來(lái)這兒。Sorry，I don't know w

2、hether he will come or not.對(duì)不起，我不知道他是否會(huì)來(lái)。賓語(yǔ)從句是特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞就是特殊疑問(wèn)詞。如：Could you tell me where the post office is？你能告訴我郵局在哪里嗎？The teacher asked the students what they were doing.老師問(wèn)這些學(xué)生正在做什么。【例1】【2013，廣州】Could you say it again？I can't understand _ you are talking about.Ahow Bwhen Cwhat Dwhich解析：how和w

3、hen在賓語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)，而此處賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞在賓語(yǔ)從句中作talk about的賓語(yǔ)，故排除A、B兩項(xiàng)；what“什么”，which“哪一個(gè)”，由句意“我無(wú)法理解你正在談?wù)撌裁础笨芍獞?yīng)用what。答案：_C_【例2】【2012，安徽】Could you tell me _ he came here?He drove here himself.Ahow Bwhy Cwhen Dwhether解析：本題考查賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。how“怎樣”，why“為什么”；when“什么時(shí)候”；whether“是否”。由答語(yǔ)“他是自己開(kāi)車(chē)來(lái)這兒的”知問(wèn)句為“你能告訴我他是怎樣來(lái)這兒的嗎？”。答案：_A_高頻考

4、向二賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)賓語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)是由主句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)決定的，一般有下面幾種情況：主句的時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)或祈使句時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)要根據(jù)具體的情況用相應(yīng)的任何時(shí)態(tài)。如：He says he will ask Mr.Hu to give Jim some work.他說(shuō)他將叫胡先生給吉姆一些工作。主句的時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)要用相應(yīng)的某一過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)。如：She said she missed us very much.她說(shuō)她非常想念我們。從句表示的是客觀(guān)真理、普遍真理、自然現(xiàn)象時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)一律使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：He said that

5、the sun is bigger than the earth.他說(shuō)太陽(yáng)比地球大?！纠?】【2013，上?！縏he official said that they _ a new law to protect the tourists the next year.Amakes Bwould makeCmade Dhave made解析：主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞said是過(guò)去式，因此從句也應(yīng)用過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)，由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)the next year可知應(yīng)用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。答案：_B_【例4】 Can you tell me _ the prize，Tom?Last yearAwhen you got Bwhen

6、 did you getCwhen will you get Dwhen you will get解析：賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序須是陳述句語(yǔ)序，排除B、C項(xiàng)；由答句last year可知從句的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。答案：_A_高頻考向三賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序含有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，賓語(yǔ)從句要使用陳述語(yǔ)序，即“引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)其他”。如：I want to know when the train left.我想知道火車(chē)什么時(shí)候離開(kāi)的。注意：有些特殊疑問(wèn)句本身是陳述句語(yǔ)序。如：What's wrong with？/Which is the way to？/ What happened to you？/What&#

7、39;s the matter/trouble？/Who studies the hardest in your class?do you think后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，特殊疑問(wèn)詞即引導(dǎo)詞要前置，do you think作為插入語(yǔ)。如：Who do you think he is talking with？你認(rèn)為他正在和誰(shuí)交談？由do，does，did構(gòu)成的疑問(wèn)句，在轉(zhuǎn)換成賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要去掉do，does，did，且從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)主句時(shí)態(tài)作出相應(yīng)的變化。如：Does he sing well？The music teacher asked him.The music teacher ask

8、ed him if(whether)he sang well.這個(gè)音樂(lè)老師想知道他唱得是否好。如果是will，be，have，can組成的疑問(wèn)句，在變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要把這些詞還原到句中原來(lái)的謂語(yǔ)位置上，并根據(jù)主句的時(shí)態(tài)作相應(yīng)的變化。如：Will you be free tomorrow？She asked me.She asked me if(whether) I would be free tomorrow.她問(wèn)我明天是否是空閑的?！纠?】【2013，濱州】Hi，Bruce.Here is a letter for you.Thanks.I wonder _.Awho the letter

9、was fromBwho was from the letterCwho was the letter fromDwho from the letter was解析：賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)序，即be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞都應(yīng)放在主語(yǔ)后，在此賓語(yǔ)從句中，主語(yǔ)是the letter，謂語(yǔ)was from應(yīng)放在主語(yǔ)后，故排除選項(xiàng)B和C；選項(xiàng)D將from置于主語(yǔ)前，是錯(cuò)誤的。句意“嗨，布魯斯。這兒有你的一封信”“謝謝。我想知道這封信是誰(shuí)寄來(lái)的。”答案：_A_【例6】【2012，桂林】Can you tell me _ this morning?Sorry，I've no idea.Awhy did

10、n't Daming come to schoolBwhy Daming didn't come to schoolCwhy doesn't Daming come to schoolDwhy Daming doesn't come to school解析：由this morning可知事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去，故排除C、D兩項(xiàng)；賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用陳述句語(yǔ)序。答案：_B_高頻考向四賓語(yǔ)從句的否定前移在賓語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為think，believe，expect，imagine，suppose等時(shí)，如果主句為I或we時(shí)，從句中表示否定意義的not應(yīng)移到think，bel

11、ieve，expect，imagine，suppose等前。如：I don't suppose he will come.我猜他不會(huì)來(lái)。注意：如果主句主語(yǔ)不是I或we，則not不前移。如：She thinks she can't arrive there on time.她認(rèn)為她不能按時(shí)到那兒?！纠?】 翻譯：我認(rèn)為明天不會(huì)下雨。I_don't_think_it_will_rain_tomorrow.高頻考向五賓語(yǔ)從句的轉(zhuǎn)化當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)相同，且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是hope，wish，decide等時(shí)，從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如：I hope that I can

12、see you again.I hope to see you again.我希望能再次見(jiàn)到你。當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)相同，且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是know，remember，forget，learn等時(shí)，從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為“疑問(wèn)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：I don't know what I should say.I don't know what to say.我不知道該說(shuō)什么。當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是ask，tell，show，teach等，且賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的間接賓語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為“不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”或“疑問(wèn)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Mr.Hu tells us that we shouldn&

13、#39;t draw on the wall.Mr.Hu tells us not to draw on the wall.胡老師告訴我們不應(yīng)該在墻上畫(huà)畫(huà)。Will you please tell me where I can buy stamps?Will you please tell me where to buy stamps？請(qǐng)告訴我在哪兒能買(mǎi)到郵票？有些賓語(yǔ)從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，常用動(dòng)詞find，think，make。如：I think it is necessary for us to learn to wait.I think it necessary for us to

14、learn to wait.I find she is a good girl.I find her a good girl.由what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為定語(yǔ)從句。如：We did what we could to help you.We did everything (that) we could to help you.Robert saw what Mr.Smith did.Robert saw everything (that) Mr.Smith did.【例8】 將下列句子改為簡(jiǎn)單句。【2012，隨州】The teacher told the boy he shouldn'

15、;t spend too much time playing games.解析：主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是tell，賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)是主句的間接賓語(yǔ)，故從句可簡(jiǎn)化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)：tell sb.not to do sth.。答案：The_teacher_told_the_boy_not_to_spend_too_much_time_playing_games.【要點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化】【例1】【2013河南】35. Miss Lee, I didn't catch what you said. Could you tell me _ again?OK.A. what should we take B. where

16、 shall we meetC. when we would start D. how we will get there【解析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句的用法。賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序，排除A和B。由下文中的again可知，用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。答案：_D_【例2】【2013河北】44. If you can't find the place, I will show you_ . A. what it is B. what it was C. where it is D. where it was【解析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句的用法。根據(jù)句子的語(yǔ)境可知此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，排除答案B和D，根據(jù)句意可知此處表示“指給對(duì)方

17、處所”，故用where。答案：_C_【例3】【2013江蘇徐州】14. Could you tell me _ yesterday?Because my bike was broken on my way here. A. why you came late B. why do you come lateC. why you come late D. why did you come late【解析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句的用法。賓語(yǔ)從句用成陳述句的語(yǔ)序，因此排除選項(xiàng)B、D，又由句中的時(shí)間yesterday知，賓語(yǔ)從句用成一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。答案：_A_1.【2013江蘇淮安】10. When H7N9 bi

18、rd flu first appeared, people didn't know _ doctors could cure it.A. if B. that C. what D. why【解析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意“當(dāng)H7N9流感首次出現(xiàn)的時(shí)候, 人們不知道醫(yī)生是否能夠治愈”, if是否。答案：_A_2.【2013江蘇常州】9.How soon will you start your journey?Im not sure. I havent decided .A. when shall I ask the boss for leaveB. where I will go to

19、 spend the holidayC. whether I would go by train or by planeD. who could invite me to go【解析】本題考查賓語(yǔ)從句的用法。賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述句語(yǔ)序，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。答案：_B_3.【2013湖南益陽(yáng)】27.I dont know_.A. where she comes from B. how old is she C. when was she born【解析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句的用法。賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述語(yǔ)序，選項(xiàng)B、C都是疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序。根據(jù)句意：我不知道她來(lái)自哪里。答案：_A_4.【2013湖北宜昌】

20、39. Could you tell me _? To get ready for the High School Entrance Exam. A. what he is busy B. why he stays up C. if he is worried D. where he can pass the exam 答案：_B_5.【2013浙江杭州】27.I dont understand _ that everythings fine when its not.A. how can he sayB. can he say howC. he can say howD. how he ca

21、n say【解析】本題考查賓語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句需要使用陳述語(yǔ)序，且連接詞位于從句句首。答案：_D_6.【2013浙江紹興】24.Do you know _Jane visits her grandparents?Once a week. She loves them deeply.A. how soon B. how often C. how long D. how far【解析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句連接副詞的用法。how soon多久，常對(duì)將來(lái)時(shí)間提問(wèn)；how often多久一次，多對(duì)表“頻度”的詞提問(wèn)；how long多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，常對(duì)“一段時(shí)間”提問(wèn)；how far多遠(yuǎn)，常對(duì)距離、路程提問(wèn)。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)“

22、Once a week”可知：是詢(xún)問(wèn)的頻度，故用how often引導(dǎo)。答案：_B_7.【2013重慶】36Did the radio say_? Yes，from Hunan A. how the bad rice came Bwhere the bad rice came from Chow did the bad rice come Dwhere did the bad rice come from解析：本題考查賓語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序，排除D項(xiàng)；由答語(yǔ)“Yes，from Hunan”可推知問(wèn)句與地點(diǎn)相關(guān)，因此引導(dǎo)詞用where。答案：_B_8.【2013廣東湛江】30. I wan

23、t to know Sorry. Ive no idea. But she was here just nowA. where is Ann B. where Ann is C. where was Ann D. where Ann was【解析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。由賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)該用陳述語(yǔ)序可排除B、C選項(xiàng)；再由答語(yǔ)可知詢(xún)問(wèn)的是安現(xiàn)在在哪里。答案：_B_【新題預(yù)測(cè)】【上海市徐匯區(qū)2014年中考二?！?3. Many people are wondering _.A) whether is the meat from the lab bad for their health B) whether th

24、e meat from the lab is bad for their health C) whether is bad for their health the meat from the lab D) whether from the lab the meat is bad for their health【答案】B【江蘇省南京市玄武區(qū)2014年中考一?！?4. I hear people talk about “Wisdom of the printed page”. They wonder .A. whether can the young afford to read books

25、B. where do the Chinese people like to read booksC. when the Chinese can realize the importance of readingD. why do Chinese people spend lots of their time playing mobiles【答案】C【鶴壁市2014年初中畢業(yè)調(diào)研暨中考第二次模擬】35. I didnt understand _, so I raised my hand to ask. A. what my teacher says B. what does my teacher sayC. what my teacher said D.