新概念英語第二冊第16課

1、 Lesson 16 A polite request 彬彬有禮的要求If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it. You will be very lucky if he lets you go without a ticket. However, this does not always happen. Traffic police are sometimes very polite. During a holiday in Sweden, I found this note

2、on my car: Sir, we welcome you to our city. This is a No Parking area. You will enjoy your stay here if you pay attention to our street signs. This note is only a reminder. If you receive a request like this, you cannot fail to obey it!New words and expressions 生詞和短語park v. 停放（汽車） traffic n. 交通 tick

3、et tikit n. 交通違規(guī)罰款單 note nutn. 便條area ri n. 地段 sign sain n. 指示牌 reminder rmand n. 提示 fail feil v. 無視，忘記 obey bei v. 服從參考譯文 一旦你把汽車停錯了地方，交通警很快就會發(fā)現(xiàn)。如果他沒給你罰單就放你走了，算你走運。然而，情況并不都是這樣，交通警有時也很客氣。有一次在瑞典度假，我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的車上有這樣一個字條：“先生，歡迎您光臨我們的城市。此處是禁止停車區(qū)。如果您對我們街上的標牌稍加注意，您在此會過得很愉快的。謹此提請注意?！比绻闶盏竭@樣的懇求，你是不會不遵照執(zhí)行的！1.A polit

4、e request 彬彬有禮的要求1) polite plaitadj. (politer, politest) more polite和most polite亦常見1. having or showing good manners and respect for the feelings of others有禮貌的；客氣的；儒雅的 synonym: courteous k:tis有禮貌的；客氣的；(尤指) 恭敬的，謙恭的e.g. 請禮貌待客。Please be polite to our guests.2. socially correct but not always sincere 應酬

5、的；禮節(jié)性的；客套的：e.g. 我不曉得怎么說應酬話。I dont know how to make polite conversation.3. only before noun from a class of society that believes it is better than others上流社會的adv. politely n. u politeness2) request rikwest n., v.n. (for sth.) / (that)1. the action of asking for sth. formally and politely(正式或禮貌的)要求，請

6、求：e.g. 他們要求再給一些幫助。They made a request for further aid.他按照經理的要求到了那里。He was there at the request of his manager/at his managers request.(=because his manager had asked him to go)2. a thing that you formally ask for要求的事 e.g. 廣播點播節(jié)目 a radio request programme (=a programme of music, songs, etc. that list

7、eners have asked for)v. sth. (from sb.) (formal) to ask for sth. or ask sb. to do sth. in a polite or formal way(正式或禮貌地)請求；要求e.g. vn 你可以索要一份免費的宣傳單。You can request a free copy of the leaflet.(copy n. c 1. (書、報紙等的一本，一冊，一份) 2. c (of sth.) 復印件，復制品)(leafletli:flit n. 散頁印刷品；傳單；宣傳手冊；廣告手冊)vn to inf 請不要在餐館里吸

8、煙。You are requested not to smoke in the restaurant.他們要求他離開。They requested him to leave. v that 她要求下次開會前不要向任何人透露她的決定。 She requested that no one be told of her decision until the next meeting. 她要求不要向任何人談起她的決定。She requested that no one should be told of her decision.2. If you park your car in the wrong

9、 place, a traffic policeman will soon find it. 一旦你把汽車停錯了地方，交通警很快就會發(fā)現(xiàn)。1) 英語中指每個人/任何人的不定代詞通常是one:e.g. 一個人永遠不會知道明天將會發(fā)生什么事。(即大家都不知道)One can never know what will happen tomorrow.但在日常會話中，非正式的you則更為常用：e.g. 如果你進行一次環(huán)球旅行的話，你就會看到許多風景勝地。(you為泛指)If you make a journey around the world, youll see many beauty spots

10、.2) park p:k v., n.v. 1. to leave a vehicle that you are driving in a particular place for a period of time.停(車)；泊(車)e.g. v 此處不準停車。You cant park here. vn 此處禁止停車。You cant park the car here.2. vn.+adv./prep. yourself (informal) to sit or stand in a particular place for a period of time坐下(或站著) e.g. 她坐在

11、床沿上。She parked herself on the edge of the bed.n. 1. c an area of public land in a town or a city where people go to walk, play and relax公園e.g. 我們去公園散了散步。We went for a walk in the park.2. (in compounds構成復合詞) an area of land used for a particular purpose專用區(qū)；園區(qū)e.g. 商業(yè)/科學園區(qū) a business/science park 野生動物園

12、 a wildlife park ( wildlife n. u 野生動物；野生生物)3. c (in Britain) an enclosed area of land, usually with fields and trees, attached to a large country house(英國)莊園；庭院4. c (AmE) a piece of land for playing sports, esp. baseball 運動場；(尤指)棒球場5.(the park) (BrE) a football or rugby field 足球場；橄欖球場(rugby rbi n. u

13、 橄欖球運動)3) 句尾的it代指的是句子的整個if從句，即你把汽車停錯了地方這件事。parking n. u1. the act of stopping a vehicle at a place and leaving it there for a period of time停車；泊車e.g. 上午九時至下午六時此處禁止停車。There is no parking here between 9 a.m. and 6 p.m.2. a space or an area for leaving vehicles 停車場；停車位parking lot n. (AmE) an area where

14、 people can leave their cars 停車場(lot ltn. c (作某種用途的)一塊地，場地)parking ticket (also ticket) n. 違章停車傳票3) traffic trfik n., v.n. u 1. the vehicles that are on a road at a particular time路上行駛的車輛；交通e.g. 繁忙的/高峰時刻的交通 heavy/rush-hour traffic 交通警察 traffic police 2. the movement of ships, trains, aircraft, etc.

15、along a particular route (沿固定路線的)航行，行駛，飛行 e.g. 空通管制 air traffic control 橫渡大西洋的航行 transatlantic traffic (transatlantic trnstlntk adj. obn 1. 橫渡大西洋的；橫越大西洋的 2. 大西洋兩岸國家的 3.在大西洋彼岸的；來自大西洋彼岸的)3. the movement of people or goods from one place to another運輸；人流；貨流：e.g. 一國與另一國間的貨物運輸 the traffic of goods between

16、 one country and another 4. (in sth.) illegal trade in sth.(非法的)交易，買賣 e.g. 毒品的非法交易 the traffic in drugs verb. (-ck-) phr.v. traffic in sth. to buy and sell sth. illegally(非法)進行交易，做買賣e.g. 從事毒品非法交易 to traffic in drugs traffickertrfik n. 從事勾當者e.g. 毒品販子 a drugs trafficker trafficking n. u 非法交易e.g. 被控販毒

17、to be accused of drug traffickingtraffic jam n. a long line of vehicles on a road that cannot move or that can only move very slowly堵車；交通阻塞(jam dmn.1. u, c 果醬 2. c 擁擠；堵塞)e.g. 我們遇上了交通阻塞。We were stuck in a traffic jam.(stick v. (stuck, stuck) vi.(in sth.) (在某物中)卡住，陷住，動不了)traffic light n. c (also traff

18、ic lights pl.) (AmE also stoplights pl.) 交通信號燈4) policepli:sn. 警察部門，警方(與the連用)：e.g. 警車 a police car 一名男子被警方逮捕。A man was arrested by the police. 警方總是為治安操心。The police always care for public order. 你如果再不放開我，我就要叫警察了。If you dont let me go, Ill call the police.警察們正在盤問一名外國游客。The police are questioning a fo

19、reign tourist.vt. 1. (of the police, army, etc. 警察、軍隊等) to go around a particular area to make sure that nobody is breaking the law there 巡查；維護治安 e.g. 邊境將由聯(lián)合國官員巡查。The border will be policed by UN officials.(official n. (often in compounds)要員；官員；高級職員 adj. ubn 正式的；官方的；官方授權的)2. (of a committeekmiti , e

20、tc. 委員會等) to make sure that a particular set of rules is obeyed監(jiān)督；管制police dog n. 警犬 police force n. (國家、地區(qū)或城鎮(zhèn)的)警力，警察部隊police officer n. (also officer) 警察 police station (AmE also station house) n. 警察局；警察分局；派出所如果要單指一名警察，可以用policeman或policewoman:e.g. 那邊有一位交通警。你可以向他打聽去車站的路怎么走。There is a traffic police

21、man over there. You can ask him the way to the station.湯姆的姐姐是位(女)警察。Toms sister is a policewoman. 3. You will be very lucky if he lets you go without a ticket. 如果他沒給你罰單就放你走了，算你走運。1)let sb. go 1. to allow sb. to be free 放，釋放(某人)e.g. 他們是否會釋放人質？Will they let the hostages go? (hostagehstid n. 人質)2. to m

22、ake sb. have to leave their job解雇；開除：e.g. 由于利潤下降他們將不得不解雇100名員工。Theyre having to let 100 employees go because of falling profits.prftlet sb./sth. go / let go (of sb./sth.)1.to stop holding sb./sth. 放開；松手e.g. 那人抓住我的胳膊不放。The man wont let go (of) my arm.別松開繩子。Dont let go of the rope. / Dont let the rope

23、 go. 放手！你把我弄疼了。Let go! Youre hurting me!2. to give up an idea or an attitude, or control of sth. 放棄，摒棄(想法、態(tài)度或控制)e.g. 該忘掉過去了。Its time to let the past go. / Its time to let go of the past.let yourself go 1. to behave in a relaxed way without worrying about what people think of your behaviour 放松；隨心所欲：e

24、.g. 來吧！盡情地玩，玩?zhèn)€痛快吧！Come on, enjoy yourself, let yourself go!2. to stop being careful about how you look and dress, etc. 不注重儀表；不修邊幅：e.g. 他失業(yè)后就不修邊幅了。He has let himself go since he lost his job. let me see/think used when you are thinking or trying to remember sth.讓我想一想；讓我思考一下 e.g. 現(xiàn)在讓我想想-他說他住在哪里呢？Now l

25、et me see-where did he say he lived?let sb. down to fail to help or support sb. as they had hoped or expected不能幫助，不能支持(某人)；使失望：e.g. 很遺憾，她讓我們大失所望。Im afraid she let us down badly.你盡管放心，這臺機器不會出毛病。This machine wont let you down.let sb. off (with sth.) to not punish sb. for sth. they have down wrong, or

26、to give them only a light punishment不懲罰；放過；寬??；從輕處罰e.g. 她沒被處罰，只是受了個警告。She was let off with a warning.let sb. off sth. to allow sb. not to do sth. or not to go somewhere允許(某人)不做；準許(某人)不去(某處) e.g. 他今天免了我們的家庭作業(yè)。He let us off homework today.let sth. off to fire a gun or make a bomb, etc. explode放(槍等)；使爆炸

27、e.g. 那些男孩在放花炮。The boys were letting off fireworks.2) without a ticket 在這里指without giving you a ticket.3) ticket tikit n., v. n. 1.(for/to sth.) a printed piece of paper that gives you the right to travel on a particular bus, train, etc. or to go into a theatre, etc. 票；券；車票；戲票；入場券e.g. 公共汽車/戲/飛機票 a bu

28、s/theatre/plane ticket 演出的免費入場券 free tickets to the show售票處；自動售票機 a ticket office/machine2. a labelleibl that is attached to sth. in a shop/store giving details of its price, size, etc.(商店中標明貨物價格、尺碼等的)標簽3. an official notice that orders you to pay a fine because you have done sth. illegal while driv

29、ing or parking your car (交通違章)通知單，罰款單e.g. 違章停車/超速駕駛罰款單 a parking/speeding ticket4. usually sing. (esp. AmE) a list of candidates that are supported by a particular political party in an election(政黨在選舉中所支持的)候選人e.g. 他計劃繼續(xù)代表黨參加 11 月份的選舉。He plans to remain on the Republican ticket for the November elect

30、ion.IDM: just the ticket (AmE, BrE)=just the job (BrE) (spoken, approving) exactly what is needed in a particular situation 正需要的東西；求之不得的東西e.g. 那杯茶來得正好。That cup of tea was just the job.Vt.1. (technical術語) to produce and sell tickets for an event, a trip, etc.; to give sb. a ticket售票；給門票；送票e.g. 旅客現(xiàn)在可以

31、電子購票。Passengers can now be ticketed electronically.(electronicilektrnik adj. ubn 1. (of a device裝置)電子的；電子器件的 2. 電子設備的；電子器件的 electronically adv. 用電子方法；用電子裝置 )2. usually passive (esp. AmE) to give sb. an official notice that orders them to pay a fine because they have done sth. illegal while driving o

32、r parking a car發(fā)出交通違章通知單e.g. 違章停車就可能收到罰款單。Park illegally, and youre likely to be ticketed.Phr.v. be ticketed for sth. (esp. AmE) to be intended for a particular purpose被指定為；被委派為ticketing n.u the process of producing and selling tickets售票 e.g. 售票系統(tǒng) ticketing systems4. However, this does not always ha

33、ppen. Traffic police are sometimes very polite. 然而，情況并不都是這樣，交通警有時也很客氣。this 代指上句話所說的情況，即交通警一般都會給你罰款單。5. During a holiday in Sweden, I found this note on my car: Sir, we welcome you to our city. This is a No Parking area. You will enjoy your stay here if you pay attention to our street signs. This not

34、e is only a reminder. 有一次在瑞典度假，我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的車上有這樣一個字條：“先生，歡迎您光臨我們的城市。此處是禁止停車區(qū)。如果您對我們街上的標牌稍加注意，您在此會過得很愉快的。謹此提請注意。”1) note nut n., v.n.1. c a short piece of writing to help you remember sth 筆記，記錄e.g. 請記下日期。 Please make a note of the dates.2. c a short information letter短箋；便條e.g. 她在廚房的餐桌上給杰克留了個便條。She left a no

35、te for Jack on the kitchen table.3. c a piece of paper money紙幣e.g. 一面值為5英鎊的紙幣 a 5 note4. c a short comment (n. kment 評論；注釋；說明)on a word or passage in a book注釋；按語批注 e.g. 參見第223頁的注釋16。See Note 16 on p. 223.IDM: of note (formal) 1. of fame or importance 著名的，重要的 e.g. 有些(很有)知名度的作家 a writer of (some/great

36、) note2. worth noticing or paying attention to 值得注意：e.g. 會上有值得注意的事情發(fā)生嗎？Did anything of note happen at the meeting?take note (of sth.) to pay attention to sth. and be sure to remember it注意到；將銘記在心e.g. 牢記他說的話。Take note of what he says.留心一下天氣狀況。Take note of the weather conditions.v. (rather formal)1. to

37、 notice or pay careful attention to sth.注意；留意e.g. vn 請注意這位作家為達到戲劇效果而使用一般現(xiàn)在式的手法。 Note the way this writer uses the present tense for dramatic effect.ifekt（n. 結果；效果；作用；）v.+that 請注意，票的數(shù)量有限。Please note that there are a limited number of tickets.請注意這賬單必須在10天付清。Please note that this bill must be paid with

38、in ten days. v+wh- 注意看他怎樣操作這臺機器，并想法子照他那樣做。Note how he operates preitthe machine and try to copy him. (copy vt. 模仿；效法；仿效)2. to mention sth because it is important or interesting指出；特別提到e.g. 值得指出的是最成功的公司價格最低。It is worth noting that the most successful companies had the lowest prices.Phr. v. note sth. d

39、own to write down sth. important so that you will not forget it記錄；記下notebooknutbuk n. 1筆記本(簿) 2.(also notebook computer)筆記本(電腦)；筆記本計算機laptoplptp n. 膝上型計算機；便攜式電腦 noted adj. (for/as sth) well known because of a special skill or feature(以)見稱，聞名，著名synonym: famous e.g. 著名的舞蹈演員 a noted dancer他沒什么幽默感。He is

40、 not noted for his sense of humour.這個湖作為許多鳥類的棲息地遐邇聞名。The lake is noted as a home to many birds.notepaper (also writing paper) n. u 信紙；便箋notable nutbladj. (for sth) 值得注意的；顯著的；重要的e.g. 他的早期作品和后期作品之間有明顯的差異。There is a notable difference between his earlier and later writings. n. usually pl. 名人；重要人物e.g. 許

41、多著名人士參加了招待會。Many notables attended the receptionrisepn.(n. 1. 接待,接見;歡迎 2. 接待會;歡迎會;宴會C)notably adv. 1. 尤其；特別 synonym: especiallye.g. 這房子有很多缺陷，尤其是它的地點和價格。The house had many drawbacks, most notably its location (lukein n. 位置；場所) and price.(drawback dr:bkn. 缺點；缺陷；不利條件)2.極大程度上；非常 synonym: remarkablye.g.

42、這個項目沒有取得很大的成功。This has not been a notably successful project.2) No Parking原來是交通標牌上的一句話，在句中作area的定語。類似的由若干個詞合成的詞組型定語還有：a never-to-be-forgotten day (一個永遠也不能忘掉的日子)，a well-to-do family(一個富裕的家庭)等。well-to-do adj. having a lot of money; rich 有錢的；富有的；富裕的e.g. 他們很闊綽。They are very well-to-do.3) areari n. 1. c

43、part of a place, town, etc., or a region of a country or the world(地方、城市、國家、世界的)地區(qū)，地域 e.g. 荒漠地區(qū) desert dezt areas 農村/城市地區(qū) rural/urban areas 城區(qū) inner-city areas(rural rurl adj. 鄉(xiāng)下的;鄉(xiāng)村的;農村的 urban :bn adj.城市的；城鎮(zhèn)的；都市的)60年前有一半法國人仍然生活在鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)。Sixty years ago half the French population still lived in rural ar

44、eas.2. c a part of a room, building or particular space that is used for a special purpose(房間、建筑物、處所劃為某用途的)地方，場地，區(qū)e.g. 旅館接待處 the hotel reception area游戲場地；停車場 a play/parking area 3. c a particular place on an object (物體上的)區(qū)，部位：e.g. 你會注意到你的寶寶頭頂上有兩處柔軟的地方。You will notice that your baby has two soft area

45、s on the top of his head.4. c (of sth.) a particular subject or activity, or an aspect of it 領域；方面：e.g. 健身俱樂部是近年來發(fā)展迅速的領域。The big growth area of recent years has been in health clubs.語言教學領域的發(fā)展 developments in the area of language teaching5. c, u the amount of space covered by a flat surface or piece

46、of land, described as a measurement 面積e.g. 三角形的面積the area of a triangle (trail n. 三角形)這個房間面積是12平方米。The room is 12 square metres in area.(square adj. 1. 正方形的；四方形的2. (用于數(shù)字后表示面積)平方)前花園的面積是多少？Whats the area of the front garden?4) sign n., v1. c, u (of sth) / (that) an event, an action, a fact, etc. that

47、 shows that sth. exists, is happening or may happen in the future跡象；征兆；預兆synonym: indication ,ndikeinn. c, u (of sth/of doing sth / ( that) 表明；標示；顯示；象征)e.g. 頭疼可能是緊的跡象。Headaches may be a sign of stress.(n. 1. u, c 精神壓力；心理負擔；緊 2. u, c (on sth.) 壓力)哪兒都沒有約翰的影子。There is no sign of John anywhere.她的工作出現(xiàn)了一些

48、改進的跡象。Her work is showing some signs of improvement.2. c a piece of paper, wood or metal that has writing or a picture on it that gives you information, instructions, a warning, etc. 招牌;標牌;指示牌;告示牌;標志(writing n. 1. u 寫；書寫；寫作 2. u著作；文字作品；文章 3.(writings)pl. (某作家或專題的)著作，作品 4. u (書寫或印刷的)文字 5. u筆跡；字跡；書法)e

49、.g. 道路/交通標志 a road/traffic sign 商店/酒吧招牌 a shop/pub sign 墻上的牌子上寫著“請洗手”。The sign on the wall said Now wash your hands.3. c a movement or sound that you make to tell sb. sth.示意的動作(或聲音)；手勢e.g. 她點頭示意我們坐下。She nodded nd as a sign for us to sit down.4. c a mark used to represent ,reprizentsth. esp. in mathe

50、matics 符號；記號e.g. 加/減號 a pluspls /minus mainssign 表示英鎊/美元的符號 a pound/dollar sign IDM: a sign of the times something that you feel shows what things are like now, esp. how bad they are時代特征(含貶義)v.1. to write your name on a document, letter, etc. to show that you have written it, that you agree with wha

51、t it says, or that it is genuine (denjuinadj. 1. 真的；名副其實的 2.真誠的；誠實的；可信賴的) 簽(名)，署(名)；簽字，簽署 e.g. v 請在這里簽名。Sign your name here, please. vn 這封信您還沒有署名。You havent signed the letter. 在協(xié)議/合同/支票上簽字 to sign a deal/contract/cheque (AmE check)2. to arrange for sb., for example a sports player or musician, to si

52、gn a contract agreeing to work for your company; to sign a contract agreeing to work for a company和簽約(或應聘)：e.g. v 樂隊同維京唱片公司簽了約。The band signed with Virgin Records.(virgin adj. 1.ubn 未開發(fā)的；原始狀態(tài)的；天然的；未改變的；未觸動的2. obn 處女的；貞潔的；童貞的) vn這個公司最近和一名新演員簽約。The company has just signed a new actor.3. (to sb.) (to d

53、o sth.) to make a request or tell sb. to do sth. by using a sign, esp. a hand movement 示意；打手勢：e.g. 旅館經理示意行工替我拿箱子。The hotel manager signed to the porter to pick up my case.(porter p:t n. 1. 行員；搬運工 2.(醫(yī)院里護送病人的)護工 3. 門衛(wèi))(pick sth. up 拿起；舉起；提起 )4. to use sign language to communicate with sb.打手勢語：e.g. vn

54、 現(xiàn)在越來越多的戲劇配上了手勢語。An increasing number of plays are now being signed. v 為幫助她耳聾的孩子，她學會了手勢語。She learnt to sign to help her deaf child.Phr.v. 1. sign for sth. to sign a document to show that you have received sth. 簽收e.g. 有人已經簽收了這個包裹。Someone has signed for the package.2. sign sth. away to give something

55、up formally by signing a paper簽字放棄(某物)e.g. 他簽字放棄他在那筆財產中應得的一份。He signed away his share in the property.3. sign in/out / sign sb. in/out to write your/sb.s name when you arrive at or leave an office, a club, etc. 簽到/退；替簽到/簽退e.g. 來客均需簽到。All visitors must sign in on arrival.客人離開俱樂部時，你必須為他們簽退。You must si

56、gn guests out when they leave the club.4. sign sth. over (to sb.) to give your rights or property to sb. else by signing a document簽字轉讓(權利或財產)e.g. 她簽署了轉讓手續(xù)，把房子過到女兒名下。She has signed the house over to her daughter.5. sign up (for sth.) to arrange to do a course of study by adding your name to the list of people doing it 報名(參加課程)signaturesinit n. 1.c 簽名；署名 2. u (formal) 簽名；署名；簽字；簽署signboard n. (商店、旅館等的)招牌，告示牌，廣告牌5) reminderrmand n. 1. (of sb./sth.) / (t