短文改錯(cuò)題檢測考生發(fā)現(xiàn)

1、短文改錯(cuò)題檢測考生發(fā)現(xiàn)、判斷、糾正文章錯(cuò)誤的能力.進(jìn)而考察學(xué)生的詞法、句法及行文邏輯等方面的水平，考察學(xué)生在語篇中綜合運(yùn)用英語的能力 考生英語水平的高低完全可以從這一題型體現(xiàn)出來 然而很多考生對該題感到束手無策.關(guān)鍵在于找不到錯(cuò)誤、不會(huì)找錯(cuò)誤。那么怎樣找錯(cuò)誤、發(fā)現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤就成了解題的關(guān)鍵。短文改錯(cuò)解題思路和檢查原則：1.句中各部分的結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整，特別是每個(gè)句子要有動(dòng)詞;2. 謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài);3.非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法;4.名詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)，格的使用是否正確;5.定冠詞和不定冠詞是否正確;6.代詞的格和性的使用是否有誤;7.定語從句中關(guān)系代詞、副詞是否準(zhǔn)確無誤;8.并列句中的并列連詞、主從復(fù)合句中的從

2、屬連詞用的是否得當(dāng)。短文改錯(cuò)解題四原則：改動(dòng)以最少為原則;虛詞以添加或刪除為原則;實(shí)詞以改變詞形為原則以保持句子原意為原則。短文改錯(cuò)解題步驟：通讀全文，掌握大意;整句分析，逐行推敲;反復(fù)通讀，復(fù)查驗(yàn)證。解題注意要點(diǎn)和能力培養(yǎng)：1.核對錯(cuò)項(xiàng)時(shí)，若的確有一時(shí)難以改出的地方，可以參考所改動(dòng)項(xiàng)是否基本符合“1：1：8”的比例。即多一詞1個(gè)，缺詞1個(gè)，錯(cuò)詞8個(gè)。2.核對改正的語法項(xiàng)目是否有重復(fù)。因?yàn)槎涛母腻e(cuò)往往覆蓋面廣，一般不會(huì)出現(xiàn)重復(fù)考查某個(gè)語法點(diǎn)的現(xiàn)象。3.核對答題符號(hào)是否規(guī)范，位置是否準(zhǔn)確，看看有無遺漏符號(hào)，忽略字母大小寫和拼寫等問題。短文改錯(cuò)常見錯(cuò)誤類型：1. 謂語動(dòng)詞的錯(cuò)誤是歷年考試的重點(diǎn)和熱

3、點(diǎn)，常見動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤類型有 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)錯(cuò)用; and前后動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不一致;主謂不一致; 缺少動(dòng)詞,特別是be動(dòng)詞; 第三人稱單數(shù)形式錯(cuò)用;主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)錯(cuò)用。 Theydid not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote allmy time to my studies.(did改為do， 錯(cuò)誤類型屬于)As weclimbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and toldstories. (visiting 改為 visited, 錯(cuò)誤類型屬于)

4、Therewill an important game next month. (will后加be,錯(cuò)誤類型屬于)Oneevening she told me that something happened when her parents wasout. ( was 改為were，錯(cuò)誤類型屬于)2. 名詞的常見錯(cuò)誤：單復(fù)數(shù)名詞錯(cuò)用，可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞錯(cuò)用。Ill get good marks in all mysubject.(subject改為subjects)Theirword were a great encouragement to me.(word改為words)Withoute

5、nough knowledges, you can never teach well.(knowledges改為knowledge)3. 連詞錯(cuò)誤連詞包括關(guān)系代詞、副詞，并列連詞and/ or/but等。關(guān)于連詞，一般考查從句關(guān)系who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。I havea good friend whos name is Liu Mei. (錯(cuò)用了who的所有格形式，改為whose)I teachthem, play with them, but watch them growing up.(此處應(yīng)該是并列的

6、關(guān)系而非轉(zhuǎn)折，but改為 and) Cleveras she is, but she works very hard.(as意為“盡管”，不能再跟but連用，所以去掉but)4. 冠詞錯(cuò)誤：誤用a和an(根據(jù)單詞的第一個(gè)音素來判定);誤用a/an和the(固定搭配，或泛指、特指;多冠詞或少冠詞)We maybe one family and live under a same roof. (a 改為the，thesame 是固定搭配)Aseveryone knows, its famous mountain with all kinds ofpants. (mountain是可數(shù)名詞需用冠詞，

7、所以其前加 a)I hopeyou have pleasant journey.(journey是可數(shù)名詞，故have后加a)5. 形容詞和副詞錯(cuò)誤：系動(dòng)詞后用形容詞(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性動(dòng)詞 smell/feel);詞性的誤用(形容詞修飾名詞;副詞修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞)。 Im sure well have a wonderfully timetogether. (time是名詞所以要用形容詞wonderful修飾)Mypronunciation was terribly.(was后用形容詞，terribly改為terrible.)6. 代詞錯(cuò)誤

8、：代詞的主格和賓格(I / me;he/him; she/ her; we/ us they/ them )錯(cuò)誤;反身代詞(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用錯(cuò)誤;代詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)使用錯(cuò)誤;代詞指代錯(cuò)誤;多代詞或少代詞。Soon Ibegan to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning toexpress me in simple English. (me 改為 myself)One dayI wrote a little story and showed

9、 to my teacher.(to前加it)If anyone of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other wouldhelp him out. (other后加s) Whatsmore, you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care ofhim. (him改為them)7. 非謂語動(dòng)詞的常見錯(cuò)誤：不定式、動(dòng)名詞作主語、賓語時(shí);and連接的不定式或動(dòng)名詞前后不一致(尤其距離較遠(yuǎn)時(shí));介詞后用動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語;某些動(dòng)詞后要求接動(dòng)名詞或不定式。Soon

10、Ibegan to enjoy talk to myself on paper. (enjoy 后需接動(dòng)名詞，talk改為talking)But hisparents think go to college is more important than playing sports.(go作主語,應(yīng)改為 going) Children may not develop the habit of read and the abilityto enjoy themselves. (介詞后用動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語，read改為reading)Iparticularly enjoyed driving thr

11、ough the countryside with you andsaw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees. (and連接的不定式或動(dòng)名詞前后不一致，故saw改為seeing)8. 介詞錯(cuò)誤：詞組中的介詞誤用;介詞意思理解偏差;介詞的多用或少用Thereare too many people among my family. (among改為in，in myfamily 為固定搭配)I wasso tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched thepillow. (去掉

12、 at, themoment 引導(dǎo)從句)改錯(cuò)一此題要求改正所給短文中的錯(cuò)誤。對標(biāo)有題號(hào)的每一行作出判斷:如無錯(cuò)誤.在該行右邊橫線上畫一個(gè)勾():如有錯(cuò)誤(每行只有一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤)，則按下列情況改正:此行多一個(gè)詞:把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。此行缺一個(gè)詞:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(/)，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。此行錯(cuò)一個(gè)詞:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。注意:原行沒有錯(cuò)的不要改。All of us need friendship. The understanding 76._between two friends mean both o

13、f them have similar 77._ideas and trusting each other. Otherwise, it is 78._impossible for him to help each other and to make 79._their friendship to last long. As an old saying goes, 80._“A friend in need is a friend indeed.” So really friendship 81._should able to stand all sorts of tests. And it

14、is 82._wise to have as many good friends that we can. 83._The more friends we have, the more we can learn for 84._one another, but the more pleasure we can share together. 85._改錯(cuò)二（2014遼寧卷）Dear Jeremy and Alice,Although weve been delighted to have you as neighbors, were hoping to settle something tha

15、t bothers to us. In a word, your dogCleo.Weve called several time about Cleos early morning barking. It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute shes outside. The early morning barking have been disturbing us as wc arc often up all night with the baby. Beside, Cleo tends to bark a av

16、erage of six hours a day. This morning she starts barking even before 5 oclock. That is too much for us. considering how closely the houses are.We appreciate our apologies and goodwill, but we hope that you can figure a good way of settling the matter.改錯(cuò)三（2014陜西卷）文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或

17、修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏詞符號(hào)（），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線（ ），并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven. He wanted teach me about animals, insects and trees. My uncles all come along with bows and arrows for hunting.One e

18、vening at sunset, we sat by the fire, have our barbecue. Just then a bird was flying over us. My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows on the bird. Neither of the arrows hit the target. Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky they were looked like rain! We ran to escape but

19、 fortunately no one was injured.That day I didnt learn much about animals, insects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!四（2014四川卷）Hello, boys and girls! Today, I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off. If you hear the alarm, stand in line at the door an

20、d wait your teacher to lead you outside. Stay close to your teacher and classmate. Don't panic or get out of line, and trying to remain quiet and calmly. Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire. If it's a false alarm and there is no fire, your teacher will lead us back to the clas

21、sroom. If you notice that when someone is missing and hurt, tell your teacher immediately.五（2014新課標(biāo)I）Nearly five years before ,and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes（圣女果）in our backgarden, since then-for all these year-we had been allowing tomatoes to self seed

22、 where they please . As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors .Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problem