slas第16個(gè)年度開發(fā)者報(bào)告英文

1、DEVELOPER ECONOMICSSTATE OF THE DEVELOPER NATION16THEDITIONThe latest trends from our Q4 2018 Survey of 19,000+ developers獲取報(bào)告1、2、3、每周群內(nèi)7+報(bào)告；當(dāng)日華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)、學(xué)人4、行研報(bào)告均為公開利歸原作者所有，起點(diǎn)財(cái)經(jīng)僅分發(fā)做內(nèi)部學(xué)習(xí)。掃一掃關(guān)注 回復(fù)：加入“起點(diǎn)財(cái)經(jīng)”群ABOUT SLASHDATATMSlashDataTM is the leading analyst company in the developer economy, tracking globa

2、l software developer trends based on more than 40,000 software developers annually in over 160 countries. Our surveys track the changing landscape of mobile, IoT, desktop, cloud, web, AR, VR, games, machine learning developers and data scientists.Our mantra: We help the world understand developers -

3、 and developers understand the world.SlashData.19-21 Hatton GardensLondon, London EC1N 8BAFollow us on: DevEconomicsTERMS OF RE-USE1. License GrantSubject to the terms and conditions of this License, SlashData hereby grants you a worldwide, royalty-free, non- exclusive license to reproduce the Repor

4、t or to incorporate parts of the Report (so long as this is no more than ve pages) into one or more documents or publications.2. RestrictionsThe license granted above is subject to and limited by the following restrictions. You must not distribute the Report on any website or publicly accessible Int

5、ernet website (such as Dropbox or Slideshare) and you may distribute the Report only under the terms of this License. You may not sublicense the Report. You must keep intact all notices that refer to this License and to the disclaimer of warranties with every copy of the Report you distribute. If yo

6、u incorporate parts of the Report (so long as this is no more than ve pages) into an adaptation or collection, you must keep intact all copyright, trademark and condentiality notices for the Report and provide attribution to SlashData in all distributions, reproductions, adaptations or incorporation

7、s which the Report is used (attribution requirement). You must not modify or alter the Report in any way, including providing translations of the Report.3. Representations, Warranties and DisclaimerSlashData believes the statements contained in this publication to be based upon information that we c

8、onsider reliable, but we do not represent that it is accurate or complete and it should not be relied upon as such. Opinions expressed are current opinions as of the date appearing on this publication only and the information, including the opinions contained herein, are subject to change without no

9、tice. Use of this publication by any third party for whatever purpose should not and does not absolve such third party from using due diligence in verifying the publications contents. SlashData disclaims all implied warranties, including, without limitation, warranties of merchantability or tness fo

10、r a particular purpose.4. Limitation on LiabilitySlashData, its aliates and representatives shall have no liability for any direct, incidental, special, or consequential damages or lost prots, if any, suered by any third party as a result of decisions made, or not made, or actions taken, or not take

11、n, based on this publication.5. TerminationThis License and the rights granted hereunder will terminate automatically upon any breach by you of the terms of this License.The analyst in the developer economy | Formerly known as Vision MobileSlashData Copyright 2019 |sABOUTAUTHORSMichael CarrazData Sc

12、ientist & AuthorMichael is a Data Scientist & Author with over 14 years experience across multiple industries from telco to n-tech. He spent his career developing and polishing his analytical skills with the sole purpose of helping businesses make informed data driven decisions.Jo StichburySenior An

13、alyst & Freelance Technical WriterJo is a freelance technical writer with over 20 years experience in the software industry, including 8 years of low-level mobile development. She is specialised in setting up new developer communities and populating them with useful content, having worked in this ca

14、pacity at Nokia, Sony Ericsson, Symbian and Nature Publishing Group. She holds an MA and a PhD in Natural Sciences from the University of Cambridge.joslashdata.co | uymaccoymichaelslashdata.co | C144Developer Economics | State of the Developer Nation Q4 2018 | SlashData |sTHEStijn SchuermansPeter Cr

15、ockerSenior Business AnalystTechnologyAnalyst&AuthorSt jn is leading the SlashData research on developerPrior to joining the rm Peter was the Founder and program benchmarking, developer populationPrincipal Analyst at Smiths Point Analytics a sizing, and the Internet of Things. He has authoredresearc

16、h rm focused on mobile technology andover 35 reports and research notes. His approachdevelopers. Peter started his analyst career with VDC combines data from large-scale developer surveysResearch covering the enterprise mobility andwith strategic insights on business ms andmobile software markets. B

17、efore becoming an industries, including platform economics. Stijn has aanalyst he was instrumental in building businesses Masters degree in engineering and an MBA. He hasand guiding strategy at mobile software start-ups. over 10 years experience as an engineer, productPeter holds a BA from Rollins C

18、ollege and an MBA manager, strategist and business analyst.from The College of William and Mary.st jnslashdata.co | st jnschuermanspeterslashdata.co | pbcrockerKonstantinos KorakitisData Scientist&AuthorKonstantinos is part of the analyst team and is responsible for uncovering hidden patterns and me

19、aningful insights in a sea of data points from the Developer Economics surveys. He authors SlashDatas research reports, follows the latest trends on software developers and researches new tech markets. Prior to joining SlashData, Konstantinos spent 5 years in the energy sector as technical project m

20、anager and tender manager. He holds MSc degrees in Electrical Engineering from the National Technical University of Athens and The University of Manchester and he is currently on track to complete a Masters in Data Science with UC San Diego.konstantinosslashdata.coChristina VoskoglouDirectorof Resea

21、rch& OperationsChristina is responsible for all SlashDatas research products and heads the analyst and operations teams. With more than 18 years of experience in data mining, BI and CRM design, she leads research planning and methodology, survey design, data analysis, insights generation and researc

22、h commercialisation. Christina is also behind SlashDatas outcome-based developersegmentation mand is the leading SlashDataresearcher in machine learning and data science.christinaslashdata.co | ChristinaVoskogAbout this report6OFKey insights82. Tder wars144. Cloud native - mainstream23306. An agile

23、software worldTABLECONTENTSMethodology345. Programming language communities - an update273. Why is mainstream adoption hard to achieve?191. Ethics in AI9Partners7ABOUT THISREPORT/Data Developer Economics is the leading research programme on mobile, desktop, IoT, cloud, web, game, augmented and virtu

24、al reality, and machine learning developers as well as data scientists, tracking the developer experience across platforms, revenues, apps, languages, tools, APIs, segments and regions.The 16th Developer Economics global survey wave ran from November 2018 to February 2019 and reached more than 19,00

25、0 developers in 165 countries. This research report delves into key developer trends for 2019 and beyond.The report focuses on six major themes - each with its own visualisations, showing how the data lends insight into the developercommu1. Ethics in AI: With the advancement of AI, many people are n

26、ow concerned about the ethical questions that AI raises. In this chapter we explore to what degree developers agree or disagree with issues such as AIs unintended consequences, algorithm bias, and jobs replacement, as well as their views about data collection and protection.at what true cloud native

27、 development means, the technologies around it and how emerging technologies and changing mindsets are redening modern software development and architecture.5. Programming language communities - an update. Programming languages are often the kernels of strong communities and the subject of opinionat

28、ed debate. In this chapter we provide updated estimates of the number of active software developers using each of the major programming languages, across the globe and across all kinds of programmers.6. An agile software world: Agile methodologies are transforming companies across sectors, but are t

29、hey really the dominant trend in the software industry nowadays? To gain a better understanding, we asked 11,700+ developers about the project management methodologies they follow in software development.We hope youll enjoy this report and nd the insights useful! If you have any questions or comment

30、s, or are looking for additional data, you can get in touch with Stathis and Soa from our Marketing Team at marketingslashdata.coYou can download this free report at2. Tder Wars: While the technologyindustry often takes credit for the changingworld of work, in this chapter we look at theworkplace fo

31、r those working within technology.We consider the typical prole of women in development and compare it against that ofJo, Konstantinos, Michael, Peter, Stijn, Christina, Steve, Alex, Aris, Eitan, Sam, Claire, Anastasia,their male counterparts.Andreas, David, Miljana, Vanessa, Sarah, Soa, Stathis, Mo

32、schoula, Chris and Sartios at SlashData.3. Emerging Technology: To gauge interest incertain technologies, we asked developerswhich, of some emerging areas, they areactively working on, learning about or simplyinterested in. Based on their answers we cangain insight on the technologies that are inTHA

33、NK YOUWed like to thank everyone who helped us reach 19,000+ respondents to our survey, and create this report. Also, our Partners, who are too many more to name here. A special thanks to the Meetups which participated in our survey including: Latvian DevN, JS Lovers, Bucharest JS, China Admissions,

34、 Dev Japan,Python, Women Who Code SF & Istanbul Coders.popular use today, and the skills and knowledge growing for tomorrow.4. Cloud Native: Many developers are adoptingcontainers but not all are developing truecloud-native software. In this chapter we look6Developer Economics | State of the Develop

35、er Nation Q4 2018 | SlashData |sMEDIA PARTNERSPARTNERS/Data is proud to be supported by a global network of partners, from global tech companies to local meetups and specialised developer communities. Our partners help us ensure that alldeveloper segments are adequately represented in our sample, so

36、 that true value is delivered to the global commu7Developer Economics | State of the Developer Nation Q2 2018 | SlashData |sDEVELOPER ECONOMICSSTATE OF THEDEVELOPERNATIONQ4 2018KEY INSIGHTSHalf of developers who teach AI, ML or data science have favourable views towards the ability of AI to behave i

37、n a moral and human-friendly way.Only around 30% of ML developers who develop algorithms for search engines or customer support management believe AI should not be used to replace human jobs as opposed to around 50% of those who develop stock market predictions or image classication/object recogniti

38、on algorithms.Developers agree that they should not only ask for user consent to collect data and follow security and data protection laws but that they should also go above and beyond legal requirements - 72% of developers told us so.The technology industry is still dominated by men. Women develope

39、rs responding to our survey were outnumbered by men by a ratio of 1 to 10 (9% women and 91% men).This suggests a global population of 1.7 million women developers and 17 million men.Within the group of Millennials (developers aged 25-34 years) in more senior roles, there are signicant dierences betw

40、een men and women, which is likely to translate, ultimately, into a signicant gender pay gap. Men are more than twice as likely to be Architects (27% of men compared to 11% of women) or Technical/engineering team leads (20% of men compared to 9% of women) and men are three times more likely to be in

41、 a C-suite position at this age.DevOps ranks highly in terms of interest, learning, and adoption. It is the most popular for developer adoption and learning (both 17%), and over half of the developersthat expressed interest are working on DevOps projects. The only technology that attracted marginall

42、y more developers was robotics, which attracts high levels of theoretical interest but low uptake in active projects (6%) or learning (12%), as developers are hampered by fragmentation.Blockchain and cryptocurrencies have been hyped as having great potential to be disruptive but for developers, they

43、 appear to have reached a plateau. We found that just 3% have adopted projects in either of these elds.JavaScript is and remains the queen of programming languages with a commu of 11.7M active developers. Python has reached 8 2M active developers and hastaken the number two spot, surpassing Java in

44、terms of popularity.Java (7.6M active developers), C# (6.7M), and C/C+ (6.3M) are now growing at aslower rate than t population.eral developerOnly 43% of developers using containers are using orchestration tools or management platforms.Of the developers using orchestration tools or management platfo

45、rms, 57% are working on DevOps. This compares to just 17% of the general developer populationMore than half (58%) of developers say they follow a project management methodology that can be classied as agile. Scrum is the leading agile framework, used by 37% of developers.The once ruling waterfall me

46、thodology is currently used by only 15% of developers.8Developer Economics | State of the Developer Nation Q4 2018 | SlashData |s01ETHICS IN AIAI is a powerful and disruptive technology altering the landscape of application development and the wider world as we know it. The adoption of AI is increas

47、ing at a fast pace. While AI helps developers in every area of society to create solutions, implement change, and drive progress, it also forces us to think more deeply about our relationship with technology and the ethics of AI., adoption and availability of tools to build AI have caught up with th

48、e promises of the eld and what once seemed unachievable is now within reach. As a result, many people are concerned and are actively discussing the implications of AI and to what standard we must hold ourselves in order to ensure that AI is aligned with our widely shared human values.Where do develo

49、pers stand on ethics in AI?Their views are surely of the utmost importance because they are, after all, on the front line of building and implementing the algorithms that underlie AI products. In the 16th edition of our Developer Economics survey, we asked developers to what degree they agree or dis

50、agree with issues such as AIs unintended consequences, algorithm bias, and jobs replacement, as well as their views about data collection and protection.9Developer Economics | State of the Developer Nation Q2 2018 | SlashData |sWE GOT THE BASICS RIGHTIt should give us peace of mind to know that the

51、vast majority of developers take user rights very seriously. Developers agree that they should not only ask for user consent to collect data and follow security and data protection laws but that they should also go above and beyond legal requirements- 72% of developers told us so. Scandals such as t

52、he/Cambridge Analytica one have indicated that regulations are lagging behind and it is very encouraging that developers are aware of their ethical responsibility while regulators are still trying to catch up.When it comes to AI specically, however, developers have diverging opinions on a range of t

53、opics.DEVELOPER ECONOMICSSTATE OF THEDEVELOPERNATIONQ4 2018Developers have diverging opinions on a range of topics% of developers who agree vs disagree on ethical topics (n=11,853)14%33%32%15% 5%AI will never reach its full potential because the fear of AI will stall its evolution14%25%31%18%12%AI t

54、echnology should not be used to replace human jobs in large numbers3%5% 20%43%29%New legal and technical measures are needed to ght the threatof insecure Internet of Things devices3% 6% 18%40%32%Developers should go above and beyond legal requirements inproviding security, data protection, and priva

55、cy3%4% 19%38%37%It is vital that developers follow data protection laws and regulations such as GDPR5%27%39%25%4%Developers have the ethical obligation to ght algorithm and training set bias toprevent unfair discrimination21%46%28%2%3%Developers should invest more e ort in securing their solutions t

56、han they are doing now4% 21%40%32%3%White hat, ethical hacking is a necessary force for good and should be encouraged4%11%32%49%3%Developers must always ask for user consent in order for their datato be collected, stored and manipulated19%40%25%8%8%AI can be taught to behave as though moral and human-friendly - concerns forunintended consequences are exaggerated7% 12%24%28%29%AI should not replace humans in positions that require respect, empathy and careo cers)(e.g. health practitioners, judge