高考英語完形填空附答案

1、.完形填空專項一、 復習思路1. 梳理完形填空的技巧方法2. 擴充詞匯運用二、復習要點完型填空題的特點完形填空設空以實詞為主、虛詞為輔，單詞為主、短語為輔。上海高考完型主要考察動詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞。其他偶爾有過渡詞、介詞短語、連詞。體裁上以議論文為主，說明文為輔。題材上以思想、文化、商業(yè)、生活為主，同時涉及其他話題。完型填空解題步驟1 -通覽-速度全文，把握大意 快速閱讀一下全文，通過通覽全文、領會大意，概略地了解文章的體裁、背景、內容、結構層次、情節(jié)、寫作風格等等。 2 -試填-緊扣文意，瞻前顧后 先易后難，逐層深入。緊扣全文內容，聯(lián)系上下文和語境，展開邏輯推理，注意從上下文中尋找線索，

2、注意詞匯的意義、搭配，慣用法，語法，常識等多個角度進行綜合考慮。3 -復核-全面檢查，確保語意連貫，用詞準確試填后，要把全文再通讀一遍 ，注意看所選答案填入空白處后能否做到文章意思通順、前后連貫、邏輯嚴謹、結構完整、首尾呼應完型填空高頻詞匯動詞convince; guarantee; ensure; transfer; exist; strike; claim; demonstrate; charge; assemble; reveal; skip; vary; monitor; assess; isolate; classify; distract; embarrass; stretch;

3、believe; make; consume; dip; shut; replace, reduce, increase, destroy; expand; narrow; strengthen; weaken; protect; punish; warn; contribute; devote; decorate; drain; maintain; preserve; exhaust; exploit; impose; inspire; pioneer; overcome; resist; shift; switch; plunge; account for; postpone; acces

4、s; remind; inform; amuse; assume; obtain; distribute; anticipate(預期); cultivate; recognize; discomfort; threaten; demand; indicate.名詞instinct; ingredient; evidence; miracle; tendency; exposure; principle; efficiency; contribution; contact; infection; opposition; pronunciation; transformation; princi

5、ple; standards; measure; solution; crisis; innovation; material; resource; improvement; appearance; stability; smoke; cost; bargain; miracle; existence; trend; delivery; mood; spirit; appetite; stomach; strength; muscle; purpose; concept; means; access; variety; alternative; combination; achievement

6、; option; interaction; affirmation; expectation; communication; ecotourism, background, prevention形容詞considerate; aggressive; qualified; reluctant; delicate; positive; negative; ignorant; informative; casual; curious; incurable; demanding; reasonable; social; psychological; evident; vital; constant;

7、 terrible; wasteful; wonderful; useful; fashionable; beautiful; historic; worthless; ordinary; meaningless; sensitive; agreeable; graceful; financial; appropriate; defensive; fateful（重大的，決定性的）; fruitful（富有成效的，多產的）; sensitive; multiple; resistant; accessible; critical; reasonable; inevitable; essenti

8、al; dramatic; fulfilling（令人滿意的，能實現(xiàn)個人抱負的）; efficient; ideal; employable; available; respectful（恭敬的，有禮貌的）; negative; frequent; unskilled; compulsory副詞agreeably; slightly; accidentally; occasionally; physically; psychologically; thoroughly; vaguely; orally; repeatedly; dramatically; subconsciously; car

9、elessly, regularly; while; recently ;nearly; rarely; mostly; least; oppositely; unfortunately; frankly; In addition,In short; otherwise; eventually necessarily flexibly; naturally; actually, nevertheless, fortunately, definitely, narrowly, widely, practically完型填空解題技巧解題思路一：依據首句線索，緊扣主題選擇。 首句通常是文章

10、的主題句，通常不設空，便于考生對短文主題、內容或背景有個大概了解。它的目的是向考生提供時間、地點、人物、事件、論點等有用的信息。把握了主題句, 對于理解全文和解題很有幫助。If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with pe

11、ople running after them. Life for ancient peoples earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.51. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. OtherwiseResearch has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the d

12、ay, not heated debates about films we've just watched or books we've just finished reading, but plain and simple _51_.51. A. claim B. description C. gossip D. language解題思路二：順應文意, 定位選詞。 做題時, 要充分利用上下文, 找到有提示作用的詞。這些詞可以是同義詞、近義詞或反義詞, 也可以是并列連詞或轉折連詞等等。Many people think that

13、 listening is a passive business. It is just the 51 one. Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and hard work.51.A. positiveB. oppositeC. sameD. wrongMore than 2,400 years ago, the Greek historian Herodotus described the Egyptian pyramids and other monuments. He may have been the firs

14、t writer to consider that remains and _52_ could provide information for later generations. 52. A. booksB. historyC. ruinsD. scienceThe continuous presentation of frightening stories about global warming in the popular media makes us unnecessarily frightened. Even worse, it _51_ our kids.51. A. exha

15、usts B. depresses C. terrifies D. exploits解題思路三：注意固定搭配，常用句型。包括動詞與介詞的搭配、動詞與名詞的搭配以及形容詞與名詞的搭配等，同時要根據內容選擇正確的短語。The department for Education and Skills wants to 60 teaching of modem foreign languages (MFT) at an earlier stage in the future. Primary school children will get greater 61 to foreign language

16、learning. 60. A. permit B. encourage C. demand D. offer61. A. admission B. access C. chance D. approach 解析：教育與技術部門將來打算在教育更早階段提供外語教學，所以60選D。61題考查固定搭配access to的用法，學生需要總結相關access的搭配，have access to 或者offer access to，to是介詞。That also explains why schools and companies organize challenging trips and physic

17、al activities to _62_ team spirit.62.A. build upB. put down C. take overD. make outA _60_ of people now believe incorrectly that global warming is not even caused by humans.60. A. mixture B. majority C. quantity D. crowd解題思路四：注意同形詞的辨析。Digital fingerprinting, fluctuations（波動）in the dollar exchange ra

18、te, and a mass of online information are some of the ways making travel to the United Nations in 2010 a different_51_ for international visitors than it was earlier in the 21st century. 51. A.experiment B. examination C. experience D. excursion A traveler from a country_60_ in the VWP must obtain an

19、 Electronic System for Travel Authorization(ESTA), an online travel authorization, established by DHS. ESTA determines, before the traveler boards a flight, whether the traveler is_61_to travel to the United States under the VWP and whether such travel poses any law implementation or security risks.

20、60.A.persevering B. previewing C. participating D. promoting 61.A.accessible B. acceptable C. available D. adaptable解題思路五：根據生活常識以及文化背景確定選項。EFL teachers often complain that students, despite years of studying English, simply will not speak it. Theyre too _63_ making mistakes of the grammar or mispron

21、ouncing words in a way that would _64_ them. 63. A. confident inB. comfortable withC. keen onD. afraid of64. A. amuseB. informC. remindD. embarrass解題思路六: 利用原詞復現(xiàn)或同現(xiàn), 選擇最佳選項。 1. 在完形填空中, 某一詞語通常重復出現(xiàn), 使得語篇中的句子相互銜接和連貫, 從而構成一個完整的意義整體。First of all he was a window-cleaner and in

22、 his first week he managed to _ six windows.A. rub    B. drop    C. break    D. clean  2. 同現(xiàn)指意義上相互聯(lián)系的單詞同時出現(xiàn)在同一語篇中。一個語篇，一個話題，要求有與之相連的詞匯。 1）名詞同現(xiàn)：與一個話題或一個名詞出現(xiàn)在同一個語境的另一個名詞。如： school-primary schoolmiddle schoolcollegeuniversity st

23、udentspupilsgraduatespostgraduates 2）動詞同現(xiàn)：與一個話題或一個名詞出現(xiàn)在同一個語境的另一個動詞。如： schoolteachlearnattendfounddrop outgraduatebe dismissed 3） 形容詞同現(xiàn); 就某一語境而言所能出現(xiàn)的形容詞也是有規(guī)律的。如： 在學校這個語境中：（key）school（optional）course（compulsory）course 4）結構同現(xiàn): 結構同現(xiàn)批搭配之類的句型和成對出現(xiàn)的短語。如：some,others; on one hand,on the other hand; former,la

24、tter; sothat; not onlybut also; hardly/scarcelywhen; no soonerthan; be about to do /be doing /had done /be on the point of doing/be to do/be ready to do/be on the way when; I put my head in, expecting the worst. But to my surprise, the 

25、;room wasnt empty at all. It had furniture, curtains, a TV, and even paintings on the wall. And then on the well-made bed sat Amy, my new _, dressed neatly

26、.  A. roommate   B. classmate   C. neighbor   D. companion The 60 Knows.Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction.60. A. Nose B. Eye C. Heart D. Hand解題思路七：仔細分析長難句。找出句子主干，主從句，定語狀語等。In todays American so

27、ciety, high school dropout has day by day grown into a big problem threatening social and economic stability, as many cases of family _51_ or even tragedies, caused by youth dropout are grabbing headlines in media. 51.A. objectionsB. conflictsC. establishmentsD. happiness答案： B。 長難句分析， 第一層是as 引導的原因狀語

28、從句，主句是school dropout has grown into a big problem. 后面緊跟 動名詞做定語。 As 從句中 caused 過去分詞作后置定語。在進行句子分析時，一定注意把定語等找出來。In many countries, the language of education is not the same as the language of the home for 53 the majority of children . Furthermore, in many countries, young language learners comprise the

29、 most rapidly growing segment of the elementary (primary) school population. 54 While in some schools there is no extra support to help young language learners acquire the language of instruction, in most countries where there are large numbers of young learners, there is a _55_ awareness of their s

30、pecial needs.55. A. reducing B. watching C. growing D. slipping解析： 55題根據前文可以推斷出選C. growing 表示提高的意識?？梢詫@個長句子進行長難句分析：首先是while 引導的讓步狀語從句。 在while 從句中運用了help sb do sth 的結構。 在主句中，where 引導的定語從句，先行詞是countries.解題思路八：仔細推敲, 注重邏輯。 做完完形填空題后,要根據所選答案迅速地把文章完整地讀一遍, 看語法、慣用法對不對;看是否符合上下文的邏輯; 看是否符合故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展,以便更正可能的錯誤選擇。一個

31、完整的語篇應該是符合邏輯的，文章邏輯關系的取得主要靠過渡詞的使用。作者利用轉承語保證文章的邏輯，學生在做完形填空時應通過自己對上下文的理解，找到適當?shù)倪壿嬯P系，然后選擇正確的過渡詞。學生必掌握常見的過渡詞：1. 遞進 in addition, furthermore, again, also, besides, moreover, whats more, whats worse, to make matters worse, to make things worse , worse still 2.比較 in the same way, as with, similarly, equally,

32、 in comparison, just as 3.對照 in contrast, on the other hand, instead, however, nevertheless, unlike, on the contrary, while 4.因果 because, because of, for, since, due to, owing to, thanks to, as a result (of), so, thus 5.強調 certainly, above all, indeed, of course, surely, actually, as a matter of fac

33、t, especially，in particular, absolutely6.讓步 although, though, after all, in spite of 7.舉例 for example, for instance, that is, namely, such as, in other words, in this case, by way of illustration.8. 時間和空間 afterward, after, first, later, then, soon, finally, at last outside, near, beyond, above, belo

34、w, on the right(left), in the middle, opposite, in front of 9. 總結 to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in short, in brief, all in all, in all, in summary 表示轉折關系： 例1： (浦東新區(qū)2014年二模)a survey of 99 green buildings in America found that on average, they use 30% less energy than conventional buildings. . Th

35、e traditional approach of trying to minimize construction costs, _58_, can lead to higher energy bills and wasted materials. 58. A. in return B. for instance C. by contrast D. in general 答案解析：綠色建筑比傳統(tǒng)建筑少用30%的能源，與之形成對比的是，傳統(tǒng)建筑會導致更高的能源成本及材料的浪費。所以選C，與上文形成轉折對比。例2：(普陀區(qū)2014年二模)The following numbers would be

36、 55 for most of us to remember. 31848. But look at them in “ chunks”, and it becomes much easier. 1492 1789 1993 1848.55. A. convenientB. impossibleC. meaningfulD. technical答案解析：兩句之間的But表明是轉折關系，下文出現(xiàn)了“it becomes much easier”，所以此空要填的詞與easier形成對比，即選B，impossible。表示因果關系：例1：(浦東新區(qū)2014年二模)_51_ its artful de

37、sign and some fancy technology, it is expected to consume up to 50% less energy than a conventional office building.51. A. In place of B. Thanks to C. In spite of D. In addition to答案解析：句意是“由于藝術性的設計及奇特的技術，環(huán)保建筑大樓比傳統(tǒng)的辦公大樓少消耗50%的能源”，所以此空可得出答案為B。例2：(浦東新區(qū)2014年二模)a survey of 99 green buildings in America f

38、ound that on average, they use 30% less energy than conventional buildings. So any additional building costs can be _57_ quickly.57. A. recovered B. gained C. counted D. valued 答案解析：句意是“綠色建筑比傳統(tǒng)建筑少用30%能源，所以增加的建筑成本可以很快回收?！碧崾驹~So,表明上下文為因果關系，所以選A.表示并列關系：例1：(浦東新區(qū)2014年二模) improve employees health and produ

39、ctivity, reduce legal liability, and _56_ property values and rental returns. 56. A. involve B. enhance C. share D. show答案解析：句意是“綠色環(huán)保建筑能夠改善員工的健康及生產力，并且增加建筑的價值及租金回報”，根據and可看出此空是與前面的improve構成并列。四個選項中 ，只有B表示“增強或提高”，所以答案為B。表示條件關系：例1：(普陀區(qū)2014年二模)Life would be so much easier if we could remember things 51

40、 .51. A. effortlesslyB. purposefullyC. exactlyD. carelessly答案解析：句意是“生活將變的更容易，如果記憶不費力氣。”所以選A。表示解說關系：例1：(普陀區(qū)2014年二模)there is nothing 61 about these methods- they were around even in ancient times.61. A. effectiveB. awfulC. valuableD. new答案解析：句意是“這些方法沒有什么新穎之處-他們在古代就已經有了?！本渲械钠普厶柋硎窘忉屨f明，所以選D。 例題及練習Everyon

41、e in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining (留住) customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, 50 , words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once companies have attracted customers they often 51 the second half of the story. In the excitement of beating off the compe

42、tition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers tend to become carried away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of business 52 that the customer remains a customer. 53 to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amoun

43、ts of money annually. It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10 and 30 per cent of its customers every years. In constantly changing 54 , this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any idea how many customers they have lost.Only now are organ

44、izations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the 55 implications. Cutting down the number of customers a company loses can make a big 56 in its performance. Research in the US found that a five per cent decrease in the number of defecting (流失的) customers led to 57 increase

45、s of between 25 and 85 per cent.In the US, Dominos Pizza estimates that a regular customer is worth more than $5,000 over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and 58 never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in 59 profits (more if

46、you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience).The logic behind cultivating customer 60 is impossible to deny. “In practice most companies marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to 61 them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield Univer

47、sity School of Management. “Research suggests that there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits. 62 customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price 63 , and may provide free word-

48、of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it 64 for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.50. A. in particular B. in reality C. at least D. first of all51. A. emphasize B. doubt C. overlook D. believe52. A. denyingB. ensuring C. arguing D. proving53. A. Moving

49、B. Hoping C. Starting D. Failing54. A. markets B. tastes C. prices D. expenses55. A. culture B. social C. financial D. Economical56. A. promise B. plan C. mistake D. difference57. A. cost B. opportunity C. profit D. budget58. as a result B. on the whole C. in conclusion D. on the contrary59. A. huge

50、 B. potential C. extra D. reasonable60. A. beliefs B. loyalty C. habits D. interest61. A. altering B. understanding C. keeping D. attracting62. A. Assumed B. Respected C. Established D. Unexpected63. A. agreeable B. flexible C. friendly D. sensitive64. A. unfair B. difficult C. essential D. convenie

51、ntKeys：5054. BCBDA5559. CDCAB6064. BCCDB詞匯整理：in particular 尤其特別on the whole 整體而言on the contrary相反地regular customer ?？?，老顧客（聽力?？荚~）2. 高頻動詞：emphasize, overlook, ensure, deny, assume, alter3. 高頻名詞：taste(品味，審美)，expense, budget, profit, loyalty, share(股份)4. 高頻形容詞：financial, economical(節(jié)儉的)，potential(n.潛力),

52、 agreeable, flexible, sensitive, unfair, essential, 特殊句型理解：1. Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the 55 implications.Only+時間狀語，部分倒裝。2. Retaining customers also makes it 64 for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.“it

53、”做形式賓語，替代 “to enter a market or increase their share of a market.”1.復習高頻詞組、詞義辨析文檔2.完成以下練習Harvard LibraryIf we compare professors and students to the host of a university, then the library of a university can be compared to the hallway. The quality of a university, _51_, is in direct proportion to th

54、at of its library. At Harvard, the library is an essential part of everybodys life. Both the quantity and the _52_ of the library make study a pleasant process.Harvard Library is not only the most ancient library in the United States, but the largest university library with the largest scale. In 163

55、8 John Harvard _53_ his whole library to the then Harvard College. After 300 years of development, the library now holds 10 million books and _54_ more than 100 branch libraries. In addition to the libraries owned by each school, there are some branch libraries that are _55_ in some aspects. While m

56、ost of the branch libraries are on Harvard campus, some are as far as in Washington, D.C., or even in Florence of Italy. Yenching Library is famous for its _56_ of East Asian literature. Lamont Library is the first library in the world that is _57_ for undergraduates. Widener Library is the largest

57、library in Harvard, only second to Library of Congress.What _58_ to be mentioned is the system or rather the service of the libraries. Usually the libraries are open from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. The main libraries are open until 10 p.m. The libraries for undergraduates will even be open all night during the _59_ period. The li