基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)Book1

1、基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)Book1-Book2 核心詞匯Topic One Summer Vacation一,Language Structures in Unit 11,chess tournament :錦標(biāo)賽，聯(lián)賽eg: They were defeated in the first round of chess tournament. They went out of the tournament in the first round.2,shadowboxing, body-building exercise, physical exercise二，Dialogue in Unit 11,camp:

2、野營(yíng)，營(yíng)地，帳篷 a summer camp/ a military camp/ a refugee(難民) camp/ a prison camp派生campcampercampsitecampfire2,hike: (inf.) Take a hike!讓離開(kāi),哪涼快哪躲著去!價(jià)格提高eg: The cost of living has hiked up again.3,subdivid: divid into smaller and smaller pieceseg: The city of Wuhan is subdivided into several districts.Sub-:

3、under: subway, submarine, subconsciousless important :subplot, subcontinent, subtitle, suburban4,be impressed by:eg: Freshmen are always impressed by the beautiful natural environment on campus.The audience were impressed by the scholars influent speech.派生 impress impressive impression: a good/first

4、 impressionimpress sth. on sb.=impress sb. with sth.eg: Our teacher impressed the importance of independence on us.5,reminisce: think about the past events and days, recalleg:My grandfather used to reminisce about his years in the navy.派生reminiscencen. reminiscenta.懷舊的 in a reminiscent mood其他簡(jiǎn)單詞組見(jiàn)課本

5、歸納三，Reading One and Two in Unit 11,sticky:有粘性的 feel hot and stickysticky tape:膠布，膠帶sticky end : unhappy end/ disastereg: I like films where villains(壞人) come to a sticky end.Most gangsters come to a sticky end eventually.2,burst:突然爆發(fā)/發(fā)生 burst into cry/ burst into tears/burst into laughtereg: The doo

6、r burst open.3,sandy-haired: 名詞+ ed分詞talented, experienced, privileged, wrinkled做練習(xí)冊(cè)上的題目！4,convince: convence sb. of sth./ convince sb. that（常用被動(dòng)）eg: The government tries to convince the public of the desirability of the new tax policy.I was convinced by him that this would be the best choice we had

7、 ever made5, burglar: the person who enters a building illegally and steal夜賊派生 burglaryn.盜竊 burglevt./vi.行竊比較詞義: rob: rob sb. of sth. 搶銀行/錢 steal: steal sth. from sb. 偷竊 burglarize/burgle: 入室搶劫6,peer at: look carefully仔細(xì)看，費(fèi)力看7，budge: move slightly 用于否定句eg: We try to move the rock , but it would not

8、budge.8, approach: make ones way to / make foreg:We made our way to the town on foot yesterday.vt. 接近，靠近 the approaching holiday/ The weekend is approaching.When the teacher approached the classroom, he found all the students reading aloud.She is not easy to approach.vt.處理 There are several ways of

9、approaching the problem.n.途徑，入門(mén) All the approaches to the city were blocked or damaged because of the earthquake.9, grab: take hold of10, apparently: obviously11, have a flat tyre: have a puncture爆胎12, take sb. off toTopic Two Campus Life一,Structures in Unit 21, cater for 2, phonetics 派生phonetic表示語(yǔ)音

10、的/ phonetician語(yǔ)言學(xué)家3，popular science book4, takeseriously: You can not take her promises seriously, because she never keeps her words.5, be clumsy at sth.6,wither:（花）凋謝，（希望）破滅7, the other day: a few days ago二,Dialogue 1 in Unit 31,challenge派生 challenging eg: The first challenge the new government fac

11、es is reducing/ bridging the gap between the rich and poor.2,authority: 權(quán)利；官方；當(dāng)局（復(fù)數(shù)） the authorities concerned 有關(guān)當(dāng)局 stretch ones authority 濫用職權(quán) 派生 authorizeauthorizationauthoritative(權(quán)威性的)3, prefer to : prefer tea to coffeeprefer to say nothing than say sth. stupidprefer sb. to do/ not to do sth.4,

12、a wide variety ofdiversityeg: The shirts are available in a wide variety of styles.variety shows 綜藝節(jié)目5, annual/ annually: annual report/ salary/ conference6,renew: replace sth. old with sth. new of the same kindeg: Every year I renew my membership of the sports club. Renew a passport/permit許可證/ leas

13、e租約/ contract7,on a monthly basis on a regular basis8,be located on the outskirts of the city郊區(qū)= rural areas, suburban areas, 9, metropolis:主要都市，首都（補(bǔ)充）orientationn.方向，定方位 orientatevt,向東，朝東 the orient: 東方 career-orientated teaching/ student-oriented class 10, hustle and bustle 重點(diǎn),兩個(gè)詞作動(dòng)作名的用法 the hustl

14、e and bustle of modern life the street full of hustle and bustle11,ignore: 派生 ignorancen. ignoranta. be ignorant of sth.比較：neglect:粗心，故意disregard:故意，漠視overlook: 粗心，忽視12, distraction and diversion:eg:Shoplifters often work in pairs, with one creating a diversion to distract the shop assistants while

15、the other steals the goods.The present armed clash on the border was a diversion to make people forget the internal difficult economic situation.13, have access(vt./n.) to: get access toThe house is in the central part of the town with good access to the shops.All the branches can access the data ba

16、nk of the general office.As the states spokesman, he has special access to the press, radio, and TV, which he fully uses to accomplish his aims.派生 accessible, inaccessible14, facility:設(shè)施 sanitary衛(wèi)生/ sports/ medical/ teaching/ shopping facilities機(jī)器附件 a facility to produce speech as well as textcall-i

17、ndication facility 來(lái)電顯示器作業(yè)：引申去學(xué)習(xí) facilitate:物做主語(yǔ)， facile15,adjust: adjustto派生 adjustable adjustment16, available: 派生 unavailable “人有沒(méi)有空”要提示一下！ eg: Im available this afternoon.17,whatsoever: 無(wú)論怎樣，否定和強(qiáng)調(diào)語(yǔ)氣eg: There is no evidence whatsoever to show that this is in fact the case.18, delight: delightful/

18、 delighteddelight in doing sth.take (great) delight in (teasing little children)三，Reading One and Two in Unit 71,stiff: a piece of stiff cardboardmoustache is as stiff as a brush僵硬:feel stiff after a days travel手腳冷fingers are stiff with cold不自然，拘謹(jǐn)?shù)腶 stiff smile, stiff manner, eg: She speaks stiff En

19、glish. (形近) sniff:嗅/聞 (習(xí))as stiff as a poker生硬,刻板 派生stiffen/ stiffness2, impulse: n.沖動(dòng)，一時(shí)的念頭 派生 impulsivean impulse (to do) flashed through meresist the impulse do sth. on impulseeg: He felt an irresistible impulse to rush out of the office. a.(定語(yǔ)) impulse buy/ purchase 一時(shí)心血來(lái)潮買下的東西3,coax: coax sb. t

20、o do/ into doing sth.4,desperate:desperate criminals be in a desperate state危急狀態(tài) there is a desperate shortage of嚴(yán)重缺乏 make a desperate attempt5,void: be void of sth.空缺，缺乏 be void of common sense null and void無(wú)效的eg: The contract was declared void ,not having been signed.(反義詞)valid 比較：blank, empty, va

21、cant6,my mind went blank/ I am blank/ I collected my senses.7, dumb: cannot speak啞的 deaf, blind stupid文中就是 play dumb 裝聾作啞（補(bǔ)充）numb 麻木的，失去知覺(jué)的 numb ones sensedumbfound 令人驚呆的 dumbstruck 令人驚訝地說(shuō)不出話，呆了8, 要求歸類各類哭聲9，prolong: eg:They prolonged their visit by a few days.派生prolonged, prolongation10, fertility （

22、人）生育能力 派生 fertile fertilize使受精 fertilizereg:We have irrigated the soil area to make it fertile.11, survive 派生 survival12, gracious 親切的，客氣的，寬厚的eg: She has gracious manners and makes us feel at home.13, box ones ears/ slap ones face 扇耳光box sb. on the ears/ slap sb. On the face14, in a smouldering temp

23、er 窩了一肚子的火Topic Three English Language Learning一， Structures in Unit 31, 第一個(gè)表格中器具的名稱2, sponge cake3, cellar/ basement4, mow the lawn（比較）grassland:草原，草地，泛指 meadow: 干草pasture: 放牧的草地prairie: (水美) 大草原5, cross-talk6, postpone/ put off/ delay （比較）cancel / call off二， Dialogue in Unit 41, get on ones nerves

24、: make people upset, nervous eg: The noise of the children playing the hide-and-seek got on the old mans nerves. be all nerves(inf)勇氣，膽量eg: Youll need plenty of nerve to sit beside him when he is driving.eg: I dont think he has the nerve to lie.2, make sense of: understand3, isolated: 孤立的 feel isola

25、tedeg: Under the present situation of globalization, no country can remain isolated.派生 isolation4, focus on: center on, concentrate on5, count: eg: What counts is not what you say, but what you have done.eg: Every vote counts in an election.count sb. in/ count on sb.三， Dialogue in Unit 161, efficien

26、t: 人的能力，辦事有效2，arrive at : agree on3, proficiency: 派生 proficient4, formula: 公式，套路，模式 equation 等式5，precise: eg: To be precise, 確切的講 a precise definition派生 precision adv. precisely (補(bǔ)充) concise:簡(jiǎn)明的 a concise speech/ summary6, come across: run into , bump into四, Reading One and Two in Unit 161, postpone

27、: procrastinate delay put off doing2, (have) a tendency to/ toward :eg: There is a tendency toward late marriage among young people.tend to sth.3, deadline: before/ miss/ meet the deadline4, highly efficient:（人辦事）高效的5，prompt: 派生 promptly = in time answer letters promptly/ deal with problems promptly

28、/ be prompt inv. prompt sb. to do激起，促進(jìn)eg: His evasive/ vague reply prompted me to ask him another question.eg:What prompt you to change your job?6, reasonable and realistic : 有理智的，現(xiàn)實(shí)的7, lenient: merciful be lenient with ourselves (反) be strict/ severe with ourselves8, fatigue: eg: We were all suffer

29、ing from fatigue at the end of our journey.9, splash: splash water on/ over the floorsplash ones money on大肆揮霍10，fumble: touch or deal with sth. Awkwardly and nervouslyeg: She fumbled (about) in her pocket for some change/ the ticket.He fumbled with his notes and began to speak.11, stray: a. 走失的，迷失的

30、stray sheep 迷失的羔羊 a stray dogvi. eg: Lets walk hand in hand so as not to stray from each other.stray from the main point 偏題 stray passers 寥寥幾個(gè)行人12, stand in ones shoes13, intense: extreme 強(qiáng)烈的，極度的（高強(qiáng)度）intense study/ heat/ pain on the back(比較) intensive 集約的，深入仔細(xì)的intensive reading/ preparation/ study o

31、f a subject(區(qū)別) extensive 廣闊的，大量的 派生 intensity密度 intensify14, transition: 派生 transitional eg: The freshmen need a transitional period of two or three months for the new environment.transit from toTopic Four Travel一, Language structures in Unit 41, hesitantly 躊躇地，猶豫地 派生 hesitate2, fluently 派生 fluency

32、3, extensively 廣泛地，深遠(yuǎn)地 intensively 集中地，強(qiáng)烈地4，rehearsal 派生 rehearse: eg: The actors has three weeks of rehearsal before the play opens.5, promote: sb. is promoted to account managereg: Exercises promote health. To promote more exchange and cooperation programs with other countries6, be excused from st

33、h. 請(qǐng)假不來(lái)be absent from sth. make up for sth. 彌補(bǔ)，補(bǔ)課7，consult an encyclopedia : consult sb: eg: The students consulted his tutor for information on how to choose courses.consult sth.: consult the map to make sure they are heading in the correct direction派生 consultation consultant consult with sb. =talk

34、 over sth. with sb.二， Dialogue One in Unit 21, a busy tourist season : 旅游旺季2, resort: a ski resort a seaside resort a holiday/ vacation resortv. eg: If order means fail , we shall resort to force.Eg: You should have resorted to your parents.3,(be in ) session eg: Access to these schools is restricte

35、d when school is in session.4, scene 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，景（具體的有人參與） country sceneseg: A crowd gathered around the scene of the accident. On the scene 在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)5，a narrow winding road: wind winding: following a curing course彎曲的山路 winding mountain path小河蜿蜒地穿過(guò)山谷 The river winds through a valley.eg: wind a bandage around ones

36、 arm6, incidentally: 派生 incidental 附帶的 incidentals雜費(fèi)三， Dialogue One in Unit 131, Fancy meet you here!2, renowned: famous, famed, widely known3, prosperous: eg: At no time has China been more prosperous that at present.派生 prosperity （口譯句型）4, spicy: spicy girl 掌握：酸甜苦辣咸辛 5, inexhaustible: can not be en

37、tirely consumed or use upan inexhaustible supply of solar energyexhaust: 用盡，疲憊，筋疲力盡 sb. is totally exhausted n.廢氣exhaust/ exhaust fume 排氣管exhaust pipe6,breathtaking: 驚險(xiǎn)的 (inf.)興奮的，太棒了！7，authentic:真正的，正宗的，有依據(jù)可信的authentic Chinese food / authentic painting eg: He was there and saw what happened, so his

38、 account is authentic.(比較)genuine東西，貨物（真品質(zhì)）, real（real friends）, true (true love) fake:假造(欺騙 ) a fake diamond/ necklace/ antique/ goods counterfeit:false 假書(shū)，假貨，假皮，假證件 a false passport/ proof/ statement8, parallel: ( 反) unparallel9, take it for granted10, prevail: popular:流行，盛行 eg: Pop songs with tra

39、ditional Chinese styles now prevail among young people.v.勝過(guò)，壓倒eg: Truth is great and will prevail. At last justice has prevailed the guilty.四， Reading One in Unit 18 Book21,ornate and exquisite: delicate , dainty2, poignant: affecting ones feeling deeplypoignant sorrow: 深深的悲傷 a poignant memory 悲傷的回憶

40、3，sparkle: flash: eg: There was a flash of lightening in the sky.glitter: .物體反射）明亮不定的光eg: The diamond ring on ger finger glittered in the light.如火花短暫，耀眼 sparkle of little dancing waves in the lakes(引申)炯炯有神的眼光 sparkle of/ in her eyes4, vandal: （蓄意）破壞的人 派生 vandalism5, seize the throne 武力奪權(quán)Topic Five I

41、nterview and Hobby一， Structures in Unit 51, collapsible umbrella2, claim sth. 認(rèn)領(lǐng)3，stamp album4, make up the classes5, chamber music6, orchestra7,bump : bump against a bumpy ride/ flight because of a lot of air turbulence aheadeg: The traffic was bumper to bumper. bumper car二， Dialogue One in Unit 18

42、1, flop: vi.拍動(dòng)，搖晃 (inf.)徹底失敗 (f.)戲劇eg: Despite all the publicity, her latest novel was a complete flop.2, expressive: 善于表達(dá)的，口才好的 有感想的,抒情的eg: Id like to listen to an expressive piece of music when I have a day off work.3, intonation4, faculty:才能;學(xué)院,系; 全體教師5, captivate: fascinate, attract6, pay off 帶來(lái)

43、好結(jié)果,有回報(bào)7, rack ones brain to do 苦思苦想, 絞盡腦汁8, (eight weeks ) in a row continuously連續(xù)的eg: She has been voted Best Actress three times in a row.9, make a hit 10, split ones sides laughing /with laughter: 笑得前仰后合,捧腹大笑三, Dialogue One in Unit 61, amateur: unprofessional2, compliment:( 贊揚(yáng)年輕和衣服)eg: One likes

44、 to hear compliments on ones appearance.vt. compliment sb. on sth.( achievement)eg: Martin is a young man of independent thinking who is not about to pay compliments to his leaders.3, volunteer:vi. volunteer to do sth. n.志愿者 主動(dòng)說(shuō)出eg: Firms rarely volunteer information about the shortcomings of their

45、products.4, on every occasion: 在每一個(gè)場(chǎng)合下 on the occasion of值此之際5, rounds of applause 陣陣掌聲 a big round of applause6, conscious: be conscious of (反)unconsciouseg: He was so involved in his work that he was not conscious of what was happening around him.He was badly hurt, but he still remaining conscious

46、.7, proficiency: language/ English/ computer/ proficiency這份工作要求較高的計(jì)算機(jī)操作水平eg: The job requires high proficiency in operating a computer.派生 proficient a. : be proficient in a proficient driver 我能用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn),但不能說(shuō)我已經(jīng)精通這門(mén)語(yǔ)言.8,pursue: 忙于,從事,追求 pursue ones dream/ goal/ happiness/ fashioneg: He has been purs

47、uing the scientific research for 30 years.派生 pursuit n. in pursuit of happiness9, atcost at whatever cost 不論付出任何代價(jià)eg: His success was achieved at the cost of sweat and suffering.四, Reading Two in Unit 61, original: vi. /vt. create, beginvi. eg: The bullfighting originated in Spain.The industrial rev

48、olution originated in the invention of steam engine.vt. 創(chuàng)造eg: The person who originated this type of research method deserves parise. originate an idea派生 original originality2, pastime:在文中找近義詞 recreation, entertainment3, commemorative 派生 commemorateeg: Dragon Boat Day is to commemorate Quyuan.Hewes is built to commemorate those soldiers killed in the A