非謂語(yǔ)做賓補(bǔ)

1、一、動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)不定式的基本屬性是表示“將來(lái)”。在英語(yǔ)中有些動(dòng)詞要求接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ),表示了動(dòng)作將發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之后。這些動(dòng)詞常見的有:ask, tell, cause, force, want, enable, feel, find, get, let, allow, wish, want, like, know, intend, expect, prefer, permit, request, hear, help, order, invite, encourage, warn, remind, oblige etc.例題1 (2003常州高三模擬測(cè)試題24His parent

2、s meant him _ science research, but he showed no interest and turned poet.A. going in forB. to have gone in forC. to go in forD. having gone in for解析本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)。動(dòng)詞mean(想要后接不定式作賓補(bǔ)。題干的后半句“對(duì)此沒(méi)有興趣,就當(dāng)了詩(shī)人”表明他已使父母的愿望落空。所以,用不定式完成體。答案:B例題2 (2004太原高三模擬考試(二24Parents should encourage their children _ their own

3、 decisions in order to develop their independenceA. makingB. madeC. to makeD. to have made解析本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)。Allow 后面要跟帶to 的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。D項(xiàng)表示動(dòng)作處于完成狀態(tài),不合題義。答案:C例題3 (2004昆明市高三模擬題24Do you have anything _, sir?No, thank you.A. to typeB. to be typedC. typeD. typing解析本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)。題干中的have sth to be done 不同于have sth

4、 to do。前者中的to be done作賓補(bǔ),表示有事情讓他人做;而后者中的to do 作定語(yǔ),表示自己有事要做。答案:B例題4 (2004湖北省重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高三第二學(xué)聯(lián)考題31What would you need, besides a sewing-machine, _ a dress?Youd have to have some material and a pair of scissors.A. makeB. madeC. makingD. to make解析本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)。題干中的besides a sewing-machine是插入成分。簡(jiǎn)化后可以清晰地看出“Sb nee

5、d sth to do sth”這一基本句型。答案:D二、To be 不定式作賓補(bǔ)在英語(yǔ)中有些動(dòng)詞要求接to be不定式作賓補(bǔ),用來(lái)說(shuō)明邏輯主語(yǔ)的身份特征。這些動(dòng)詞常見的有:Believe, consider, discover, declare, dind, feel, know, think, prove, suppose, turn out, judge, imagine, guess etc.例題5 (2003廣州市高中畢業(yè)班綜合測(cè)試(一25What does Mr. White think of Tom?He _ Tom a good student.A. recognizeB. b

6、elievesC. considersD. agree解析本題考查動(dòng)詞的用法。題中的believe 和consider 都可以跟to be 不定式作賓補(bǔ)。如果是名詞作不定式的表語(yǔ),consider后的to be 可以省掉,而believe 只有在形容詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)才可以省掉to be。答案:C例題6 (2004寧波十校聯(lián)考30How old is he?I should suppose _ about twenty.A. him to beB. him beingC. to beD. he be解析本題考查suppose后面跟復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)。Suppose 后可以接從句,但一般用陳述語(yǔ)氣。所以選A

7、, 即用to be 不定式作賓補(bǔ)。答案:A這種結(jié)構(gòu)在書面語(yǔ)言中使用較多,而在口語(yǔ)中多用賓語(yǔ)從句。在think, believe, consider, find 等詞后,to be 不定式通?？梢圆挥?例如:They found the answer (to be quite satisfactory.I believe him (to be right.三、省掉to 的不定式作賓補(bǔ)在英語(yǔ)中有兩種動(dòng)詞可以接省掉to 的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。一類是使役動(dòng)詞let, make 和have,表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之后;另一類是感官動(dòng)詞see, watch, notice, observe, look at,

8、listen to, hear, feel 等。這些動(dòng)詞后使用省掉to 的不定式強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果,表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生了。例題7 (2003煙臺(tái)市高考適應(yīng)性練習(xí)(三29It is encouraging to see millions on the earth who had nothing but a record of misery and hunger _ the chance to improve their life.A. havingB. to haveC. haveD. who have解析本題考查省掉to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。題干中的who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句連同介詞短語(yǔ)on theearth都可以

9、理解為干擾成分。簡(jiǎn)化后便成“It is encouraging to see sb have the chance to do sth”答案:C但是在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中必須在不定式前再加上to。例題8 (2002陜西省高考模擬考試(二23Does anyone want an extra ticket to go to the movies?Whom would rather _ with you, Gorge or me?A. to goB. have goneC. have goD. going解析本題考察省掉to 的不定式作賓補(bǔ)的用法。疑問(wèn)詞whom作使役動(dòng)詞have的賓語(yǔ),因?yàn)楸惶崆?而增加了

10、本題的難度系數(shù)。答案:C例題9 (2004南陽(yáng)市高三第二次模擬考試26Do you have any clothes _, sir?No, thank you, I had my daughter _ them this morning.A to wash; washedB washing; washC washed; to washD to be washed; wash解析本題既考查不定式的被動(dòng)形式作賓補(bǔ),又考查了省掉to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。第一have sth to be done中的不定式被動(dòng)形式表示讓主語(yǔ)以外的人去做;第二句中have是使役動(dòng)詞,后面要求跟省掉to 的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。用答案

11、:D四、現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)在英語(yǔ)中感官動(dòng)詞后還可以接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ),強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作(當(dāng)時(shí)正在發(fā)生。這類動(dòng)詞有:see, watch, notice, observe, look at, listen to, hear, feel 等。例題10 (2003北京海淀區(qū)高三第二學(xué)期期末練習(xí)26ONeal works hard. He is often seen _ heavily before his teammates have even arrived at practice.A. sweatedB. to be sweatedC. sweatingD. being sweated解析本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作

12、主補(bǔ)。在本題的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)see sb doing結(jié)構(gòu)中,現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ),表示動(dòng)作當(dāng)時(shí)正在進(jìn)行。所以選用sweating,描寫人們看到奧尼爾大汗淋漓的景象。答案:C例題11 (2003NMET 22A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen.A. smokeB. smokingC. to smokeD. smoked解析本題查考非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。例題12 (2004北京春招32He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passen

13、ger.A. putB. to be puttingC. to putD. putting解析本題考查現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)。Catch sb doing sth 意思是“無(wú)意發(fā)現(xiàn)某人(正在做什么”。B 項(xiàng)是不定式的進(jìn)行體,表示將來(lái)正在做某事,不合題義。答案:D五、過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)在英語(yǔ)中有少數(shù)動(dòng)詞可以跟過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ), 表明過(guò)去分詞和邏輯主語(yǔ)之間呈被動(dòng)關(guān)系。這類動(dòng)詞有:Find, feel, hear, see, have, get, leave, like, keep, expect, want, wish, make, order 等。例題13 (20022NMET22The manager di

14、scussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year.A. carry outB. carrying outC. carried outD. to carry out解析定語(yǔ)從句they would like to see修飾先行詞the plan,關(guān)系代詞that則指代plan, 做see 的賓語(yǔ),carry out 的對(duì)象是plan, 故用過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。例題14 (2003北京宣武區(qū)高三質(zhì)量檢測(cè)27You will find the word “psychology” _ under “P” in you r dicti

15、onary.A. have listedB. listC. listedD. listing解析非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“列”同邏輯主語(yǔ)“psychology”之間呈被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以使用過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。答案:C例題15 (2003臨汾市高考模擬考試32What are you up to tomorrow morning?Im going to the passport office _.A. for stamping my passportB. to stamp my passportC. to have stamped my passportD. to have my passport stamped解析B和C分別使用了動(dòng)詞不定式的一般體和完成體,但實(shí)質(zhì)含義都是說(shuō)明由不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)“I”去給護(hù)照蓋章,所以不合題義。而D項(xiàng)的意思是(叫人給護(hù)照蓋個(gè)章,所以使用由名詞+過(guò)去分詞組成的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)。答案:D例題16 (2004桂林市高考第一次模擬試題23The tea