vmware搭建oraclegrac測(cè)試環(huán)境forlinu

1、For Linux人閱讀評(píng)論(0)收藏舉報(bào)VMware 搭建 Oracle 1 1 g RAC 測(cè)試環(huán)境2015-01-11 17:16153592三分類：Oracle RAC (1 )|版權(quán)聲明：本文為博主原創(chuàng)文章，未經(jīng)博主允許不得轉(zhuǎn)載。環(huán)境如下：Linux操作系統(tǒng)VMware version : Workstation 8.0.3 build-703057Oracle步驟規(guī)劃：1，配置虛擬機(jī)、安裝Linux操作系統(tǒng)2，配置OS3，配置ASM4，安裝 Oracle grid5，安裝 Oracle database6，創(chuàng)建ASM磁盤(pán)組7 ,建立數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)實(shí)例1，配置虛擬機(jī)、安裝Lin ux操作系統(tǒng)

2、1.1新建虛擬機(jī)：RAC1和RAC2，并安裝 OS1.5G內(nèi)存比較好,2個(gè)橋接網(wǎng)卡。下載Centos的iso后新建虛擬機(jī)后安裝即可， 這里略。注意內(nèi)存分配，每個(gè)虛擬機(jī)至少 我的機(jī)器8G內(nèi)存，給每個(gè)虛擬機(jī)分了 2G ,給每個(gè)虛擬機(jī)分配 50GB硬盤(pán)容量，配置1.2 配置 Share Disks新建共享硬盤(pán)，在DOS VM安裝目錄下執(zhí)行：cd D F:/Software/vm8/vmware-vdiskma nager.exe -c -s 1000Mb -a lsilogic -t 2 K:VMDiskSharediskocr.vmdkvmware-vdiskma nager.exe -c -s

3、1000Mb -a lsilogic -t 2 K:VMDiskSharediskocr2.vmdkvmware-vdiskma nager.exe -c -s 1000Mb -a lsilogic -t 2 K:VMDiskSharediskvot in gdisk.vmdkvmware-vdiskma nager.exe -c -s 20000Mb -a lsilogic -t 2 K:VMDiskSharediskdata.vmdkvmware-vdiskma nager.exe -c -s 10000Mb -a lsilogic -t 2 K:VMDiskSharediskbackup

4、.vmdk配置虛擬機(jī) RAC1 RAC2目錄下的vmx虛擬機(jī)配置文件，在行最后添加如下：scsi1.prese nt = "TRUE"scsi1.virtualDev = "lsilogic"scsi1.sharedBus = "virtual"scsi1:1.prese nt = "TRUE"scsi1:1.mode = "in depe nden t-persiste nt"scsi1:1.file name = "K:VMDiskSharediskocr.vmdk"sc

5、si1:1.deviceType = "plai nDisk"scsi1:2.prese nt = "TRUE"scsi1:2.mode = "in depe nden t-persiste nt"scsi1:2.file name = "K:VMDiskSharediskvoti ngdisk.vmdk"scsi1:2.deviceType = "plai nDisk"scsi1:3.prese nt = "TRUE"scsi1:3.mode = "in depe

6、 nden t-persiste nt"scsi1:3.file name = "K:VMDiskSharediskdata.vmdk"scsi1:3.deviceType = "plain Disk"scsi1:4.prese nt = "TRUE"scsi1:4.mode = "in depe nden t-persiste nt"scsi1:4.file name = "K:VMDiskSharediskbackup.vmdk"scsi1:4.deviceType = "

7、;plai nDisk"scsi1:5.prese nt = "TRUE"scsi1:5.mode = "in depe nden t-persiste nt"scsi1:5.file name = "K:VMDiskSharediskocr2.vmdk"scsi1:5.deviceType = "plain Disk"disk .locking = "false"diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = "0"diskLib.dataCacheMaxR

8、eadAheadSize = "0"diskLib.DataCacheMi nReadAheadSize = "0"diskLib.dataCachePageSize = "4096"diskLib.max Un sy ncedWrites = "0"保存退出。最后虛擬機(jī)圖大致如下：再次提醒注意內(nèi)存、硬盤(pán)和網(wǎng)卡配置。配置虛擬機(jī)、安裝Linux操作系統(tǒng)完成。2，配置OS以下沒(méi)有特別說(shuō)明都需要同時(shí)在兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)執(zhí)行。2.1關(guān)閉防火墻、selinux（考慮到后面安裝時(shí)會(huì)碰到一些情況，所以需要執(zhí)行這步驟）關(guān)閉 selinuxs

9、ete nforce 0rootrac1 # vim /etc/seli nux/c onfigSELINUX=disabled關(guān)閉防火墻service iptables stopchkc onfig iptables off2.2配置網(wǎng)絡(luò)修改節(jié)點(diǎn)主機(jī)名為rac1 , rac2host name rac1host name rac2或修改 /etc/sysconfig/networkRAC1RAC2host文件，兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)都配置Vim /etc/hosts保存退出。配置完之后互相 ping看看是否連通。2.3配置CTSS服務(wù)、節(jié)點(diǎn) SSH等效CTSS需要把ntp服務(wù)停止和刪除配置文件及pid文件

10、service n tpd stopchkc onfig n tpd offrm -rf /etc/ ntpd.c onfrm -rf /var/ru n/n tpd.pid查看ctss服務(wù)資源crsctl check ctssSSH在grid安裝時(shí)會(huì)提供配置步驟，所以不需要手工配置。 ssh具體配置rac1 rac2mkdir /.sshchmod 700 /.sshssh-keyge n -t rsassh-keyge n -t dsaracl rac2cat /.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> /.ssh/authorized_keyscat /.ssh/id_dsa.p

11、ub >> /.ssh/authorized_keys測(cè)試SSHssh rac2ssh racl2.4配置Oracle軟件安裝用戶、組、環(huán)境變量、安裝目錄#組groupadd -g 1300 dbagroupadd -g 1301 opergroupadd -g 1000 oin stallgroupadd -g 1200 asmadm ingroupadd -g 1201 asmdbagroupadd -g 1202 asmoper#用戶useradd -m -u 1100 -g oin stall -G asmadm in ,asmdba,asmoper -s /bin/bas

12、h griduseradd -m -u 1101 -g oin stall -G dba,oper,asmdba -s /bin/bash oracle#用戶環(huán)境變量修改home下的.bash_profileORACLEexport ORACLE_SID=+ASM2 # RAC22.5配置系統(tǒng)文件配置oracle、grid用戶的shell限制vim /etc/security/limits.c onf添加grid soft n proc 2047grid hard nproc 16384grid soft nofile 1024grid hard nofile 65536oracle soft

13、 n proc 2047oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 65536修改/etc/pam.d/login 配置文件Vim /etc/pam.d/logi n添力廿 session required pam_limits.so修改內(nèi)核配置文件 /etc/sysctl.c onf2.6配置共享磁盤(pán)(在一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)執(zhí)行即可)查看分區(qū)ls /dev/sd*使用fdisk進(jìn)行分區(qū)，其他區(qū)按照自己的規(guī)劃劃分就可以了，例：fdisk /dev/sdbrootrac1 # fdisk /dev/sdbComma nd

14、(m for help): nComma nd acti one exte ndedp primary partiti on (1-4)PPartition number (1-4): 1First cylinder (1-1000, default 1):Using default value 1Last cylinder, +cylinders or +sizeK,M,G (1-1000, default 1000): +500MComma nd (m for help): nComma nd acti one exte ndedp primary partiti on (1-4)pPar

15、tition number (1-4): 2First cylinder (502-1000, default 502):Using default value 502Last cylinder, +cylinders or +sizeK,M,G (502-1000, default 1000):Using default value 1000Comma nd (m for help): wThe partition table has been altered!最后配置完后查看分區(qū)fidks -lrootrac1 # ls /dev/sd*/dev/sda /dev/sdal /dev/sd

16、a2 /dev/sdb /dev/sdbl /dev/sdc /dev/sdcl /dev/sdd /dev/sddl /dev/sdd2 /dev/sde /dev/sde1 /dev/sde2 /dev/sdf /dev/sdf12.7安裝Oracle grid 等需要的包3，配置ASM3.1查看操作系統(tǒng)內(nèi)核版本對(duì)應(yīng)下載un ame -a下載 oracleasm安裝yum -y in stall kmod-oracleasm.x86_643.2配置ASM磁盤(pán)在兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)上執(zhí)行rootrac1 oracle# /etc/i nit.d/oracleasm con figureCon figur

17、i ng the Oracle ASM library driver.This will con figure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library driver. The follow ing questi ons will determ ine whether the driver is loaded on boot and what permissi ons it will have.The curre nt valueswill be show n in brackets (''). Hitti ng <

18、ENTER> without typi ng an an swer will keep that curre nt value.Ctrl-C will abort.Default user to own the driver in terface : gridDefault group to own the driver in terface : asmdbaStart Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) n: yScan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) y:Writi ng Oracle ASM libr

19、ary driver con figurati on: doneIn itializi ng the Oracle ASMLib driver: OK Sca nning the system for Oracle ASMLib disks: OK rootrac1 oracle# /etc/i nit.d/oracleasm sca ndisksSca nning the system for Oracle ASMLib disks: OK rootrac1 # /etc/init.d/oracleasm listdisksVOL1VOL2VOL3VOL4VOL5V0L6V0L7注：如果沒(méi)有

20、查看到asm磁盤(pán)組需要查看之前的selinux是否有禁用。4，安裝 Oracle grid安裝前可以執(zhí)行 Oracle提供的檢查環(huán)境工具./ru ncluvfy.sh stage -pre crs inst -n rac1,rac2 -fixup -verbose4.1 在安裝目錄下執(zhí)行 ./ru nin staller，如果岀現(xiàn)安裝grid 提示 must be con figured to display at least 256colors Failed，就執(zhí)行如下root下先執(zhí)行#xhost +su - gridexport DISPLAY=:0.0注意在此建立 SSH等效。執(zhí)行set

21、up后點(diǎn)test測(cè)試。如果不成功就手工配置SSH再進(jìn)行測(cè)試。這個(gè)地方忘記截圖了，就是類似這個(gè)圖。定義磁盤(pán)組名字，這里我選擇normal冗余，需要選擇3個(gè)VOL這里是把OCR和votingdisk安裝在所選磁盤(pán)。后面還需要新建asm磁盤(pán)組來(lái)安裝其他數(shù)據(jù)文件。通過(guò)Oracle的系統(tǒng)環(huán)境檢查，安裝缺失的包和修改系統(tǒng)環(huán)境參數(shù)等。安裝65%的時(shí)候可能會(huì)岀現(xiàn)卡頓的情況，這個(gè)時(shí)候需要檢查防火墻和selinux是否關(guān)閉，詳細(xì)情況可以點(diǎn)擊detail查看安裝進(jìn)度，如岀現(xiàn)拷貝文件到RAC2節(jié)點(diǎn)的信息則正常。根據(jù)提示執(zhí)行 ora in stRoot.sh和root.sh腳本，先執(zhí)行 rac1后再執(zhí)行rac2。解決如下：在執(zhí)行root.sh時(shí)，在岀現(xiàn) Adding daemon to inittab時(shí)，需要不停地執(zhí)行命令：/bin/dd if=/var/tmp/.oracle/npohasd of=/dev/ null bs=1024 cou nt=1Adding daem on to in ittabroot.sh執(zhí)行完畢。在rac2節(jié)點(diǎn)執(zhí)行也需要此步驟。備注：在重啟節(jié)點(diǎn)后岀現(xiàn)Oracle has不能通信的情況1，rootrac1 # crsctl check crsCRS-4639: Could n