英美詩歌賞析結(jié)課作業(yè)

1、學(xué)號:141041219 姓名:潘琦An appreciation of sonnet18 by William ShakespeareShall I compare thee to a summer's day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate,Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer's lease hath all too short a date:Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is

2、his gold complexion dimmed,And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed:But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou gro

3、w'st,So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.This is one of the most famous of all the sonnets, justifiably so. But it would be a mistake to take it entirely in isolation, for it links in with so many of the other sonnets through the themes of

4、the descriptive power of verse; the ability of the poet to depict the fair youth adequately, or not; and the immortality conveyed through being hymned in these 'eternal lines'. It is noticeable that here the poet is full of confidence that his verse will live as long as there are people draw

5、ing breath upon the earth, whereas later he apologises for his poor wit and his humble lines which are inadequate to encompass all the youth's excellence. Now, perhaps in the early days of his love, there is no such self-doubt and the eternal summer of the youth is preserved forever in the poet&

6、#39;s lines. The poemalso works at a rather curious level of achieving its objective through dispraise. The summer's day is found to be lacking in so many respects (too short, too hot, too rough, sometimes too dingy, but curiously enough one is left with the abiding impression that 'the love

7、ly boy' is in fact like a summer'sday at its best, fair, warm, sunny, temperate, one of the darling buds of May, and that all his beauty has been wonderfully highlighted by the comparison。1.Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? This is taken usually to mean 'What if I were to compa

8、re thee etc?' The stock comparisons of the loved one to all the beauteous things in nature hover in the background throughout. One also remembers Wordsworth's lines: And summer days when we were young, Sweet childish days which were as long As twenty days are now. but with the recurrence of

9、words such as 'summer', 'days', 'song', 'sweet', it is not difficult to see the permeating influence of the Sonnets on Wordsworth's verse.2. Thou art more lovely and more temperate: The youth's beauty is more perfect than the beauty of a summer day. more tempe

10、rate - more gentle, more restrained, whereas the summer's day might have violent excesses in store, such as are about to be described3. Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, May was a summer month in Shakespeare's time, because the calendar in use lagged behind the true sidereal cale

11、ndar by at least a fortnight. darling buds of May - the beautiful, much loved buds of the early summer; favourite flowers.4. And summer's lease hath all too short a date. Legal terminology. The summer holds a lease on part of the year, but the lease is too short, and has an early termination (da

12、te.5. Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines.Sometime = on occasion, sometimes; the eye of heaven = the sun.6. And often is his gold complexion dimmed,. his gold complexion = his (the sun's golden face. It would be dimmed by clouds and on overcast days generally.7. And every fair from fair so

13、metime declines, All beautiful things (every fair occasionally become inferior in comparison with their essential previous state of beauty (from fair. They all decline from perfection.8. By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed: By chance accidents, or by the fluctuating tides of nature,

14、 which are not subject to control, nature's changingcourse untrimmed. The greater difficulty however is to decide which noun this adjectival participle should modify. Does it refer to nature, or chance, or every fair in the line above, or to the effect of nature's changing course? KDJ adds a

15、 comma after course, which probably has the effect of directing the word towards all possible antecedents. She points out that nature's changing course could refer to women's monthly courses, or menstruation, in which case every fair in the previous line would refer to every fair woman, with

16、 the implication that the youth is free of this cyclical curse, and is therefore more perfect.9.But thy eternal summer shall not fade.Referring forwards to the eternity promised by the ever living poet in the next few lines, through his verse.10. Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st.Nor s

17、hall it (your eternal summer lose its hold on that beauty which you so richly possess. ow'st = ownest, possess.we understand 'nor shall you lose any of your beauty.11. Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,.Several half echoes here. The biblical ones are probably 'Oh death

18、 where is thy sting? Or grave thy victory?' implying that death normally boasts of his conquests over life. And Psalms 23.3.: 'Yea though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death I will fear no evil ' In classical literature the shades flitted helplessly in the underworld like gibbering ghosts.12. When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st, in eternal lines = in the