英文版英語修辭手法終極大集合

1、英語修辭手法1 Simile：(明喻）It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic (特性in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as.as, as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other. For example,

2、As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country./ This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.2 Metaphor：(暗喻）It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. For example, the world

3、is a stage./ The diamond department was the heart and center of the store.3 Analogy: (類比）It is also a form of comparison, but unlike simile or metaphor which usually uses comparison on one point of resemblance, analogy draws a parallel between two unlike things that have several common qualities or

4、points of resemblance.4 Personification: (擬人）It gives human form of feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes(賦予 to inanimate(無生命的 objects, or to ideas and abstractions(抽象. For example, the wind whistled through the trees.5 Hyperbole: (夸張） It is the deliberate use of overstatement or exag

5、geration to achieve emphasis. For instance, he almost died laughing.6 Understatement: (含蓄陳述） It is the opposite of hyperbole, or overstatement. It achieves its effect of emphasizing a fact by deliberately(故意地 understating it, impressing the listener or the reader more by what is merely implied or le

6、ft unsaid than by bare statement. For instance, It is no laughing matter.7 Euphemism: (委婉）It is the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive(無冒犯 expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant. For instance, we refer to "die" as” pass away".8 Metonymy (轉(zhuǎn)喻） It is

7、a figure of speech that has to do with the substitution of the mane of one thing for that of another. For instance, the pen (words is mightier than the sword (forces. 借代（metonymy）是指兩種不同事物并不相似，但又密不可分，因而常用其中一種事物名稱代替另一種。1、Several years later, word came that Napoleonyh himself was coming to inspect them

8、.幾年以后，他們聽說拿破侖要親自來視察他們。“word”在這里代替了“news, information”（消息、信息）2、Al spoke with his eyes,“yes”.艾爾用眼睛說，“是的”。“說”應(yīng)該是嘴的功能，這里實際上是用眼神表達(dá)了“說話的意思”。9 Synecdoche (提喻） It is involves the substitution of the part for the whole, or the whole for the part. For instance, they say there's bread and work for all. She

9、 was dressed in silks.10 Antonomasia (換喻）It has also to do with substitution. It is not often mentioned now, though it is still in frequent use. For example, Solomon for a wise man. Daniel for a wise and fair judge. Judas for a traitor.11 Pun: (雙關(guān)語） It is a play on words, or rather a play on the for

10、m and meaning of words. For instance, a cannon-ball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms. (Here "arms" has two meanings: a person's body; weapons carried by a soldier./ Napoleon was astonished.”Either you are mad, or I am,”he declared. “Both，sir!”cried the Swede proudly. “Both”一

11、詞一語雙關(guān)，既指拿破侖和這位士兵都是瘋子，又指這位戰(zhàn)士參加過拿破侖指揮的兩次戰(zhàn)役12 Syllepsis: (一語雙敘） It has two connotations.In the first case, it is a figure by which a word, or a particular form or inflection of a word, refers to two or more words in the same sentence, while properly applying to or agreeing with only on of them in gramm

12、ar or syntax(句法. For example, He addressed you and me, and desired us to follow him. (Here us is used to refer to you and me.In the second case, it a word may refer to two or more words in the same sentence. For example, while he was fighting , and losing limb and mind, and dying, others stayed behi

13、nd to pursue education and career. (Here to losing one's limbs in literal; to lose one's mind is figurative, and means to go mad.13 Zeugma: (軛式搭配） It is a single word which is made to modify or to govern two or more words in the same sentence, wither properly applying in sense to only one of

14、 them, or applying to them in different senses. For example, The sun shall not burn you by day, nor the moon by night. (Here noon is not strong enough to burn14 Irony: (反語） It is a figure of speech that achieves emphasis by saying the opposite of what is meant, the intended meaning of the words bein

15、g the opposite of their usual sense. For instance, we are lucky, what you said makes me feel real good.15 Innuendo: (暗諷） It is a mild form of irony, hinting in a rather roundabout (曲折way at something disparaging(不一致 or uncomplimentary(不贊美 to the person or subject mentioned. For example, the weatherm

16、an said it would be worm. He must take his readings in a bathroom.16 Sarcasm: (諷刺） It Sarcasm is a strong form of irony. It attacks in a taunting and bitter manner, and its aim is to disparage, ridicule and wound the feelings of the subject attacked. For example, laws are like cobwebs, which may cat

17、ch small flies, but let wasps break through.17 Paradox: (似非而是的雋語） It is a figure of speech consisting of a statement or proposition which on the face of it seems self-contradictory, absurd or contrary to established fact or practice, but which on further thinking and study may prove to be true, well

18、-founded, and even to contain a succinct point. For example more haste, less speed.18 Oxymoron: (矛盾修飾） It is a compressed paradox, formed by the conjoining(結(jié)合 of two contrasting, contradictory or incongruous(不協(xié)調(diào) terms as in bitter-sweet memories, orderly chaos(混亂 and proud humility(侮辱.19 Antithesis:

19、 (對照） It is the deliberate arrangement of contrasting words or ideas in balanced structural forms to achieve emphasis. For example, speech is silver; silence is golden.20 Epigram: (警句） It states a simple truth pithily(有利地 and pungently(強烈地. It is usually terse and arouses interest and surprise by it

20、s deep insight into certain aspects of human behavior or feeling. For instance, Few, save the poor, feel for the poor.21 Climax: (漸進） It is derived from the Greek word for "ladder" and implies the progression of thought at a uniform or almost uniform rate of significance or intensity, like

21、 the steps of a ladder ascending evenly. For example, I came, I saw, I conquered.22 Anti-climax or bathos: (突降）It is the opposite of Climax. It involves stating one's thoughts in a descending order of significance or intensity, from strong to weak, from weighty to light or frivolous. For instanc

22、e, But thousands die, without or this or that, die, and endow(賦予 a college, or a cat.23 Apostrophe： (頓呼） In this figure of speech, a thing, place, idea or person (dead or absent is addressed as if present, listening and understanding what is being said. For instance, England! awake! awake! awake!24

23、Transferred Epithet: (轉(zhuǎn)類形容詞） It is a figure of speech where an epithet (an adjective or descriptive phrase is transferred from the noun it should rightly modify(修飾 to another to which it does not really apply or belong. For instance, I spent sleepless nights on my project.25 Alliteration: (頭韻） It has to do with the sound rather than the sense of words for effect. It is a device that repeats the same sound at frequent intervals(間隔 and since