學(xué)校和教育相關(guān)英文詞匯

1、學(xué)校和教育相關(guān)英文詞匯教育(education)獲取知識(shí) acquire knowledge高等教育 higher education遠(yuǎn)程教育 tele-education素質(zhì)教育 quality-oriented education知識(shí)的來源 source of knowledge課外活動(dòng) extracurricular學(xué)費(fèi) tuition獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金 scholarship，grant教學(xué)大綱 syllabus學(xué)前教育 preschool education男女同校 co-education穿校服 school uniform參加入學(xué)考試 take an entrance examination

2、教育工作者 teaching staff導(dǎo)師 tutor( advise)傳授知識(shí) impart knowledge提高教學(xué)效果 improve teachers performance培養(yǎng)能力 foster ones capability塑造性格 shape(mold) childrens characters培養(yǎng)孩子的協(xié)作精神 foster children使天生的想象力得到訓(xùn)練 have ones? innate powers of imagination trained有助于個(gè)性的發(fā)展 facilitate the development of individuality在較好的環(huán)境中

3、長(zhǎng)大 grow up under more favorable circumstances接受必要的教育 receive adequate education受過良好教育 well -educated適應(yīng)性強(qiáng) well-adapted取長(zhǎng)補(bǔ)短 learn from each other s strengths to offset their own weaknesses智商IQ (intelligence quotient)充分發(fā)揮 bring into full play have a wide range of skills發(fā)揮創(chuàng)造潛能 use ones creative potentia

4、l;? add to our knowledge about設(shè)施齊全 (kindergarten)well-equipped facilities上課 attend class學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī) academic performance平均分 average score從事兼職工作 take part-time job體罰 corporal punishment差生 inferior students把孩子看扁 condemn a child過度寵愛 excessive permissiveness為負(fù)責(zé) be held responsible for承擔(dān)義務(wù) assume the obligation

5、 a sense of responsibility( obligation)推卸責(zé)任 pass the buck(to)， shirk ones obligations父母子女關(guān)系 parent-child relationship報(bào)答父母 repay ones parents人才 talented person精英 elite本科生 undergraduate畢業(yè)生 graduate研究生 postgraduate博士 doctor博士學(xué)位 doctorate博士后 postdoctoral證書 diploma，credential學(xué)校、院校等教育機(jī)構(gòu)英文詞匯小學(xué)：primary/elem

6、entary school中學(xué)：middle/high school初中：junior high school高中：senior high school大專：college大學(xué)：university小學(xué)校長(zhǎng)：Headmaster中學(xué)校長(zhǎng)：Principal大學(xué)代理校長(zhǎng)：Acting President大學(xué)副校長(zhǎng)：Vice President大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)：President大學(xué)名譽(yù)校長(zhǎng)：Chancellor義務(wù)教育：compulsory education學(xué)前教育：preschool education特殊教育：special education高等教育：higher education/terti

7、ary education教育常用用詞 基本框架 basic framework 辦學(xué)效益 efficiency in school management 協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展 coordinated and balanced program of development 教育投入 input in education 優(yōu)化教師隊(duì)伍 optimize the teaching staff 實(shí)行分區(qū)規(guī)劃 practice regional planning 社會(huì)參與 communal participation 新增勞動(dòng)力 incoming labor force 職前教育 pre-service educ

8、ation 崗位培訓(xùn) undergo job-specific training 提高.的思想品德 enhance the moral awareness of . 職業(yè)道德 professional ethics 重點(diǎn)學(xué)科 key disciplinary areas or priority fields of study （大學(xué)）?？?Major Types of Education in China short 2- to 3- year higher education programs 掃盲班 literacy class 注冊(cè)人數(shù) enrollment 年齡段（層）age brac

9、ket 反復(fù)灌輸 inculcate 希望工程 Project Hope 學(xué)齡兒童 school-ager 人才枯竭 exhaustion of human resources 輟/失學(xué)青少年 school dropout/leaver 基金會(huì) foundation 服務(wù)性行業(yè) service trade 在職培訓(xùn) on-the-job/in-service training 國(guó)際勞工組織 International Labor Organization 基礎(chǔ)科學(xué) the fundamentals 學(xué)分制 the credit system 三學(xué)期制 the trimester system

10、雙學(xué)士制 a double BA degree system 主副修制 a system of a major field of specialization plus a minor field 教學(xué)、科研、生產(chǎn)的三結(jié)合 3-in-1 combination involving teaching, research, and production 三結(jié)合聯(lián)合體 tripartite complex 定向招生 students are admitted to be trained for pre-determined employers 包分配 guarantee job assignment

11、s 燎原計(jì)劃 the Prairie Fire Program 示范試點(diǎn) demonstration pilot project 結(jié)合、使加入 incorporate 動(dòng)員 mobilize 稅收 tax revenue 多學(xué)科的 multi-disciplinary 重點(diǎn)大學(xué) key university 授予（學(xué)士）confer 被授權(quán) be authorized to do 博士后科研流動(dòng)站 center for post-doctoral studies 專業(yè) speciality 愛國(guó)人士 patriotic personage 國(guó)家發(fā)明獎(jiǎng) National Invention Pr

12、ize 國(guó)家自然科學(xué)獎(jiǎng) National Prize for Natural Sciences 國(guó)家科技進(jìn)步獎(jiǎng) National Prize for Progress in Science and Technology 學(xué)術(shù)報(bào)告會(huì)，專題討論會(huì) symposium 記者招待會(huì) press conference 國(guó)家教委主任 Chairman of the State Education Commission 國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局 the State Statistical Bureau 國(guó)家教育經(jīng)費(fèi) national expenditure on education 財(cái)政撥款 financial allo

13、cation 半文盲 semiliterate; functional illiterate 占百分比 account for .% 專任教師 full-time teacher 資料中心 data center 國(guó)際文化交流 intercultural communication 教育方針 guideline(s)/guiding principle(s) for education 教育必須為社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化服務(wù)，必須同生產(chǎn)勞動(dòng)相結(jié)合，培養(yǎng)德智體全面發(fā)展的建設(shè)者和接班人。 Education must serve the needs of socialist modernization, b

14、e integrated with productive labor, and train builders and successors who are well developed morally, intellectual and physically. 適應(yīng)社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)需要，面向二十一世紀(jì)，具有中國(guó)特色的社會(huì)主義教育體系。 a socialist education system with distinct Chinese characteristics that meets the needs of socialist modernization and is oriented

15、 to the 21st century 堅(jiān)持社會(huì)主義方向 to keep to the socialist orientation 身體好，學(xué)習(xí)好，工作好。Keep fit, study hard and work well. 德才兼?zhèn)?to combine ability with character; equal stress on integrity and ability 成為有理想，有道德，有文化，守紀(jì)律的勞動(dòng)者 to become working people with lofty ideals, moral integrity, education and a sense of

16、 discipline 教育要面向現(xiàn)代化，面向世界，面向未來 Gear education to the needs of modernization, the world and the future 愛國(guó)主義教育 education in patriotism 國(guó)際主義教育 education in internationalism 集體主義教育 education in collectivism 共產(chǎn)主義教育 education in communism 共產(chǎn)主義道德品質(zhì) communist ethics 政治思想教育 political and ideological educatio

17、n 五愛（愛祖國(guó)、愛人民、愛勞動(dòng)、愛科學(xué)、愛護(hù)公物） Five Love: love the motherland, the people, labor, and science and take good care of public property. 教書育人 to educate the person as well as impart book knowledge 培養(yǎng)獨(dú)立分析問題和解決問題的能力 to cultivate the ability to analyze and solve concrete problems independently 啟發(fā)學(xué)生獨(dú)立思考的能力 to h

18、elp develop the ability of the students to think things out for themselves 培養(yǎng)學(xué)生自學(xué)能力 to foster the students ability to study on their own 發(fā)揮學(xué)生主動(dòng)性、創(chuàng)造性 to give scope to the students initiative and creativeness 自學(xué)成才 to become educated through independent study 啟發(fā)式 elicitation method (of teaching); heuri

19、stic method 填鴨式教學(xué)法 cramming/forced-feeding method of teaching 普及教育 universal education 義務(wù)教育 compulsory education; free education 學(xué)前教育 preschool education 初等教育 elementary education 中等教育 secondary education 高等教育 higher/tertiary education 普遍教育 general education 成人教育 adult education 職業(yè)技術(shù)教育 vocational an

20、d technical education 國(guó)家教育委員會(huì) State Education Commission 高等學(xué)校 institution of higher education 綜合性大學(xué) comprehensive university 文科大學(xué) university of liberal arts 文科院校 colleges of art 理工科大學(xué) college/university of science and engineering 師范大學(xué) normal university; teachers university 師范學(xué)院 teachers college 工業(yè)大學(xué)

21、 polytechnic university 工業(yè)學(xué)院 engineering institute 農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué) agricultural university 農(nóng)學(xué)院 agricultural college 醫(yī)科大學(xué) medical university 醫(yī)學(xué)院 medical college/school 中醫(yī)院 institute of traditional Chinese medicine 音樂學(xué)院 conservatory of music 美術(shù)學(xué)院 academy of fine arts 體育學(xué)院 physical culture institute 分校 branch sch

22、ool 重點(diǎn)學(xué)校 key school 業(yè)余學(xué)校 spare-time school 業(yè)余職工大學(xué) spare-time college for staff and workers 電視廣播大學(xué) television and radio broadcasting university 函授學(xué)院 correspondence school 教師進(jìn)修學(xué)校 teachers college for vocational studies 成人夜校 night school for adults 業(yè)余藝術(shù)/體育學(xué)校 amateur arts/athletic school 半工半讀學(xué)校 part-wor

23、k and part-study school 中等專業(yè)學(xué)校 secondary specialized school; polytechnic school 中等技術(shù)學(xué)校 secondary technical school; technical secondary school 職業(yè)學(xué)校 vocational school 附中 attached middle school 在職進(jìn)修班 in-service training course 進(jìn)修班 class for advanced studies 短訓(xùn)班 short-term training course 專修科 special (t

24、raining) course 自學(xué)考試 self-taught examination 教職員 teaching and administrative staff 教學(xué)人員 the faculty; teaching staff 中、小學(xué)校長(zhǎng)headmaster/headmistress; principal 大專院校校長(zhǎng) president; chancellor 教務(wù)長(zhǎng) dean of studies （系）主任 chairman; chairperson 副主任 vice-chairman 教授 professor 副教授 associate professor 客座教授 visiti

25、ng professor; guest professor 講師 lecturer 助教 assistant 專職教師 full-time teacher 兼職教師 part-time teacher 輔導(dǎo)員 assistant for political and ideological work 教研室/組 teaching and research section/group 教學(xué)組 teaching group 教員休息室 staff room; common room 母校 Alma Mater 校友 alumnus; alumna 學(xué)生會(huì) students union/associa

26、tion 高年級(jí)學(xué)生 upper/higher grade pupil/student; pupil/student in senior grades 低年級(jí)學(xué)生 lower grade pupil/student; pupil/student in junior grades 走讀生 day student; non-resident student 住宿生 boarder 旁聽生 auditor 研究生 graduate student; post-graduate (student) 應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生 graduating student/pupil; this years graduates

27、 聽課 to visit a class; to sit in on a class; to attend a lecture 公開課 open class 課程 course; curriculum 必修課 required/compulsory course 選修課 elective/optional course 基礎(chǔ)課 basic course 專業(yè)課 specialized course 課程表 school timetable 課外活動(dòng) extracurricular activities 課外輔導(dǎo) instruction after class 課外閱讀 outside read

28、ing 課堂討論 class discussion （大學(xué)的）研究小組；討論會(huì) seminar 教學(xué)大綱 teaching program; syllabus 教學(xué)內(nèi)容 content of courses 學(xué)習(xí)年限 period of schooling 學(xué)歷 record of formal schooling 學(xué)年 school/academic year 學(xué)期 (school)term; semester 學(xué)分 credit 分?jǐn)?shù) mark; grade 五分制 the 5-grade marking system 百分制 100-mark system 學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī) academic r

29、ecord; school record 成績(jī)單 school report; report card; transcript 畢業(yè)論文 thesis; dissertation 畢業(yè)實(shí)習(xí) graduation field work 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) graduation ceremony 畢業(yè)典禮 graduation ceremony; commencement 畢業(yè)證書 diploma; graduation certificate 畢業(yè)鑒定 graduation appraisal 授予某人學(xué)位 to confer a degree on sb. 升級(jí) to be promoted to a

30、higher grade 留級(jí) to repeat the years work; to stay down 補(bǔ)考 make-up examination 升學(xué)t o go to a school of a higher grade; to enter a higher school 升學(xué)率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade 獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金 scholarship （國(guó)家）助學(xué)金 (state)stipend/subsidy 領(lǐng)取助學(xué)金的學(xué)生 a grant-aided student 學(xué)費(fèi) tuition (fee)

31、伙食費(fèi) board expenses 伙食補(bǔ)助 food allowance托兒所 nursery/creche 幼兒園 kindergarten 小學(xué) primary(elementary)school 中學(xué) middle(secondary)school 初中 junior middle school 高中 senior middle school 職業(yè)中學(xué) vocational middle school 實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué) experimental middle school 附屬中學(xué) attached middle school 農(nóng)業(yè)中學(xué) agricultural middle school

32、（職工）子弟學(xué)校 school for children of workers staff members 業(yè)余學(xué)校 spare-time school 電視大學(xué) television(T.V.)university 職工大學(xué) college for workers . Staff members 文科大學(xué) university of liberal arts 理科大學(xué) university of science 函授大學(xué) correspondence college 中等專科學(xué)校 secondary technical school 技工學(xué)校 school of technology 聾啞學(xué)

33、校 school of deaf-mutes 盲人學(xué)校 school for the blind/blidmens school 成人學(xué)校 adult school 民辦學(xué)校 voluntary school 補(bǔ)習(xí)學(xué)校 continuation school 夜校 evening (night) school 職業(yè)學(xué)校 vocational school 外語(yǔ)學(xué)校 foreign languages school 衛(wèi)生學(xué)校 health school 商業(yè)學(xué)校 commercial school 師范學(xué)校 school for kindergarten teachers 護(hù)士學(xué)校 nurses

34、 school 藝術(shù)學(xué)校 art school 舞蹈學(xué)校 dancing school 會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)校 accountant school 財(cái)貿(mào)學(xué)校 finance and trade school 水利學(xué)校 water conservancy school 電力學(xué)校 electric power school 化工學(xué)校 chemical engineering school 郵電學(xué)校 posts .telecommunications school 電機(jī)制造學(xué)校 electrical machinery school 冶金機(jī)械學(xué)校 metallurgical machinery school 鐵路

35、技術(shù)學(xué)校 railway engineering school 石油地質(zhì)學(xué)校 petroleum geological school 建筑工程學(xué)校 building engineering school 水產(chǎn)技術(shù)學(xué)校 marine products technical school 漁業(yè)航海學(xué)校 fishery and navigation school 紡織航海學(xué)校 textile machinery school 鐵路機(jī)械學(xué)校 railway machinery school 學(xué)校、院校等教育機(jī)構(gòu)英文詞匯小學(xué)：primary/elementary school中學(xué)：middle/high

36、school初中：junior high school高中：senior high school大專：college大學(xué)：university小學(xué)校長(zhǎng)：Headmaster中學(xué)校長(zhǎng)：Principal大學(xué)代理校長(zhǎng)：Acting President大學(xué)副校長(zhǎng)：Vice President大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)：President大學(xué)名譽(yù)校長(zhǎng)：Chancellor義務(wù)教育：compulsory education學(xué)前教育：preschool education特殊教育：special education高等教育：higher education/tertiary education教育目標(biāo)主要英文詞匯素質(zhì)教育：

37、quality-oriented education/education designed to raise to overall quality of students陶冶情操：cultivate ones taste and temperament五講四美三熱愛：the movement of five stresses, four points of beauty and three loves以人為本：people oriented/foremost有理想、有道德、有文化、有紀(jì)律：with lofty ideals, integrity, knowledge and a strong

38、sense of discipline德才兼?zhèn)洌簍o combine ability with character; equal stress on integrity and ability教育課程、教育方式英語(yǔ)詞匯公開棵：open class課程：course; curriculum必修課：required/compulsory course選修課：optional/elective course基礎(chǔ)課：basic course專業(yè)課：specialized course課程表：school timetable課外活動(dòng)：extracurricular activities課外輔導(dǎo)：inst

39、ruction after class課外閱讀：outside reading課堂討論：class discussion大學(xué)的研究小組、討論會(huì)：seminar教學(xué)大綱：teaching program; syllabus教學(xué)內(nèi)容：content of courses畢業(yè)典禮：graduation ceremony; commencement畢業(yè)鑒定：graduation appraisal畢業(yè)論文：thesis; dissertation畢業(yè)生：graduate畢業(yè)實(shí)習(xí)：graduation field work畢業(yè)證書：diploma; graduation certificate網(wǎng)上教學(xué)：

40、online teaching/education函授課程：correspondence course人才類英語(yǔ)口譯詞匯人才高地：talent highland人才交流：talent exchange人才流失：brain drain人才戰(zhàn)：competition for talented people雙向選擇：tow-way selection有識(shí)之士：people of vision職業(yè)培訓(xùn)：job training智力引進(jìn)：recruit/introduce talents智力支持：intellectual support智囊團(tuán)：brain trust/think tank專門人才：pro

41、fessional personnel人為環(huán)境 artificial environment 三段教學(xué)法 three formal lesson-steps; three formal steps 口述作文 oral composition 口授 oral instruction; oral teaching; verbal instruction 口算 oral arithmetic 口語(yǔ)表達(dá) oral expression 口頭報(bào)告法 oral report method 小學(xué)學(xué)科 primary subject 工作單元 unit of work; work unit 中文點(diǎn)字法 Chi

42、nese Braille method 五段教學(xué)法 five formal lesson-steps; five formal steps 分析教學(xué) analytic instruction 分科教學(xué) departmental teaching 分級(jí)；分班 class grouping 分組制 group system 分組教學(xué) group instruction 分組實(shí)驗(yàn)法 brigade-laboratory method 少年文學(xué) juvenile literature 幻燈片 lantern slide 心算 mental arithmetic 戶外作業(yè) out-door study;

43、 out-door work 戶外運(yùn)動(dòng) out-door sport 手工訓(xùn)練 manual training 手工教室 manual-training room 手語(yǔ)法 sign language 手語(yǔ)術(shù) chirology; dactylogy 文化學(xué)科 culture subject 文學(xué)科目 literary course 方案課程 project curriculum 日志法 diary method日課表 daily program; daily schedule; programme; time schedule 主科 major subject 主學(xué)習(xí) primary lear

44、ning 出席 attendance 出席簿 attendance book 可教性 educability 必修學(xué)科 required subject 本土知識(shí) native knowledge 正反例證法 method of positive and negative cases 正式學(xué)科 formal subject 正誤例證法 method of right and wrong cases 示范 demonstration 示范法 demonstration method; method of demonstration 示范教學(xué) demonstration teaching 再教育

45、re-education 再發(fā)現(xiàn)法 method of rediscovery 同心圓方法 concentric circle method 同時(shí)教學(xué)法 simultaneous method 同時(shí)學(xué)習(xí) simultaneous learning 同儕教練 peer-coaching 年級(jí)分組制 grade group plan 成績(jī)進(jìn)步表 grade-progress table 自由游戲 free play 自行活動(dòng)教學(xué)法 method of self-activity 自我向?qū)?self-direction 自修 self-culture 自習(xí) self-study 自然科學(xué)通論 Gen

46、eral science 自然發(fā)音法 phonetic method 作業(yè)指定 assignment; lesson assignment 作業(yè)單 assignment sheet 兒童中心教育 child-centered education兒童畫 childrens drawing 玩具 plaything; toy 盲人用凸體文字 raised type for the blind 直接訓(xùn)練 direct discipline 直接教學(xué)法 direct method of teaching 直觀法 intuitive method 直觀教學(xué) intuitional instruction

47、 知識(shí)科目；資訊學(xué)科 information subject 社會(huì)化教學(xué) Socialized teaching 初級(jí)讀本 primer 附學(xué)習(xí) accretion learning; concomitant learning 持續(xù)的課程 constant in curricula; curricula-constant 指定科目 prescribed course 指定讀物 required reading 指算 Finger manipulation 指語(yǔ) Finger speech; Finger language 指語(yǔ)字母 Finger alphabet 指導(dǎo)的游戲 directed

48、play 指導(dǎo)的學(xué)習(xí) directed learning; directed study 指導(dǎo)練習(xí) coaching 指讀法 Finger reading 是非法 right-wrong method; true-false method; yes-no method 活動(dòng)；作業(yè) activity 活動(dòng)分析 activity analysis 活動(dòng)電影 kinematography 活動(dòng)課程 activity curriculum 活動(dòng)學(xué)校 activity school 相互教學(xué)制 mutual system 研究學(xué)程；研究科目；專題研究科目 seminar course 科目 course

49、 科目；學(xué)科 subject 背誦法 method of recitation 胎教 antenatal training 乘法表 multiplication table 個(gè)別教育 individual education 個(gè)別教學(xué) individual instruction; individual teaching 個(gè)別閱讀 individual reading 個(gè)案研究法 case study method 家庭作業(yè) home work 家庭課業(yè) home lesson 恩物 Gift 時(shí)事教學(xué) current events instruction 朗誦 oral reading 案例

50、分組法 case-group method案例法 case history method; case method; case study method 案例教學(xué)法 case method of instruction 特殊教育 special education 特殊教學(xué)法 special didactics 班級(jí)教學(xué) class teaching 班級(jí)經(jīng)營(yíng) class management; classroom management 記誦 memorization 記憶訓(xùn)練 memory training 記憶術(shù) memory system; mnemonic system; mnemon

51、ics 討論法 method of discussion 訓(xùn)育學(xué) didactics 做中學(xué) learning by doing 副學(xué)習(xí) associate learning 參考書 reference book 問題法 problem method 國(guó)定教科書 national textbook 基本科目；基本學(xué)科 fundamental subject 基本英語(yǔ) basic English 基本學(xué)習(xí) basic studies 基礎(chǔ)課程英語(yǔ)反復(fù)練習(xí) basal course 基礎(chǔ)讀物 foundation reader 專業(yè)訓(xùn)練 professional training 專業(yè)課程 pro

52、fessional curriculum 強(qiáng)記 hypermnesia 從生活中學(xué)習(xí) learning through living 從經(jīng)驗(yàn)中學(xué)習(xí) learning by experience 推廣科目 extension course 教材 material of instruction; matter for teaching; subject matter; subject-matter 教材選擇 selection of subject matter 教育電影 educational cinema 教室討論 class discussion 教室參觀 class visitation

53、教室課表 room schedule 教科書 school book; text-book; textbook 教案 lesson plan 教學(xué)日志 diary for instruction 教學(xué)法 method of instruction; method of teaching; teaching method 教學(xué)科目 course of instruction 教學(xué)效能 teaching efficiency 教學(xué)專業(yè) profession of teaching 教學(xué)單元 method-whole of teaching; teaching unit 教學(xué)模式 model of

54、teaching 啟發(fā)式教學(xué) developmental mode of teaching; heuristic mode of teaching 略讀 rough reading; skimming readingculture 文化primary education 初等教育secondary education 中等教育higher education 高等教育the three Rs 讀、寫、算school year 學(xué)年term, trimester 學(xué)季semester 學(xué)期school day 教學(xué)日school holidays 假期curriculum 課程subject 學(xué)科discipline 紀(jì)律timetable 課程表class, lesson 課homework 家庭作業(yè)exercise 練習(xí)dictation 聽寫spelling mistake 拼寫錯(cuò)誤(short) course 短訓(xùn)班seminar 研討班playtime, break 課間，休息to play truant, to play hooky 逃學(xué)，曠課course (of study