選修8Unit1-2知識點學案

1、Module 8 Unit 1 & Unit 2designer:zhaoshaozhenzhaojing checher: xialinlin一、09考情預報：1、考情研究：近五年來，高考對本部分考查的知識點有：majority, means, occur, forbid, differ, make up, in addiction, take in, in favor of等。2、命題前沿：預計2009高考命題react, indicate, resist, object, undertake, accumulate, pay off是重要的命題點.另外,forbid盡管高考已考查

2、過,forbid doing sth.結(jié)構仍將是考查的重點。虛擬語氣是山東省命題的考點之一，因此，2009年高考也應引起重視，特別是虛擬語氣的一般規(guī)律。二、單詞拼寫 根據(jù)讀音、詞性和詞義寫出下列單詞。1 _ n. 手段，方法 2. _adj. 顯然的，表面的 3. _ vt. 混合，攪拌 4. _ vi. 出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生 5. _ adj. 中心的，中央的6. _ vi. 反應，回應7. _ n. 移民8. _ vt. 指示，表明9. _ vt. 插入，嵌入10. _ v. 交換 11. _ vt.承擔，從事 12. _n.突破 13. _ adj.任意的 14._ vi.反對，不贊成 15._

3、n.抵抗，對抗 16._ vt.禁止；不許17. _v.集聚；堆積18._ n.假設，設想19._ adv.僅僅，只，不過20. _ adv.大聲地，出聲地 三、詞組互譯 將下列詞組或短語譯成中文或英語。 1. _習慣于新的生活方式，謀生2. _吸收，收容3. _與合作或一起工作 4. _用的辦法，借助5. _某人想到6. in addition to _7. mark out _8. mix A with B _9. insert A into B _10. keep up _11. _ 使沮喪 12. _ to 反對 13. in _ of 贊成 14. be _ to do注定要 15.

4、 pay _ 還清，得到回報 16. _ 回顧 17. _ 復活 18.differ_sb./sth._sth.在某方面與不同 19. have a great impact on _20. make a great breakthrough _21. get through _22. be caution _ 對小心23. from time to time _24. be appropriate _ 適宜于四、核心單詞1. occur (occurred, occurred) vi.發(fā)生(happen)，出現(xiàn)(exist, be found)，被想起提醒：是不及物動詞，不能帶賓語，不能用于

5、被動語態(tài)。拓展: 寫出適當?shù)脑~或用適當?shù)脑~填空。(1)sth occurs _sb 某事被某人想起(come into ones mind)(2)it occurs to sb_ 某人想起(3)it occurs to sb _ do sth 某人想起做某事運用：用occur翻譯下列句子(1)這一地區(qū)經(jīng)常發(fā)生地震。_ frequently in this area.(2)這種植物不能在這里生存。Such plants dont_. (3)他突然想出了一個辦法。Suddenly _ him.(4)我想到要去看看我的老師。_to visit my teacher. (5)我就要離開時，我想起來忘了

6、帶鑰匙。Just as I was leaving the house, _I had forgotten my keys.2. mix vt.& vi. 混合，摻和，調(diào)和；混淆，搞混 n. 混合，混亂She mixed the butter and sugar together. 她把奶酪和糖混在一起。The teacher always mixes me up with another student. 老師總是把我與另一位學生搞混。It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great.

7、人們認為過不了多久，多種國籍的混合將會非常之大。搭配 mixwith把和混合mix up 混淆，弄亂，攪拌，拌和運用 根據(jù)中文提示完成下列句子。(1)他以將中國傳統(tǒng)音樂與西方的演奏形式和樂器相結(jié)合而著稱。He is famous for_ Chinese musical tradi-tions _western forms and instrumentation. (2)許老師把我的成績和別人的搞混了。Miss Xu _ my results with someone elses. 聯(lián)想：mixture 混合物，混合狀態(tài)3. indicate vt. 表示，指出，明示；顯示跡象He indic

8、ated the need of practice.他指出了運用的必要性。The small red spots indicate measles.這些小紅斑是麻疹的病癥。辨析：indicate & show show在口語和筆語中都比indicate 常用得多。因為show的語義比較廣泛，在非正式場合比indicate更常用。拓展：indication n. 跡象indicative adj. 表明的，象征的4. insert vt. 將插入，寫入搭配 insert sth. in / into sth. 將插入Please insert a coin in / into the h

9、ole.運用 根據(jù)中文提示完成下列句子。應該在這個句子中插入一個詞。A word_ should be inserted into the sentence5. differ vi. 相異，有差別搭配：用適當?shù)脑~(主要是介詞)填空。(1)differ (greatly/entirely)_和(大不/完全)不同(2)differ _ 就方面意見不同(3)differ _ sb. 與某人意見不同(4)agree_ differ 求同存異聯(lián)想：指出下列詞組的漢語意思。(1)be quite different from _(2)be much the same as_(3)be similar to

10、 _(4)make a difference _運用：用相關短語翻譯下列句子。(1) 漢語和英語在發(fā)音上大不相同。Chinese_ English in pronunciation.(2) 他的看法和我的完全不同。His opinion_.(3) 我認為這臺電腦不會起多大作用。I dont think this computer will 6. undertake ( undertook, undertook ) Vt. 從事，著手；答應，同意The lawyer undertook the case without a fee. 這位律師免費承擔了這個案件。He undertook to b

11、e here at 10:00.他答應十點鐘到這里。搭配:undertake to do sth.許諾做某事，同意做某事運用：翻譯(1)他們已著手開創(chuàng)一番大事業(yè)。_.(2)他保證6個月內(nèi)還錢。_.7. forbid v.(forbade/forbad, forbidden)禁止，不許搭配:理解并熟記下列搭配。forbid sb sth 阻止某人某事forbid (doing) sth 禁止(做)某事forbid sb to do sth 禁止某人做某事運用：完成下面句子。(1) No one can forbid _. 沒有人能阻止我們走向未來。(2) I forbid _. 我不允許你進此房

12、。(3) We forbid _. 公園里禁止吸煙。(4) I _ anyone我不許你告訴任何人。(5) We forbid _(take) pictures here.我們這里禁止拍照。=_(take) pictures here is strictly forbidden.(6) Her parents forbid her _(go) to net barsShe is forbidden _(go) to net bars by her parents.溫馨提示：forbid要用動名詞，不可以用不定式作賓語， 但在復合結(jié)構中，賓補要用不定式。有類似用法的動詞還有advise, all

13、ow, admit, encourage和permit等。We dont allow throwing waste in the campus. 我們不允許在校園里丟垃圾。We dont allow students to throw waste in the campus.我們不允許學生在校園里丟垃圾。8. bother vt.打擾，麻煩，困擾；n.煩惱，焦急U；令人煩惱的人或事物CDidnt they bother you? 他們沒有煩擾你吧？Did you have much bother finding the houses? 你找到這所房子費勁嗎？What a bother! Wev

14、e missed the bus. 真惱人！我們誤了公共汽車。辨析：bother & trouble bother 主要指使人麻煩；trouble 意思更進一層，指使人苦惱。運用：完成下列句子。(1)他老是打電話給我，使我厭煩得很。His phoning me all the time_.(2)什么事令你憂慮不安-經(jīng)濟問題嗎？Whats_-money problems? 9.resist vt. 抵制，反抗，忍住(誘惑等)Regular exercise can increase our power to resist disease.定期運動能提高我們的抗病能力。I couldnt

15、resist telling him the truth. 我禁不住告訴他那個秘密。搭配:理解并熟記下列搭配。resist sth./sb.抵抗 resist an attack resist doing sth. 忍住resist laughing 拓展：resistance n. 抵抗，反抗， resistant adj. 抵抗的，反抗的 resistless adj. 不可抵抗的，不反抗的五、重要詞組1. take in 包括,構成; 理解,明白; 欺騙,誘騙; 收留The British Empire used to take in a quarter of the world. 大英

16、帝國曾囊括了全世界的四分之三。She was taken in by the man and gave him most of her money.她上了那個男人的當,把大部分錢給了他。拓展：填入一個適當?shù)脑~。 (1)take _拿走,取走 (2)take _拿回,收回(3)take _當心,小心 (4)take _拿下,記下(5)take _脫下, 起飛(6)take _承擔,呈現(xiàn) (7)take _接手,接管(8)take _取出,拿出 (9)take _占去,占據(jù)(10)take _ 把當作 運用 請用由take構成的短語填空。(1)I couldnt _the meaning of t

17、he word.(2)The table _ too much room.(3)In the past five years, my hometown home-town 2. mark out 標出，劃出A volleyball court had been marked out on the grass. 排球場已經(jīng)在草坪畫了出來。Theres a great drive marked out for tourists. 有一種專為旅游者制定的極好的駕車游活動。拓展 與mark搭配的短語。be marked by 具有的特征be marked on標記在mark time 混時間，消磨時間

18、；等待時機mark off 區(qū)別，區(qū)分mark down 記下mark up 給加價，在上寫評注運用 請用由mark構成的短語填空。(1)Her writing is _ a subtle irony. (2)I was just _until a better job came up. (3)Compact disks may be _ as much as 80%. 3. by means of 以的方法提醒 類似意思的短語還有in this way 和with this method ，注意它們介詞的搭配，使用不同的名詞搭配不同的介詞。拓展 與means搭配的短語by all means

19、 （口）當然可以by no means /not by any means 決不，一點也不a means to an end 達到目的的手段have the means to do sth. 有錢做某事beyond your means 超出自己的財力，負擔不起within your means 負擔得起means of transportation交通方式means of identification身份證明原件運用 使用上面的短語完成下列句子。(1)-Can I bring Alan to the party? -_.(2)對于杰夫來說，那份工作僅僅只是達到目的的手段。For Geoff,

20、 the job was simply a _. (3)Scientists believe that these first settlers crossed the Bering Strait from Asia to Alaska _ a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. (4)_ can we give in to the enemy. 4. object to 反對，不贊成注意：to為介詞，后面接名詞、代詞、v-ing形式。Why do some people object to human cloning?為什么一些人反

21、對人類克隆的行為？We objected to leaving him alone.我們反對丟下他不管。拓展：objection n. 反對，異議；反對的理由objective adj. 客觀的，不帶偏見的5. pay off 還清；結(jié)清工資解雇(某人)；成功(be successful)Our plan certainly paid off; it was a great idea.我們的計劃當然成功了，那是個很好的主意。After all these years, we've at last paid off all our debts. 經(jīng)過這么多年，我們總算把債還清了。His

22、work was most unsatisfactory, so we paid him off at the end of the week. 他的工作非常差勁，因此我們在周末給他算清工資后就把他解雇了。拓展：用介詞或副詞填空。(1)pay _為付款/付出代價(2)pay _償還，回報(3)pay _ (為貨物或勞務)付出大筆款項(4)pay _ (不情愿或遲遲地)還清(債款)運用：完成下列句子。(1)為了那輛汽車我花了不少錢。 I _ a lot of money for that car. (2)你的計劃成功了嗎？Did your plan _? (3)你的這番好意我該怎么報答呢?How

23、 can I _ you _ for all your kindness? (4)他將為自己所做的一切付出代價。He'll have to _what he has done.6. be cast down感到泄氣/沮喪Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dollys illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal. 研究克隆的科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)多莉得的病更容易發(fā)生在年老的羊身上，這讓他們很沮喪。注意：cast cast-cast 搭配:理解并熟記下列搭配。cast sb.

24、into prison 把某人投進監(jiān)獄cast a net 撒網(wǎng)cast a vote 投票caston/at 投射(光、視線等)，把加于He cast an eye at the woman. 他向那婦人看了一眼。7.be bound to do sth. 有 的義務， 注定要 The marriage on the basis of money is bound to break up. 建立在金錢基礎上的婚姻肯定要破裂。Even when walking in the company of two other men, I am bound to learn from them. 三人行

25、，必有我?guī)熝?。搭?be bound up in 專注于，忙于be bound up with 與有密切關系運用：翻譯下列短語或句子，注意bound的意思。(1)a bound prisoner (2)We were bound for the West Coast. (3)Her heart bounded with joy. (4)The ball bounded back to me. (5)His curiosity knew no bounds. 6答案：Module 8 Unit 1 & Unit 2二、單詞拼寫 1.means2.apparent3.mix 4.occur5.central6.react7.immigrant 8.indicate9.inset10.swap 11.undertake12.breakthrough13.arbitrary14.object15.resist16.forbid17.accumulate18.assumption19.merely20.aloud四、詞組互譯1.make a life2.take in3.team up with 4.by means of5.sth. occur to sb6.除之外還有7.標出；規(guī)劃出8.把A和B混合起來9.把A插入B中10.維持，堅持；使不掉下來11.ca